Harmann Hesse 의 서정시 연구

권기록 한국독어독문학회 1989 獨逸文學 Vol.43 No.1

Bei dieser Arbet handelt es sich um die romantischen Elemente und seine Grundgedanken, die in der Lyrik H. Hesses dargestellt wurden. Hesse, von Natur aus eiti passives Charakter, hat als Diehter semen Ausgang in der Romantik genommen. In seines Lyrik kann man feststellen, daß Hesse fu¨r das Lebensgefu¨hl der Romantik eine Veranlagung mitbringt, die in seines besonderen Natur begru¨ndet ist. Es sind nicht nur die Widerspru¨che der ihn umgebenden konkreten gesellschaftlichen Ordnung, es ist vor allem auch die Zwiespa¨ltigkeit seines eigenen Wesens, d. h. die als qua¨lend, aber such als fruchtbar empfundene Polarita¨t von Trieb und Geist, die ihn als ruhelosen Wanderer und ewigen Sucher nach dem Sinn des Lebens u¨berhaupt erscheinen la¨ßt. In dieser geistigen Grnndhatiung stimmt Hesse mit der idealistischen Weltanschauung der Romantiker u¨berein, deren unklares Sehnen die wahre Heimat der Seele in einem irrationalen Jenseits sucht. Neben den dieser Dichtung eigenen Stimmungsgehalten sind es auch die Motive, das Naturgefu¨hl und nicht zuletzt die entsprechenden formalen Merkmale, das Volksliedhafte, die Musikalita¨t, die Hesse als echten Romantiker erscheinen lassen und nicht als spielerischen Nachahmer, obgleich gewisse konventionelle Anleihen nicht zu u¨bersehen sind. Ein Kennzeichen romantischen Lebensgefu¨hls ist auch das eigenartige Verha¨ltnis zur Natur und allen ihren Erscheinungen. In der geheimnisvoll beseelten und als wunderbare Einheit erlebten Natur sucht der Dichter Zuflucht vor der unbefriedigenden, schrecklichen Wirklichkeit, in den vielfa¨ltigen Bidern der Natur sieht er Symbole seines eigenen Lebens. Die bewegten Elemente der Natur, wie “Stro¨me, Wolken, Winde” werden zu Symbolen seines sehnlichert. Verlangens “nach Hause”. Ein weiteres Merkmal Hessescher Lyrik, das diese mit der Romantik gemein hat, ist der yolksliedhafte Ton. Der erste Weltkrieg und die Erschu¨tterung der bu¨rgerlichen Gesellschaft in den Jahren nach dem Kriege haben in Hesse jene Wandlung vorbereitet, die schließlich zu einer ausgesprochenen Krise im Leben und Schaffen des Dichters fu¨hren sollte. In diesen Zeitverha¨ltnissen erschien ihm zu groß der Widerspruch zwischen der unstillbaren Sehnsucht nach dem Scho¨nen und der unbefriedigenden Wirklichkeit. Aber diese Krise bedeutete nur als ein Zwischenspiel ein la¨uterndes Durchgangsstadium, das zur Abgekla¨rtheit der Alterslyrik fu¨hren sollte. In der Lyrik des alteren Hesse traten Reflexionen, und Gedanken allgemeingu¨ltigen Inhalts hervor. Seine lyrische Gestaltung grog von der festen Position des Humanismus aus. Er machte sich auf die Suche nach dem Ich, das die Suche nach einem reinen Menschentum, nach Liebe und Scho¨nheit war. Er hat schließlich einen Weg zuru¨ckgelegt, der ihn zum Ziel einer bewußten humanistischen Aussage fu¨hren sollte. In Hessescher Lyrik wurden jedoch die konkreten Ursachen der Widerspru¨che in der Welt nicht genannt. Ihm fehlte auch die Erkenntnis der gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhange. Man kann darin die Grenzen der Lyrik Hesses sehen, Als tiefste Ursache fur solche Grenzen ist seine idealistische Weltanschauung zu nennen, die den Widerspruch zwischen Ideal und Wirklichkeit als solchen grundsa¨tzlicher Natur empfindet und nicht als Widerspiegelung eines gesellschaftlich zwiespa¨lti$en Seins. Hermann Hesse hat mit großer Aufrichtigkeit gerungen um die Verwirklichung des Humanita¨tsideals, um die Rettung der Kunst innerhalb der bu¨rgerlichen Gesellschaft, aus deren Schoße doch dieses Ideal hervorgegangen war. Der wesentliche Inhalt Hessescher Lyrik ist shließlich ein echt menschliches Anliegen : die Suche each dem Sinn des Lebens, die Sehnsucht nach innerer Harmonie, nach Scho¨nheit und Liebe.

