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Ferricyanide와 ferric chloride 혼합액을 사용한 Bisphenol A의 비색 정량법 개발
금은주,류희영,권기석,손호용,Kum, Eun-Joo,Ryu, Hee-Young,Kwon, Gi-Seok,Sohn, Ho-Yong 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.2
Bisphenol A (BPA) has been widely used as a monomer for production of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. The annual production of BPA exceeds 640,000 metric tons in worldwide. BPA, a suspected phenolic endocrine disrupter, is moderately soluble and frequently detected in industrial wastewater. To date, HPLC and GC has been used for BPA analysis. However, HPLC and GC-analysis need high operation lost, experts, and an elaborate pre-treatment of samples, and is difficult to apply on-time and mass analysis. Therefore, simple, mass and rapid detection of BPA in environments is necessary. In the present study, spectrophotometric method of BPA quantification was developed. Based on blue-color product formation with BPA and ferric chloride/ferricyanide under the optimized conditions, the standard curve was acquired $({\lambda}_{750}=0.061\;BPA\;[{\mu}M]+0.07155,\;R^2=0.992)$. Using an established method, the BPA contents in the soil extract, and different water samples and living products, including disposable syringe, cup and plastic tube, were analyzed. The results suggested that the method is useful for BPA determination from different massive samples. Since the BPA metabolites, nontoxic 4-hydroxyacetophenone or 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, did not form blue-color product, this method is also useful to screen a microorganism for BPA bioremediation.
Antifungal Activity of Phenanthrene Derivatives from Aerial Bulbils of Dioscorea batatas Decne
금은주,박상조,이봉호,김종식,손건호,손호용,Kum, Eun-Joo,Park, Sang-Jo,Lee, Bong-Ho,Kim, Jong-Sik,Son, Kun-Ho,Sohn, Ho-Yong Korean Society of Life Science 2006 생명과학회지 Vol.16 No.4
Plants of the genus Dioscorea have long been used as oriental folk medicine, and Dioscorea batatas Decne has been cultivated for healthy food in Korea. Although the bulbils were produced 2,000 ton annually, there are few reports for bioactive compounds in bulbils. In this study, three phenanthrenes and two phenanthraquinones were isolated from the aerial bulbils of D. batatas Decne, and their structures were elucidated. Among them, compound 2 (6-hydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-1,4-phenanthraquinone) has not been reported previously. Evaluation of antimicrobial activities based on disk-diffusion assay, MIC and MFC showed the compound 12 (6,7-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxyphenanthrene) has strong antimicrobial activity with $25\;{\mu}g/ml$ of MIC and MFC against Candida albicans. Our results suggested that compound 12 has a potent antifungal activity, and the antimicrobial activity and its spectrum are modulated by hydroxylation and methoxylation of phenanthrene ring moiety of the compound.
Antifungal Activity of Fistulosides, Steroidal Saponins, from Allium fistulosum L
손호용,금은주,류희영,전수진,김남순,손건호,Sohn Ho-Yong,Kum Eun-Joo,Ryu Hee-Young,Jeon Su-Jin,Kim Nam-Soon,Son Kun-Ho Korean Society of Life Science 2006 생명과학회지 Vol.16 No.2
Allium fistulosum L. (Welsh onion) is a perennial herb that is widely cultivated throughout the world, especially in China, Japan and Korea. Although, various activities were reported, little is known about antimicrobial activity of A. fistulosum L.. In this study, strong antimicrobial substances, fistuloside A, B, and C were isolated from the edible parts of A. fistulosum L. and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated with pathogenic- or food-spoilage microorganism based on disk-diffusion assay, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) determination. Fistuloside A and fistuloside C showed strong antifungal activity and anti-Proteus activity, while fistuloside B is effective to only fungi. The fistuloside C showed a prominent antifungal activity with $3.1{\sim}6.2{\mu}g/ml$ of MIC and MFC. Our results indicated that fistuloside C has a prominent antifungal activity and support the use of A. fistulosum to treat microbial infection.
Lumbricus rubellus를 이용한 endosulfan의 간편, 신속 독성 평가 및 endosulfan 분해 미생물의 선별
손호용,김홍주,금은주,이중복,권기석,Sohn Ho-Yong,Kim Hong-Ju,Kum Eun-Joo,Lee Jung-Bok,Kwon Gi-Seok 한국생명과학회 2006 생명과학회지 Vol.16 No.1
To compensate the problems of chemical assay in detoxification of recalcitrant and a practical approach in selection of bioremediation bacteria, a simple and rapid toxicity evaluation system was constructed based on Lumbricus rubellus. Long term-culture and specific equipment are not necessary, and semi-quantitative analysis of toxicity at sub-lethal concentration is possible by measuring of dose-dependent increased yellowish secreted compounds. When the toxicity of endosulfan, its metabolites and structurally related chemicals were measured for 24 h, the results were coincided with previous reports. Toxicity was found in endosulfan, endosulfan sulfate, aldrin, and dieldrin, respectively. Rapid and economic selection of endosulfan-detoxifying bacteria was possible using our system. Klebsiella pneumoniae KE-1, K. oxytoca KE-8 and Pseudomonas sp. KS-2P, reported endosulfan degrading bacteria, ameliorated the endosulfan toxicity, whereas E. coli, B. subtilis and other bacteria failed to protect the toxicity of endosulfan in L. rubellus. Our results suggest that the constructed system is useful to selection of microorganism as well as toxicity evaluation against toxic recalcitrants.
