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3차원 안면자동인식기(3D-FARA)의 Hardware 오차분석
곽창규,조용범,손은혜,유정희,고병희,김종원,김규곤,이의주,Kwak, Chang-Kyu,Cho, Yong-Beum,Sohn, Eun-Hae,Yoo, Jung-Hee,Kho, Byung-Hee,Kim, Jong-Won,Kim, Kyu-Kon,Lee, Eui-Ju 사상체질의학회 2006 사상체질의학회지 Vol.18 No.3
1. Objectives We are going to develope 3D Face Recognition Apparatus to analyse the facial characteristics of the Sasangin. In the process, we should identify a Hardware Error Analysis of this Apparatus. 2. Methods We verified The resolution, the repetition ability, the Flatness and the Cylindericity of 3D Face Recognition Apparatus by measuring a triangular pyramid, an exact square pillar and a cylinder. 3. Results and Conclusions In this test, The resolution of 3D-FARA was $0.0368mm{\times}0.0594mm{\times}0.2748mm(X{\times}Y{\times}Z)$, the repetition ability was 0.1187mm, the Flatness was 0.17188mm. the Flatness of triangular pyramid was 1.39034mm and the Cylindericity of cylinder was 3.1306mm. In conclusion, If we use 3D-FARA, It is necessary to complement the site of top of the nose and the outline of face, which is likely to occur hardware error, by using software invention or attaching the Land mark to subject.
사상인(四象人) 체질병증(體質病證)중 표병(表病)과 리병(裏病)의 개념규정에 대한 연구
곽창규,손은혜,이의주,고병희,송일병,Kwak, Chang-Kyu,Sohn, Eun-Hae,Lee, Eui-Ju,Koh, Byung-Hee,Song, Il-Byung 사상체질의학회 2004 사상체질의학회지 Vol.16 No.1
Objectives This paper was tried to find out Dongmu Lee Je-ma's concept about the exterior disease and the interior disease. Methods The study was researched as bibliologically with Dongmu Lee Je-ma's writings such as "Dongyi Suse Bowon Sasang Chobongyun", "Dongyi Suse Bowon" written in 1894, "Dongyi Suse Bowon" published in 1901 Results and Conclusion The conclusions were as follows 1. In Dongmu Lee Je-ma's book, There are no clear definition about the concept of the exterior disease and the interior disease. 2. At Dongmu's early works, the exterior disease and the interior disease were classified by the cause and the region of a disease. On the other hand, That wewe reclassified by the characteristic of Constitutional symptoms at "Dongyi Suse Bowon" published in 1901 3. In Dongmu Lee Je-ma's concept, If men is damaged the exterior Qi(表氣), he will be sick 'he exterior disease'. The other hand, If men is damaged the interior Qi(裏氣), he will be sick 'the interior disease'.
곽창규,조용범,손은혜,유정희,고병희,김종원,김규곤,이의주,Kwak, Chang-Kyu,Cho, Yong-Beum,Sohn, Eun-Hae,Yoo, Jung-Hee,Kho, Byung-Hee,Kim, Jong-Won,Kim, Kyu-Kon,Lee, Eui-Ju 사상체질의학회 2006 사상체질의학회지 Vol.18 No.2
1. Objectives We are going to develope 3D Face Recognition Apparatus to analyse the facial characteristics of the Sasangin. In the process, we should identify the recognition rate of the three dimensional position using this Apparatus. 2. Methods We took a photograph of calibrator($280{\times}400mm$) with interval of 20mm longitudinal direction of 10 times using 3D Face Recognition Apparatus. In the practice, we obtained 967 point to the exclusion of points deviating from the visual field of dual camera. And we made a comparison between measurement values and three dimensional standard values to calculate the errors. 3. Results and Conclusions In this test, the average error rate of X axis values was 0.019% and the maximum error rate of X axis values was 0.033%, the average error rate of Y axis values was 0.025% and the maximum error rate of Y axis values was 0.044%, the average error rate of Z axis values was 0.158% and the maximum error rate of Z axis values was 0.269%. This results exhibit much improvement upon the average error rate 1% and the maximum error rate 2.242% of the existing 3D Recognition Apparatus. In conclusion, we assessed that this apparatus was adaptable to abstract the facial characteristic point from three dimensional face shape in the mechanical aspects.