Purification and Characterization of a Fibrinolytic Enzyme from Snake Venom of Macrovipera lebetina turanica

권기록,최석호,박도일,이승배 대한약침학회 2011 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.14 No.2

Objectives: Fibrinolytic enzyme preparations were isolated from the snake venom of Macrovipera lebetica turanica in this study. Methods: The purity of the preparations was determined using SDS-PAGE and the enzymic characteristics of the purified fibrinolytic enzyme were determined. Results:1. All of the two preparations with fibrinolytic activity obtained from the snake venom of M. l. turanicat contained the major polypeptide with the molecular weight of 27,500. One of the preparation showed purified fibrinolytic enzyme. 2. The purified fibrinolytic enzyme hydrolyzed α-chain of fibrinogen faster than β-chain but not γ-chain. 3. The fibrinolytic activity was inhibited completely by EDTA, EGTA, 1,10-phenanthroline, and dithiothreitol. 4. The fibrinolytic activity was inhibited completely by calcium chloride, iron(III) chloride, mercuric chloride, and cobalt (II) chloride. 5. The fibrinolysis zone formed after addition of zinc sulfate was smaller but clearer than the control. Conclusions: These results suggested that the fibrinolytic enzyme purifed from the snake venom of M. l turanica was a metalloprotease containing dithiol group.

Identification and Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Mountain Cultivated Ginseng and Mountain Wild Ginseng

권기록,박원필,강원모,전은이,장준혁 사단법인약침학회 2011 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.4 No.2

Ginseng is one of the most widely used herbal medicines in the world. Wild ginseng is thought to be more effective than cultivated ginseng in chemoprevention; however,little has been reported on the differences between wild and cultivated ginseng. In the present study we used suppressive subtractive hybridization to identify wild ginseng-specific genes. One of the clones isolated in this screen was the NRT2gene (designated pNRT2), a high-affinity nitrate transporter. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results showed that pNRT2 expression was significantly upregulated in wild ginseng compared with cultivated ginseng. However,pNRT2 mRNA levels were similar between mountain cultivated ginseng and mountain wild ginseng. Nitrate is an important nitrogen source for plant growth, and its soil levels can vary in wild environments; thus it is conceivable that pNRT2 expression is upregulated in wild ginseng and may be an important marker of wild ginseng.

Case Series of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Mountain Ginseng Pharmacopuncture

권기록,김현도,김정선,유화승,조종관 사단법인약침학회 2011 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.4 No.1

This study aims to observe the efficacy of mountain Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) pharmacopuncture (MGP) on cancer patients using different delivery methods of acupoint injection and intravenous infusion. Six non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who met the eligibility criteria were observed. Two patients were continuously infused with MGP (20 mL/day) intravenously, and the other two patients were injected with MGP (10 mL/day) on acupoint LU1 bi-lateral continuously. The remaining two patients received MGP therapy using both methods of delivery. Results were followed by computed tomography (CT) after every cycle; each cycle lasted for 28 days. Two patients infused intravenously showed stable disease and two patients injected on LU1 showed progressive disease. Two patients treated using both methods showed stable disease during the intravenous infusion period and progressive disease during the intraacupuncture injection period. One patient showed progressive disease in the latest chest CT in spite of receiving MGP intravenous infusion. We suggested that MGP may be more effective when used as an intravenous infusion rather than acupoint injection in NSCLC patients.