HepG2 인간 세포주, Lumbricus rubellus 및 Saccharomyces cerevisiae를 이용한 내분비교란물질의 독성평가
손호용,김홍주,금은주,조민섭,이중복,김종식,권기석,Sohn, Ho-Yong,Kim, Hong-Ju,Kum, Eun-Joo,Cho, Min-Seop,Lee, Jung-Bok,Kim, Jong-Sik,Kwon, Gi-Seok 한국생명과학회 2006 생명과학회지 Vol.16 No.6
Toxicity evaluation systems for various chemicals and their metabolites have been developed during last decades. In this study, the acute toxicity of endocrine disrupting chemicals, such as endosulfan, bisphenol A, vinclozolin, and 3,5-dichloroaniline, was evaluated using HepG2 cell line, Lumbricus rubellus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively. The extents of toxicity of the chemicals in different bioassay systems varied substantially, such as endosulfan>3,5-dichloroaniline> bisphenol A in HepG2 cell line system, endosulfan>bisphenol A>3,5-dichloro aniline in L. rubellus system, and 3,5-dichloroaniline>endosulfan>bisphenol A in S. cerevisiae system. Meanwhile, no cytotoxicity was observed by treatment of vinclozolin in the evaluation systems. Our results suggest that earthworm and yeast are useful to evaluate acute toxicity of endocrine disrupting chemicals, and direct comparison of toxicity data from different bioassay systems is unattainable. Based on our results, we propose that the bioassay system with earthworm or yeast, a rapid, simple and economic system, could be applied as pre-test for the toxicity evaluation using human cell line or animals.
Isolation of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BP-2 Capable of Degradation of Bisphenol A
권기석,김동걸,이중복,신기선,금은주,손호용,Kwon, Gi-Seok,Kim, Dong-Geol,Lee, Jung-Bok,Shin, Kee-Sun,Kum, Eun-Joo,Sohn, Ho-Yong Korean Society of Life Science 2006 생명과학회지 Vol.16 No.7
Bisphenol A (BPA), 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, has been widely used as a monomer for production of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, and final products of BPA include adhesives, protective coatings, paints, optical lens, building materials, compact disks and other electrical parts. Since BPA is a toxic chemical to elicit acute cell cytotoxicity and chronic endocrine disrupting activity, the degradation of BPA has been focused during last decades. To overcome the problem of photo-, and chemical-degradation of BPA, in this study, a bacterium that is able to biodegrade BPA, was isolated. The bacterium, isolated froln the soil of plastic factory, was identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (strain BP-2) based on physiological and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. A. calcoaceticus BP-2 was able to grow in the presence of $1140{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ BPA. Biodegradation experiments showed that BP-2 mineralized BPA via 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxyacetophenone, and average degradation rate was $53.3{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ under optimal conditions (pH 7 and $30^{\circ}C$). In high density resting cell $(3.5g-dcw.1^{-1})$ experiments, the maximal degradation rate was increased to $89.7{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}\;h^{-1}$. Our results suggest that BP-2 has high potential as a catalyst for practical BPA bioremediation.
자생 및 약용 식물의 Streptococcus mutans항균 활성의 검색
김건우,백정규,장영욱,금은주,권윤숙,김홍주,손호용,Kim Kun-Woo,Baek Jueng-Kuy,tang Young-Wook,Kum Eun-Joo,Kwon Yun-Suk,Kim Hong-Ju,Sohn Ho-Yong 한국생명과학회 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.5
Oral streptococci are major constituents of dental plaques, and their prevalence is closely linked with various pathologic symptoms, such as dental caries. To develop natural anticaries agent, we prepared 309 kinds of plant extracts from 215 species of edible or medical plants, and antibacterial activity of the extracts against Streptococcus mutans JC-2 were evaluated based on 96 well microtiter plate assay and disk paper method, subsequently. Among the tested plant extracts, Ailanthus altissima, Paeonia lactiflora, Rubus phoenicolasius, Aralia continentalis, Quercus acutissima, Persicaria hydropiper and Agrimonia pilosa extracts showed strong antimicrobial activity. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the selected seven plant extracts showed that Ailanthus altissima, Persicaria hydropiper and Quercus acutissima extracts ($MIC=25\∼30[\mu}g/ml$) has potential as a source of natural anticaries agents.