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FADD 과발현 평활근세포에서 분비하는 Tumor Necrosis Factor-α의 작용
김관회,김선미,이경아 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.2
This study investigated biological activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α secreted from smooth muscle cell (SMC) destined for death by expressing Fas associated death domain containing protein (FADD) (FADD-SMC) when the cells are grown without tetracycline in culture medium. In the absence of tetracycline the FADD-SMC secreted approximately 1000 pg/ml TNF-α, whereas hardly detectable amount of the cytokine existed in the presence of tetracycline. The culture medium collected from the FADD-SMC grown in the absence of tetracycline increased phosphorylated form of p38 MAPK and up-regulated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). The medium collected without tetracycline also caused death of L929 cells. Depletion of TNF-α with the soluble TNF receptor (sTNFR) inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, the up-regulation of NF-κB activity and the death activity of the medium collected from FADD-SMC in the absence of tetracycline. These results indicate that TNF-α secreted from SMC undergoing death is biologically active and can affect cellular function. 세포 배양액에 tetracycline이 없는 경우 FADD를 발현하면서 사멸하는 평활근세포 (FADD-SMC)에서 분비하는 TNF-α의 활성을 조사하였다. 배양액에 tetracycline이 없는 경우 FADD-SMC는 약 1000 pg/ml의 TNF-α를 분비하였다. TNF-α를 포함하는 배양액을 분리하고, 이 배양액을 정상세포에 처리한 결과 인산화한 p38 MAPK와 nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)의 활성이 증가하였다. 또한 이 배양액을 L929 세포에 처리하는 경우 세포독성이 발생하였다. NF-κB, p38 MAPK 그리고 L929 세포에 대한 효과는 배양액에서 suluble TNF receptor를 이용하여 TNF-α를 제거하는 경우 감소하였다.
김관회(K.H. Kim),이용성(Y.S. Lee),유승을(S.E. Yoo),최영민(Y.M. Choi),정광철(G.C. Jung) 한국자동차공학회 1996 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1996 No.11_1
To improve startability of engine at low temperature, two characteristics of glow plug are needed. The first is fast heat-up charateristic that decreases the waiting time to start and the second is duralibity that stands in combustion chamber that is under the condition of high temperature, high pressure and corrosion. Metal glow plug have been used has some limit to enhance heat-up speed and duralibity at the same time, so we developed ceramic glow plug. It takes for ceramic glow plug 3 seconds on average to 800℃ . This property of ceramic glow plug is 2 times as fast as that of metal. The result of duralibity test, 1 minute on-off test under 11 voltage, shows that no sign of shortage can be observed<br/>
김관회(K.H.Kim),이영웅(Y.W.Lee),길영배(Y.B.Kil),목홍균(H.K.Mok),김헌영(H.Y.Kim),조원석(W.S.Cho) 한국자동차공학회 1998 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1998 No.11_2
The front frame made by stamping the TB is developed. At the first, the requirement of the front frame is studied and the TB concept is designed and the computer simulation of stamping and crash is performed. After the above study, the first TB concept design is modified for the making mold and the forming. The stamped TB front frame was tested by compressing as the front frame only in the UTM. The collapse mode and load was checked with the deformation. In result, it is possible to raise up the crush performance of the front frame and at the same time to reduce the 20% weight reduction, and also the collapse mode of the front frame at the test can be changed from bending to axial collapse by the bead shape control.<br/>
THP-1 세포에서 거품세포 형성과 단핵구 분화 및 활성화에서 7-ketocholesterol의 역할
이미선,박시은,김관회,박영철 한국생명과학회 2022 생명과학회지 Vol.32 No.2
Oxysterols are known to be involved in the physiopathology of atherosclerosis. Since 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC) is found in large amounts in oxysterols and in atherosclerotic plaque, the study on how 7-KC may affect monocyte differentiation induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in the monocytic cell line, THP-1, is essential. 7-KC induced a dose-dependent reduction in cell proliferation without inducing cytotoxicity, and the substantial staining of Nile red demonstrates the increased absorption of intracellular lipids. Although 7-KC itself did not increase cell adhesion, it markedly decreased the adhesion of cells treated with PMA. Furthermore, by observing the effect of 7-KC on phagocytosis using fluorescent-labeled latex beads, 7-KC’s ability to abolish phagocytosis in PMA-stimulated macrophages was illustrated. The effect of 7-KC on the expression of selected protein markers on the process of differentiation induced by PMA in THP-1 cells was also examined. 7-KC inhibited expression of ICAM-1, CD11a, SR-A1, and SR-B2 (CD36) in PMA-stimulated THP-1 cells. Conversely, 7-KC drastically increased the expression of SR-D1 (CD68)in PMA-stimulated THP-1 cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that 7-KC modulates monocyte differentiation and activation via the intracellular accumulation of lipid droplets. Oxysterols은 콜레스테롤의 산화 유도체로서 죽상경화증(atherosclerosis)에서 병태생리학으로 큰 관련성을 가진다. 본 연구는 oxysterols 중 많은 양을 차지하는 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC)이 단핵구(monocyte)의 분화와 활성화에 미치는 영향을 인간 단핵구세포주 THP-1을 이용하여 조사하였다. 7-KC를 처리한 THP-1 세포는 세포독성 없이 약간의 세포증식이 감소하였고, 세포내 lipids의 양이 크게 증가함을 Nile red 염색에 의해 관찰하였다. 7-KC는 단독으로 세포의 부착능(adhesion)에 영향을 주지 않았지만, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)로 자극한 THP-1 세포에서는 부착능의 뚜렷한 감소를 나타내었다. 그리고, 형광이 부착된 latex beads를 이용하여 7-KC의 phagocytosis (포식능)를 조사하였다. 7-KC는 PMA로 분화를 자극한 세포의 phagocytosis를 현저히 감소시켰다. 또한, 7-KC를 처리한 THP-1 세포는 대식세포(macrophage)의 막표면 인자인 ICAM-1, CD11a, scavenger receptor (SR, 청소수용체) SR-A1, SR-B2 (CD36)의 발현을 감소시켰다. 하지만, 7-KC는 단독으로 혹은 PMA로 자극한 세포에서도 SR-D1 (CD68)의 발현을 현저히 증가시켰다. 이를 종합하면, 7-KC는 단핵구를 sterols이 풍부한 거품세포(foam cell)로 변형시킴으로써 생리적 자극에 의한 정상적인 단핵구의 분화와 활성화를 저해한다는 것을 시사한다.