질병의 경과와 예후 판별에 대한 제언

권기록,Kwon, Ki-Rok 대한약침학회 2008 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.11 No.1

Objectives : This study was designed to make beneficial proposal for clinical application on some of the most common disorders treated by Oriental medicine by analyzing treatment process and prognosis. Methods : Number of peculiar attributes pertaining to a specific disorder were analyzed and based on those attributes, patterns associated with process and prognosis were interpreted in reference with classical literatures. Results : 1. Factors which can influence the progression and prognosis include time of onset, intensity of symptoms, course of passage, effects of risk factors, condition of the patient's righteous qi(正氣), accuracy of differential diagnosis made by the practitioner, accuracy of treatment methods, and other unexpected external influences. 2. Correlation between the condition of disorders and treatment progression is closely associated with proper treatment procedures and performances. The time of onset and intensity play critical roles in the treatment process and prognosis and showed pattern tendency with mutual interactions. 3. When there is complication of various disorders, it is ideal to give priority to more urgent illness and take care of moderate illness later. If there isn't any correlation between disorders, treat them in the order of acute to chronic disorders. The approach is reversed when disorders are related, treating in the order of most chronic to most acute. 4. In a case of complication of various disorders, depending on the disorder being acute or chronic, intensity, and accuracy of treatments, either a domino effect or gradual fade out of symptoms were witnessed. 5. The concept of "Five Evils Theory" according to Nan Jing(Difficult Classic) is essential in grasping disease progression due to interrelationships between zangfu organs. Conclusions : Predicting of disease process and prognosis for vast array of disorders treated by Oriental medicine is a very difficult task, yet evaluating the disorder's peculiar properties and influential factors resulted in few principles which can be effectively applied into clinical applications.

Sweet BV 시술 후 발생한 과민반응 환자의 증례보고

권기록,강계성,이광호,임청산,정희선,권혜연,Kwon, Ki-Rok,Kang, Kye-Sung,Lee, Kwang-Ho,Lim, Chung-San,Jeong, Hee-Sun,Kwon, Hae-Yon 대한약침학회 2009 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.12 No.2

Objectives : Sweet bee venom(SBV) is pure melittin, the main component of bee venom, made by removing another components through gel filtration chromatography and propionic acid/urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In the using SBV, 2 patients were experienced anaphylaxis by SBV. So, we reported the process of anaphylaxis and consider these situation. Methods : We observed 2 patients suffered from anaphylaxis after treated with SBV in the Korean Medical Hospital, Sangji University. Results : Though SBV was removed allergen from bee venom, it is not possible to complete prevention of anaphylactic shock in the clinics. So, Korean medical doctor using BV or SBV must be prepare the system consider a countermeasure by anaphylaxis.

Anticancer effect of mountain ginseng Pharmacopuncture to the nude mouse of lung carcinoma induced by NCI-H460 human non-small cell lung cancer cells

