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인문 · 사회과학편 : 집단의 응집력이 스포츠 수행에 미치는 영향
권대인(DaeInKwon),박진성(JinSeongPark) 한국체육학회 1993 한국체육학회지 Vol.32 No.2
The purpose of this study was to analyze the four factors of team cohesiveness that each individual of group members shows according to the group members` sex, the sport events, and the levels of performance.191 high school sport athletes(97 boys, 94 girls) were used as subjects for this study. They were divided into two groups(high vs. low) according to their perfomance of the official games in 1992. And they were administered a GEQ(Group Environment Questionnaire) questionnaire.The results from the analysis of GEQ are as follows ;① In individual attractions to group-task, the cohesiveness of team sport is much higher than that of individual sport.② In individual attractions to group-social attitudes, the teams of low performance were much more cohesive than those of high performance for boys. But, the high performance teams were more cohesive than the low performance teams for girls.③ In group integration-task, the high performance teams were more cohesive than the low performance teams.Boys were more cohesive in the team sports, but girls in the individual sports. Both sex alike, the high performance teams were more cohesive than the low performance teams.In case of boys, there was little difference of cohesiveness between the high and the low teams, but an case of girls, there was a big difference of cohesiveness.④ In group integration-social respect, the teams of high performance were more cohesive than those of low performance.
도라지 추출물 연양갱이 β-amyloid에 의한 세포독성 및 Scopolamine에 의해 유도된 인지능 저하 동물 모델의 개선효과
오홍근,김정훈,신은혜,강영례,이봉근,박상훈,문대인,권이성,김영필,최민휴,김옥진,박광현,이학용 한국자원식물학회 2013 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.26 No.4
The aim of this study was to examine improving effect of Platycodon extracts (PE) and/or Platycodon extracts jelly (PEJ) on cognitive impairment in vitro and in vivo. PC12 (Pheochromocytoma) cells were pretreated with PE for 1hr and than incubated with 50 μM amyloid β (Aβ)25-35 for additional 48hr. Cell viability was assessed by WST-1. Animals for Morris water test and passive avoidance test were divided into normal, control and two Platycodon extracts treated groups that were named Normal (n=7), Control (0 mg/kg, n=7), PE (300 mg/kg, n=7), PEJ (10 g/kg, n=7). Cognitive impairment was induced by scopolamine (1 mg/kg/body weight, i.p.) in the three experimental groups but not the normal group. Pretretment of PE (0.01-1 mg/mL) were not induced cytotoxicity but observed in high dose-treated group (5 and 10 mg/mL)in PC12 cells. Protective effects of PE against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity were increased in dose dependent manner in PC12cells. Administration of PE and PEJ were significantly reduced escape latency time on Morris water maze test and passive avoidance test in copolamine-induced cognitive impairment animal model. These results suggest that Platycodon extracts and its related product available to ameliorative purpose for cognitive ability impairments. 본 연구에서는 도라지 추출물에 대한 세포 독성을 확인하였으며, Aβ에 의한 PC12 세포 독성에 대한 보호효과를관찰하였다. 또한 도라지 추출물과 도라지 추출물 연양갱을 4주간 강제 경구 투여하여 Morris 수중미로시험에서 도달지점까지의 도달시간이 도라지 추출물 및 도라지 추출물연양갱 투여에 의해서 모두에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 이와 유사하게 수동회피시험에서도 자극이 있는 어두운 방을나오는 시간이 도라지 추출물 및 도라지 추출물 연양갱 투여에 의해서 현저하게 감소하였다. 따라서 도라지 추출물및 도라지 추출물 연양갱은 인지능 개선에 도움을 줄 것으로 생각된다.