라미네이트 도재 수복물의 연마 방법에 따른 표면 거칠기의 비교

권영숙,이근우,Kwon, Young-Sook,Lee, Keun-Woo 대한치과보철학회 1996 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.34 No.2

After adjusting glazed surface of laminate veneer porcelain by reduction in the clinical procedure, an additional polishing procedure is required to smoothen the roughened surface by reduction, as it is difficult to glaze it again in the furnace. In this study, four kinds of laminate veneer porcelain were ground with diamond points as done in the clinical procedure. The adjusted porcelain surface was polished with Durawhite stone, Ceramiste points, Exa cerapol, Porcelain polishing wheel, Diamond polishing paste. The degree of surface roughness was evaluated with SEM and profilometer at each step, The self glazed surface and the glazed surface with glazing powder were compared with the polished surface and surface roughness of four kinds of laminate veneer porcelain according to the polishing method and step were obserbed. The following results were obtained : 1. There was no difference in the average surface roughness Ra value and the surface roughness obserbed under SEM according to the polishing methods and steps used, among the four kinds of laminate veneer porcelain including Colorlogic, Exelco, Vintage, and Vitadur alpha product. 2. Due to porosities, the surface in the course of polishing by polishing instruments was rougher than the glazed surface, evaluated with a SEM. 3. Insta-Glaze diamond polishing paste has no statistical difference with self glazed group 1, although it has a lower value in average surface roughness Ra value. 4. Group 2 which was glazed with galzing powder was lowest in view of SEM, but it revealed higher surface roughness Ra value than group 1, the glazed surface and group 8, polished by diamond polishing paste, due to surface waveness. 5. Proper surface smoothness could not be in the surface roughness analysis of SEM and profilometer by Shofu laminate polishing kit composed of Diamond point, Durawhite stone and Ceramiste points. Based on the results of this study, the following conclusions can be drawn. We obtain low surface roughness than glazed surface by polishing instruments, but not perfect results clinically. In order to obtain a perfect clinical result or a surface smoothness comparable to glazed porcelain there is a need for further improvement of porcelain materials, condensa-tion techniques, polishing instruments and polishing methods. Furthermore card should be taken not to breakdown the glazed surface during the clinical and laboratory procedure.

종합병원 간호사의 요통발생 실태와 관련요인

권영숙,김정남,Kwon, Young-Sook,Kim, Chung-Nam 한국지역사회간호학회 1996 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of the survey was to find out the prevalence rate and related factors for low back pain of nurses and to develop educational program for prevention of the low back pain. The subjects of the survey were 593 nurses of general hospitals in Tae-gu City. The survey was conducted from June 10, 1994 to October 3, 1994. The questionnaire included 34 question items concerning general characteristics, factors related to low back pain, physical nursing activities, and characteristics of low back pain. The results were as follows : 1. Among 593 of subjects, the prevalence rate of low back pain showed 62.1%. 2. In relation of health related life activities and low back pain prevalence, self-reported health state was highly significant(P=.000). 3. In relation of work environmental factors and low back pain prevalence, job satisfaction (P=.026), job stress(P=.020), and workload(P=.002) were significant. 4. In relation of physical nursing activities and low back pain prevalence, bending (P=.000), trunk twisting(P=.003), stretching(P=.006), and pulling and pushing(P=.046) were significant. 5. Physical nursing activities inducing back stress was varicant according to wards. The results of this study pointed out that the subjects' low back pain prevalence was related to the work-related physiologic and psychologic factors. Therefore, for the effective prevention of low back pain, both practicing the body mechanics and raising the morale of the nurses are needed in educational program.