3차원 안면자동분석 사상체질진단기의 Hardware 오차분석
곽창규,석재화,송정훈,김현진,황민우,유정희,고병희,김종원,이의주,Kwak, Chang-Kyu,Seok, Jae-Hwa,Song, Jung-Hoon,Kim, Hyun-Jin,Hwang, Min-Woo,Yoo, Jung-Hee,Kho, Byung-Hee,Kim, Jong-Won,Lee, Eui-Ju 사상체질의학회 2007 사상체질의학회지 Vol.19 No.2
1. Objectives Sasang Contitutional Medicine, a part of the traditional Korean medical lore, treats illness through a constitutional typing system that categorizespeople into four constitutional types. A few of the important criteria for differentiating the constitutional types are external appearances, inner state of mind, and pathological patterns. We had been developing a 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus (3D-AFRA) in order to evaluate the external appearances with more objectivity. This apparatus provides a 3D image and numerical data on facial configuration, and this study aims to evaluate the mechanical accuracy of the 3D-AFRA hardware. 2. Methods Several objects of different shapes (cube, cylinder, cone, pyramid) were each scanned 10 times using the 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus (3D-AFRA). The results were then compared and analyzed with data retrieved through a laser scanner known for its high accuracy. The error rates were analyzed for each grid point of facial contour scanned with Rapidform2006 (Rapidform2006 is a 3D scanning software that collects grid point data for contours of various products and products and product parts through 3D scanners and other 3D measuring devices; the grid point data thusly acquired is then used to reconstruct highly precise polygon and curvature models). 3. Results and Conclusions The average error rate was 0.22mm for the cube, 0.22mm for the cylinder, 0.125mm for the cone, and 0.172mm for the pyramid. The visual data comparing error rates for measurement figures retrieved with Rapidform2006 is shown in $Fig.3{\sim}Fig.6$. Blue tendency indicates smaller error rates, while red indicates greater error rates The protruding corners of the cube display red, indicating greater error rates. The cylinder shows greater error rates on the edges. The pyramid displays greater error rates on the base surface and around the vertex. The cone also shows greater error around the protruding edge.
곽창규,손은혜,이의주,고병희,송일병,황욱,Kwak, Chang-Kyu,Sohn, Eun-Hae,Lee, Eui-Ju,Koh, Byung-Hee,Song, Il-Byung,Hwang, Wook 사상체질의학회 2004 사상체질의학회지 Vol.16 No.3
1. Objectives This paper is intended to find out Sasang Constitutional difference on Autonomous Function after Acupuncture stimulation in healthy subjects. 2. Methods of Research Nineteen healthy volunteers(Soyangin 6, Taeumin 7, Soeumin 6) had acupunctured perpendicularly into the Hapkok point(LI4) and the Taechung point(Liv3). Heart Rate Variability, Mean Heart Rate and Blood Pressure were checked 4 times(before and after Acupuncture stimulation) to evaluate Autonomous Function. 3. Results & Conclusions The conclusions were as follows 1. There was no statistically significant Sasang Constitutional difference on sympathetic activity and parasympathetic activity before Acupuncture stimulation. 2. Acupuncture stimulation caused a statistically significant increase in the parasympathetic activity in the whole subject. 3. After Acupuncture stimulation, there was a statistically significant increase in the parasympathetic activity in Soeumin and a tendency of increase in the parasympathetic activity in Soyangin. But there was a tendency of increase in the Sympathetic activity in Taeumin.
사상체질분류검사지(QSCC II)의 Upgrade 연구 (II) - 사상체질분류검사지(QSCC II)의 재타당화 연구 -
곽창규,이의주,고병희,송일병,이상규,Kwak, Chang-Kyu,Lee, Eui-Ju,Ko, Byung-Hee,Song, Il-Byung,Lee, Sang-Gyu 사상체질의학회 2003 사상체질의학회지 Vol.15 No.1
1. The purpose of study The problem lies in the Sasang-constitutional-medicine is a subjectiveness of diagnosis that can be varied by every donor. Questionnare for the Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCCII) was invented to solve this problem. This study was conducted for two purpose. The one is re-value the QSCCII. The other is to make a basis to upgrade QSCCII. 2. The method of study QSCCII was administered to 537 patients at Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Hospital. Data was collected during 19 months from september 2000 to march 2002. For the purpose of this study, the collected data was analyzed by crosstabs, variation analysis and discrimination analysis. The analyzing program was SPSS 8.0 for Windows. And using this program I made the judgmental equation to re-value the QSCCII. 3. The result of study 1) not applied intensifying value The diagnostic discrimination abilities of the QSCCII is 61.5% about Taeyangin, 57.7% about Soyangin, 67.2% about Taeumin, 68.8% about Soemin. And its average is 65.0%. 2) applied intensifying value The diagnostic discrimination abilities of the QSCCII is 76.9% about Taeyangin, 59.9% about Soyangin, 68.9% about Taeumin, 71.2% about Soemin. And its average is 67.3%. 3) I propose a new diagnostic possibility with a different discriminant analysis and increase 42.3% of diagnostic discrimination ability considering 25% of accident diagnostic discrimination ability. 4) Development and complement of Taeyangin and Soyangin questions is needed to increase the accuracy of diagnosis.
Online Participation Tools and Citizen Participation: Case of Local Governments in the United States
곽창규,황희영 한국재정정책학회 2019 財政政策論集 Vol.21 No.4
This study aims to examine the utility of online participation tools in local budget process. Focusing on the online-based participation tools, we develop a model to test how the online participation tools to reduce barriers in citizen participation. Analytic findings demonstrate that the use of online participation tools significantly enhances the level of citizen participation in local budgeting. Also, the findings provide an important contribution to filling the missing links between citizen participation theory and practice.