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헌법상 표현의 자유의 내용으로서의허위사실 표현 개념에 대한 소고
김가희 이화여자대학교 법학연구소 2023 法學論集 Vol.28 No.1
본 연구는 헌법상 표현의 자유의 내용으로서의 허위사실 표현의 개념을 확인하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 기존의 논의가 허위사실 표현이 언론 보도의 형태로 이루어지는 것을 전제로 한 탓에 ‘허위사실 표현’ 개념 자체에 부정적 프레임이 씌워져 있다는 점을 지적하였으며, 표현의 자유의 기능으로 언급되는 입헌 민주주의의 유지형성, 진리에의 도달 측면과 인격의 자유로운 형성과 전개의 측면 모두에서 ‘허위사실 표현’이 다른 표현과 같은 의미를 가질 수 있음을 주목하였다. AI, 딥페이크 등의 기술적 수단을 통해 이루어지는 표현 또한 허위사실 표현의 개념 논의에서 고려해야할 사항이라는 점을 짚었다. ‘허위사실 표현’의 개념을 확인하기 위해 가짜뉴스 및 허위조작정보의 개념과 관련한 이론적 논의, 제21대 국회에 제출된 관련 법안, ‘뉴스’, ‘사실’, ‘정보’ 등의 개념의 차이, 의견과 사실의 구분, 허위의 개념 등을 검토하였다. 그 결과 허위사실 표현의 개념요소로 ‘현재 또는 과거의 사실’, ‘허위성’, ‘입증가능성’을 제시하였고, 허위사실 표현의 개념요소가 아닌 것으로 ‘허위성에 대한 인식’, ‘오인을 유발할 의도’, ‘해악성’, ‘표현주체의 특정’을 제시하였다. This study aims to confirm the concept of false statement of fact as a content of constitutional freedom of expression. It pointed out that the concept of ‘false statement of fact’ is negatively framed because the existing discussion assumes that misrepresentation takes place in the form of media reports, and noted that ‘false statement of fact’ can have the same status as other expressions, both in terms of maintaining a constitutional democracy and reaching the truth, which are mentioned as functions of freedom of expression, and in terms of the free formation and development of an individual’s personality. It was pointed out that representations made through technological means, such as AI and deepfakes, should also be considered in the discussion of the concept of false expression. To identify the concept of ‘false statement of fact’, I reviewed theoretical discussions on the concepts of fake news and disinformation, relevant bills submitted to the 21st National Assembly, the difference between the concepts of ‘news’, ‘fact’, and ‘information’, the distinction between opinion and fact, and the concept of falsehood. As a result, I proposed ‘current or past facts’, ‘falsity’, and ‘verifiability’ as conceptual elements of false expression, and ‘awareness of falsity’, ‘intent to mislead’, ‘harmfulness’, and ‘identification of the subject of expression’ as non-conceptual elements of misrepresentation.
A New Technique Using Ultra-slim Endoscopy for High- Grade Crohn’s Stricture
김가희,Kyung-Jo Kim,Gi Ae Kim,Jee Eun Yang,Hee Jung Park,예병덕,명승재,양석균 대한대장항문학회 2012 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.28 No.5
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. Most patients with CD will eventually develop a stricturing or penetrating complication. Colonoscopic findings may predict the clinical course in patients with CD. Moreover, since CD patients are at increased risk for developing dysplasia and colorectal cancer, surveillance colonoscopy is necessary for the detection of malignancies. We describe here a CD patient with a high-grade anorectal stricture who successfully underwent a total colon examination with an ultra-slim upper endoscope after an insertion failure with a standard colonoscope and gastroscope.
김가희 한국중앙영어영문학회 2014 영어영문학연구 Vol.56 No.1
This essay examines the exclusion and inclusion of Cambodian immigrants from the perspective of neoliberal governmentality. The concept of governmentality enables an approach to consciousness and action of subjects that are recognized as a free agent. Subjects in neoliberal society where the importance of self-reliance and self-care are stressed are characterized that they should be in charge of their own safety for themselves. This neoliberal subject needs a partner called community to provide moral values in the process of its own identity formation and this creates governing population through the community. Governmentality operates based on expert groups that produce knowledge to distinguish those who are to be included in a society from those who are to be excluded. The Chhung family or Cambodian immigrants that were on the brink of exclusion due to the absence of civility in American society came to make a fresh start in a small village called Riverlake. Through intermediation of Hattie, a Chinese-American who serves as their mentor, the Chhung family newly forms the identity as an American citizen by being accepted into the village community. The description of identity, community and expert intermediation shown in World and Town well demonstrates the governmental technology on ethnic minorities in how they are included or excluded.