SGML을 이용한 특허정보처리 연구

권영숙,Kwon, Young-Sook 한국과학기술정보연구원 과학기술정보센터 1999 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.30 No.3

A description of SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language) is given together with a detailed description of WIPO Standard ST.32. The benefits of the use of SGML are highlighted-its system Independence and flexibility in building publication systems and full-text databases. A structure of WIPO Standard ST,32 based patent content is defined by DTD(document type definition) written in ST.32, and full-text itself is described with generalized markup depending on DTD. This article explains how to represent a document structure : a hierarchy structure like a entire document, a specific, sub-document, a paragraph, or non-hirarchy structure like a table drawings, or chemical structures. Merits of SGML In patent document processing are also discussed. SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language)의 디스크립션은 WIPO(World Intellectual Property Organization) Standard ST.32의 디스크립션과 더불어 자세히 기술되고있다. SGML의 이용에 대한 이점이 강조되고 있으며, 그것은 시스템 독립적이며 특허출판 및 전문 데이터베이스구축에 타당성이 있다는 것이다. WIPO Standard ST.32를 적용한 특허문헌의 내용구조는 ST.32에 따라 작성한 DTD로 표현하고 텍스트 자체는 DTD에 따른 범용 마크업을 사용하여 기술한다. 본고에서는 전체문헌, 특정 서브문서, 문단 등의 계층구조와 표, 도면, 화학구조식 등의 비계층구조로 되어 있는 문서구조를 어떻게 표현하는가에 대하여 예를들어 설명하였다. 그리고 특허 문헌처리에서 SGML의 효과에 대하여 논의하였다.

언어에서의 시간성표현

권영숙,Kwon Yeong-Sook 한국독어학회 1999 독어학 Vol.1 No.-

In dieser Abhandlung wurde im Bereich der $Temporalit\"{a}t$ anhand des konzeptorientierten Ansatzes das $Verh\"{a}ltnis$ yon konzeptueller und sprachlicher $Repr\"{a}sentation$ betrachtet. Die $Temporalit\"{a}t$ ist ein abgeleiteter Begriff, den das menschliche$Bewu{\ss}tsein$ im Rahmen seiner kognitiven Entwicklung als $Ma{\ss}stab$ der qualitativen $Ver\"{a}nderung$ und Bewegung von Materie warhnimmt und systematisch konzeptualisiert. Ihre Subkategorien unterscheiden sich in den Sprachen, da bei den $Konzeptualisierungsvorg\"{a}ngen$ durch die Muttersprache bestimmte begriffliche Kategorien eine steuernde Rolle spielen. In diesem theoretischen Hintergrund betrachteten wir, inwieweit die beiden Sprachen, das Deutsche und das Koreanische, im Bereich des Zeitkonzepts auf der konzeptuellen Ebene und auf der Ausdrucksebene verschieden und gemeinsam sind, und wie das $Verh\"{a}ltnis$ zwischen den temporalen Konzepten und den $Ausdrucksm\"{o}glichkeiten$ ist. Die $Temporalit\"{a}t$ des Koreanischen ist in Bezug auf die Basiskategorien der $Temporalit\"{a}t$ mit dem Deutschen mehr oder weniger identisch. Zum Ausdruck der Zeitreferenz haben die beiden Sprachen gemeinsam zwei explizite grammatische und lexikalische $Ausdrucksm\"{o}glichkeiten$, aber die Art und Weise, wie sie zum Ausdruck der Subkategorien der $Temporalit\"{a}t$ eingesetzt werden, sind verschieden. In diesem Zusammenhang kann man sagen, $\dabeta$ es zum Verstandnis der $\dabeta$ in der Sprache nicht reicht, die sprachliche Formen zu betrachten: man $mu\ss$ die Konzepte berucksichten, die durch die sprachlichen Formen $ausgedr\"{u}ckt$ werden.