권기록 대한약침학회 2010 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.13 No.1

Objectives : This study was performed to examine the anticancer effect of mountain ginseng Pharmacopuncture(MGP) to the nude mouse of lung carcinoma induced by NCI-H460 human nonsmall lung cancer cells. Methods : Human lung cancer (NCI-H460) cells were cultured and applied to evaluate anti-tumor activity in nude mice. After confirmed tumor growth in mice, MGP was treated per 0.1ml/kg dose to intraperitoneal and intravenous injection everyday for four weeks. And checked the changes in body weights, tumor volume, mean survival time and percent, increase in life span, histo-pathological findings, organ weights, and blood chemistry levels. Results : The results of in vivo study showed that MGP may have potential as growth inhibitor of solid tumor induced NCI-H460 without marked side effects. MGP inhibited dosage-dependently the growth of NCI-H460 cell-transplanted solid tumor compared with the control group. And mean survival time of MGP treated group was prolonged comparing with control group. Generally the group of intravenous injection is more effective than intraperitoneal injection. Conclusion : These results were suggested that MGP may be a useful anticancer agent for therapy of human lung cancer. And follow study need for the certain evidence. Objectives : This study was performed to examine the anticancer effect of mountain ginseng Pharmacopuncture(MGP) to the nude mouse of lung carcinoma induced by NCI-H460 human nonsmall lung cancer cells. Methods : Human lung cancer (NCI-H460) cells were cultured and applied to evaluate anti-tumor activity in nude mice. After confirmed tumor growth in mice, MGP was treated per 0.1ml/kg dose to intraperitoneal and intravenous injection everyday for four weeks. And checked the changes in body weights, tumor volume, mean survival time and percent, increase in life span, histo-pathological findings, organ weights, and blood chemistry levels. Results : The results of in vivo study showed that MGP may have potential as growth inhibitor of solid tumor induced NCI-H460 without marked side effects. MGP inhibited dosage-dependently the growth of NCI-H460 cell-transplanted solid tumor compared with the control group. And mean survival time of MGP treated group was prolonged comparing with control group. Generally the group of intravenous injection is more effective than intraperitoneal injection. Conclusion : These results were suggested that MGP may be a useful anticancer agent for therapy of human lung cancer. And follow study need for the certain evidence.

Identification of Fel ursi and Cattle and Pig Bile Juices by speciesspecific PCR and PCR-RFLP

권기록,백승일,최석호,Kwon, Ki-Rok,Baek, Seung-Il,Choi, Suk-Ho KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2009 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.12 No.1

Objective : This study developed species-specific PCR and PCR-RFLP to detect the adulteration of Fel ursi products with cattle and pig bile juices. Methods : All the primers for PCR and PCR-RFLP in this study were designed based on nucleotide sequences of cytochrome b genes in the mitochondria. Results : The species-specific PCR amplified a DNA fragment of 214, 214, 295, and 167 bp from Fel ursi product, bear fur, cattle bile juice, and pig bile juice, respectively. The survey using the speciesspecific PCR indicated that some of commercial Fel ursi products were adulterated with cattle and pig bile juices. PCR-RFLP using the restriction endonucleases, HaeIII and HinfI enabled differentiation among Fel ursi product, cattle bile juice, and pig bile juice. Bear furs from two animals showed variations in PCR-RFLP patterns with HaeIII. Discussion : The detection methods of the species-specific PCR and PCR-RFLP could be useful in eliminating adulterated Fel ursi products from the market.

The Study on Acute·Subacute Toxicity of Juglandis Semen Herbal-acupuncture(JsD).

권기록,강계성 대한약침학회 2001 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.4 No.3

ObjectiveThis study was purposed to investigate the acute·subacute toxicity of Herbal acupuncture with Juglandis Semen(JsD) in mice and rats. MethodsBalb/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with JsD for LD50 and acute toxicity test. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with JsD for subacute toxicity test. ResultsThe results obtained were summarized as follows;1. LD50 was uncountable as could not find the expired of treat group. 2. The clinical signs and body weight changes of mice treated with 0.2cc, 0.4cc JsD were not affected during the acute toxicity test. 3. In acute toxicity test of serum biochemical values of mice, total protein was increased in treat-1 group, compared with normal group, and total cholesterol was increased in treat-2 group, compared with normal group.(P<0.05)4. In subacute toxicity test, main toxic syndrome was not found. 5. The body weight was decreased in treat-2 group, compared with normal group and relative liver weight was decreased in treat-1, 2 group, compared with normal group in subacute toxicity test.(P<0.05)6. In subacute toxicity test, WBC, MCH, MCHC were decreased in treat-2 group and RBC was increased in treat-2 group, compared with normal group in complete blood count test.(P<0.05)7. In subacute toxicity test, treat groups were not changed serum biochemical values of rats, compared with noraml group.(P<0.05)ConclusionsAccording to the results, Herbal-acupuncture with Juglandis Semen caused no toxicity.

A Report on the Manufacturing Process of Korean Herbal Acupuncture Prepared with KGMP

권기록,강대인 대한약침학회 2001 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.4 No.1

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