O2 플라즈마 전처리 및 후속 열처리 조건이 Ti 박막과 WPR 절연층 사이의 계면 접착력에 미치는 영향
김가희,이진아,박세훈,박영배,Kim, Gahui,Lee, Jina,Park, Se-hoon,Park, Young-Bae 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2020 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Fan-out wafer level packaging (FOWLP) 재배선 적용을 위한 Ti 박막과 WPR 절연층 사이의 계면 신뢰성을 평가하기 위해, O<sub>2</sub> 플라즈마 전처리 및 후속 열처리 시간에 따라 90° 필 테스트를 진행하였다. O<sub>2</sub> 플라즈마 전처리 시간이 증가 할수록 계면 접착력이 감소하다가 유지되는 거동을 보였으며, 이는 과도한 O<sub>2</sub> 플라즈마 전처리가 WPR 절연층 내의 C-O-C 또는 C=O 결합을 끊어 WPR 표면이 손상을 받아 계면 접착력이 저하된 것으로 판단된다. 또한 O<sub>2</sub> 플라즈마 전처리를 30초 진행한 시편을 150℃ 후속 열처리 진행한 결과, 계면 접착력이 0시간에서 24시간까지는 감소하였으나, 100시간까지 유지되는 거동을 보였다. 이는 고온에 취약한 WPR 절연층이 과도한 열처리로 인해 손상되어 계면 접착력이 급격히 감소하다가 유지되는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 절연층 소재에 대한 최적의 플라즈마 전처리 조건을 확보하는 것이 FOWLP 재배선의 계면신뢰성 향상을 위한 핵심요소임을 알 수 있다. The effects of O<sub>2</sub> plasma pre-treatment and post-annealing conditions on the interfacial adhesion of Ti thin film and WPR dielectric were investigated using 90° peel test for fan-out wafer level packaging (FOWLP) redistribution layer (RDL) applications. Peel strength between Ti film and WPR dielectric decreased from 8.9±1.3 g/mm to 2.7±0.9 g/mm for variation of O<sub>2</sub> plasma pre-treatment time from 30s to 300s, which is closely related to C-O-C or C=O bonds breakage at the WPR dielectric surface due to excessive plasma pre-treatment conditions. During post-annealing at 150℃, the peel strength abruptly decreased from 0 h to 24 h, and then maintained constant until 100 h, which is also mainly due to the damage of WPR dielectric which is weak to high temperature. Therefore, the optimum plasma pre-treatment conditions on the surface of dielectric is essential to interfacial reliability of FOWLP RDL.
A Comparison of Scan Data Accuracy of Implant Scan Body and Encoded Healing Abutment
김가희,박은진,조영은 대한구강악안면임플란트학회 2024 대한구강악안면임프란트학회지 Vol.28 No.1
Purpose: The precision of implant prostheses, which requires accurate impression acquisition, can significantly impact a patient’s treatment prognosis. This study therefore aimed to compare the accuracy of the scan data obtained using an encoded healing abutment with a scan body for digital implant impressions. Materials and Methods: A resin model was constructed using an implant analog (ISLA500, Neobiotech) at sites #15, #17, and #21. After the scan body was connected to on the model, it underwent scanning using a model scanner to produce reference data. The scan body (IS D5, Neobiotech) and encoded healing abutment (IS 4004S, Neobiotech) were connected to the model, and 20 scans per each group were performed using an intraoral scanner (Trios®, 3Shape Dental Systems). The data obtained from these two groups were compared with the reference data using two-way analysis of variance and t-tests. Results: The mean distance from the reference point was 0.089 mm in the scan body group and 0.217 mm in the encoded healing abutment group, indicating that the scan body was closer to the reference value than the encoded healing abutment. Conclusion: Digital implant impressions obtained with the scan body were more accurate than those acquired with the encoded healing abutment when taking digital implant impressions.