골유착성 임플랜트 지지 고정성 보철물과 자연치의 최대교합력 비교

권영숙,황선홍,한동후,Kwon Young-Sook,Hwang Sun-Hong,Han Dong-Hoo 대한치과보철학회 2005 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the maximum occlusal force implant prostheses to natural teeth. Material and Method: Fifty nine patients treated either with $Br{\aa}anemark$ implants and ITI implants during the recent ten years were involved in this study. The maximum occlusal force were measured with unilateral bite force recorder and dental prescale system. Results: 1. The maximum occlusal forces of the implant prostheses and natural teeth were not significantly different where measured with unilateral bite force recorder and dental prescale system. 2. The maximum occlusal forces were not significantly different between $Br{\aa}nemark$ implant and ITI implant prostheses. 3. The maximum occlusal forces of the implant prostheses had lower when compared with natural teeth during 1-6 months functional periods when measured with the unilareral bite force recorder(P<0.05) and 1-12 months functional periods when measured with the dental prescale system(P<0.05). After these periods there was not statistical significant difference between the implant prostheses and natural teeth. 4. The maximum occlusal forces of the wide diameter implant prostheses were higher than the maximum occlusal forces of the regular diameter implant prostheses when measured with dental prescale system(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the wide diameter and the regular diameter implant prostheses when measured with unilateral bite force recorder. 5. The maximum occlusal forces of the single implant prostheses were not significantly different with the splinting implants prostheses. 6. The maximum occlusal forces of the implant prostheses were not significantly different by age and sex. 7. There was significantly different between maximum occlusal forces measured with unilateral bite force recorder and dental prescale system(P<0.0001) but there was positive correlation(r=0.52. P<0.05). Conclusion: The maximum occlusal forces of the implant prostheses were not significantly different to natural teeth during clenching and unilateral maximum biting.

VRML을 이용한 Web 기반 삼차원 화학 결합 코스웨어의 설계 및 구현

권영숙(Young-Sook Kwon),김영봉(Young-Bong Kim) 한국멀티미디어학회 2006 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Web기술과 Hardware기술의 급속한 성장으로 인하여 다양하고 효율적인 교수 학습 자료의 개발의 가능성이 급증하고 있다. 특히 기존의 2차원적인 이미지와 텍스트에 의해 이루어진 교수­학습자료 보다는 VRML올 이용한 삼차원 학습 자료들이 학생들의 현실감에 기초한 학습으로 학습효과를 더욱 증가시킬 수 있다. 본 코스웨어에서는 현실감 있고 동적인 구현이 되도록 3차원 가상공간의 세계를 제공하는 스크립트 언어인 VRML 2.0을 이용하여 화학결합을 공부하고자 하는 학습자가 실제 생활에서 볼 수 없는 원자들의 화학결합에 대해 직접 눈으로 확인할 수 있도록 하여 학습 동기를 부여하고, 원자들에 대한 이해를 보다 쉽게 할 수 있도록 하였다.

상원사목조문수동자좌상 복장 명주홑저고리의 보존처리

권영숙 ( Young Suk Kwon ),백영미 ( Young Mee Baek ) 한국의류산업학회 2006 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.8 No.6

요실금과 관련된 국내 간호연구 분석

권영숙(Kwon Young Sook),김태희(Kim Tae Hee) 계명대학교 간호과학연구소 2004 계명간호과학 Vol.8 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of the study was to analyze the trends of research and to suggest future direction of research on urinary incontinence in Korea. Method : Sixty nursing researches conducted between 1993 and 2000 were analysed. The standard of analysis was degree theses, the year of publication, research design, measurement instruments, prevalence, intervention of experimental research and theme of qualitative research. Result : There were 29 theses and 31 articles published on nursing journals. There were 18 experimental researches, 40 nonexperimental researches and 2 qualitative researches. The scale that was the most used in researches was Hendrickon's situation scale of urinary incontinence, followed by Jackson's lower urinary tract symptoms, frequency of urinary incontinence, maximum vaginal contraction pressure, duration of pelvic muscle contraction. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 10.1∼85.0%. The age of subjects in survey ranged distributed from 20 to 94 and the number of subject ranged from 60 to 3,372. The major interventions for experimental researches included pelvic floor muscle exercise, electrostimulation of pelvic floor, prompted voiding therapy, moxibustion, urinary incontinence management program which provides pelvic floor muscle exercise, bladder training and education. The theme of qualitative research was experience of urinary incontinence. Conclusion : It is necessary to study prevalence of urinary incontinence repeatedly for reliable results, develop reliable and variable measurements of urinary incontinence, survey change of urinary incontinence status after nursing intervention and develop self management program of urinary incontinence.

연구논문 : 출토복식을 통해 본 임란전후 대전지역의 염습제도와 의생활 양식

권영숙 ( Young Suk Kwon ),이주영 ( Joo Young Lee ) 한국의류산업학회 2006 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.8 No.3

요통교육프로그램이 간호사의 요통감소에 미치는 효과

권영숙(Kwon Young Sook) 기본간호학회 1996 기본간호학회지 Vol.3 No.1