Hypotonic hyponatremia by primary polydipsia caused brain death in a 10-year-old boy

고아라,김수정,정모경,김기은,채현욱,김덕희,김호성,권아름 대한소아내분비학회 2015 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.20 No.3

Hypotonic hyponatremia by primary polydipsia can cause severe neurologic complications due to cerebral edema. A 10-year-and-4-month-old boy with a psychiatric history of intellectual disability and behavioral disorders who presented with chief complaints of seizure and mental change showed severe hypotonic hyponatremia with low urine osmolality (serum sodium, 101 mmol/L; serum osmolality, 215 mOsm/kg; urine osmolality, 108 mOsm/kg). The patient had been polydipsic for a few months prior, and this had been worse in the previous few days. A diagnosis of hypotonic hyponatremia caused by primary polydipsia was made. The patient was in a coma, and developed respiratory arrest and became brain death shortly after admission, despite the treatment. The initial brain magnetic resonance imaging showed severe brain swelling with tonsillar and uncal herniation, and the patient was declared as brain death. It has been reported that antidiuretic hormone suppression is inadequate in patients with chronic polydipsia, and that this inadequate suppression of antidiuretic hormone is aggravated in patients with acute psychosis. Therefore, hyponatremia by primary polydipsia, although it is rare, can cause serious and life-threatening neurologic complications.

금강 상류 유역의 저수지 홍수저감지수 산정

고아라,이효상 한국방재학회 2011 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.11 No.5

Dams and reservoirs have been charged as important flood protection structures; likewise, attenuation effects of flooding have been highlighted due to recent climate change. However, it is difficult to generalize effects of flood attenuation by reservoirs in catchment scale because the flood attenuation index has not yet been used in Korea. This study estimates Reservoirs Flood Attenuation Index (RFAI) for catchment based on 739 reservoirs in 15 upper Geumgang catchments. The RFAI employs the method of Flood Attenuation by Reservoir and Lakes index (FARL), Flood Estimation Handbook, UK. All hydrological data for RFAI are provided by Water Management Information System (WAMIS) and Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). The value of RFAI range from 0.859 to 0.990; The Jincheon catchment with the lowest RFAI values (0.859) shows the highest attenuation effects in study catchments, while the Sangjocheon has 0.990 which indicates the low influence of attenuation effects. Yeongdong catchment is examined for the effects of built of large reservoir on RFAI; The RFAI is changed 0.894 from 0.980 due to the built of Yongdam Dam, which was constructed in 2001. In this study RFAI is shown as an useful index in assessing flood characteristics for catchment managements. 최근 기후변화 등으로 인하여 홍수의 위험이 증대되고 있고, 이에 대한 대비로 홍수조절을 위한 댐 및 저수지 등의 역할이 강조되고 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 유역 내 중소규모의 저수지등에 의한 홍수저감효과에 대한 지수가 제시되어있지 않아, 이의 객관적인 비교가 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 국내 유역의 저수지 홍수저감효과를 지수화한 유역특성인자의 산정을 위하여, 영국의 홍수량산정방법(Flood Estimation Handbook)의 저수지 및 호수의 홍수저감지수를 금강 상류 15개의 소규모 유역(총 739개의 저수지를 대상)에 적용하였다. 이를 위하여 국가수자원관리포탈(WAMIS)의 유역의 자료, 소재 저수지 제원, 유역수문자료 등을 바탕으로 저수지 홍수저감지수를 산정하였다. 대상 유역의 홍수저감지수는 0.859~0.990의 분포를 보이고 있으며 저수지에 의한 홍수저감효과가 가장 큰 유역은 진천 유역이다. 영동유역을 대상으로 2001년에 완공된 용담댐의 준공 전후의 홍수저감지수를 산정한 결과 준공 전 -0.98에서 준공 후-0.894로 산정되어 지수반영 효과를 확인 하였다. 향후 국내 유역의 홍수저감 특성인자로 활용가능성이 높음을 확인 하였다.

<상태>류 속담의 의미구조 유형 연구

고아라 국어문학회 2013 국어문학 Vol.54 No.-

본고는 속담이 발현되는 과정에 포함된 형식과 의미 간의 관련성을 파악하기 위하여 개념주의자적 의미론을 이론적 토대로 삼았다 개념주의자적으로 문장의 의미 구조를 분석하면 최상위 의미/개념 목록이 나오는데, 이것에 의하여 속담을 분류하면 크게 <사건>류, <상태>류, <대상>류 속담 유형이 있음을 제시하였다. 그 중에서 <상태>류 속담이 가지는 최상위 의미/개념 목록의 구조가 다른 유형의 속담에 비하여 다양하게 나타남을 장에서 제시하였다 또한 장에서는 <상태>류 속담의 최상위 의미 개념의 구조에 따라 <상태>류 속담을 <상태>형 속담, <상태{사건}>형 속담, <상태{대상}>형 속담으로 분류하였다. 본고의 중심 논의가 되는 2장에서는 <상태>류 속담의 하위 유형의 전형적인 속담들을 제시한 후 최상위 의미/개념 목록에 해당하는 속담의 서술부에 대해 고찰하였다 또한 본격적으로 개념주의자적 의미론의 방법으로 각 유형의 속담을 분석하여 각각의 특징을 논항들과의 연결성을 중심으로 살펴보고 그를 통해 각 속담의 의미와 기능이 어떻게 발현되는지를 살폈다. 요컨대, 이 연구를 통해서 속담을 관용의미가 아닌 직설표현이 기준이 되어 분류할 수 있음을 살필 수 있었다 또한 속담의 직설의미의 의미 구조를 통해 속담의 관용의미와 속담의 기능과 어떻게 연결되는지 분석이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. This article made conceptualist semantics as theoretical foundation, in order to apprehend relativeness between the form and the meaning of proverb, during its manifestation. If semantic structure of proverb is analyzed with conceptualist point of view, there are uppermost semantic/concept lists, and if the proverbs are classified with these lists, this article suggests that the proverbs could be classified into <event> category, <state> category and <object> category in general. The chapter 1 suggests that among those category of proverbs, the <state> category of proverbs’ uppermost semantic/concept list has more diversity in structure than the other category of proverbs. In the 1st chapter, the <state> category of proverbs were classified into <state> type, <state{event}> type and <state{object}> type according to the uppermost semantic/concept structure of the <state> category of proverbs. In the chapter 2 which is the main discussion of this article, the subtype typical proverbs of the <state> category proverbs has been presented and then analyzed describing part of the proverb in the uppermost semantic/concept list. Also, each type of proverbs has been analyzed with conceptualist semantics approach, analyzing the connections between each characteristic with the arguments, and studies to find how the meaning and function of proverbs are manifested. In short, it has been found that the proverbs can be classified not with the idiomatic meanings but with straightforward expression throughout this research. Also, it has been found that how the idiomatic meaning connects with the function of proverbs through the straight forward expressions’s semantic structure.

금강 상류 중·소규모 유역의 홍수 위험 평가

고아라,김성덕,박상덕,이효상 위기관리 이론과 실천 2013 Crisisonomy Vol.9 No.2

중·소규모 유역의 홍수 위험도 평가는 관측 홍수량 자료의 부족으로 여전히 어려운 문제로 남아있다. 본 연구에서는 금강 대청댐상류 및 미호천의 16개 중·소규모 유역을 대상으로 2002-2011년 기간의 관측 첨두홍수량 자료와 유역의 유역특성인자와의 관계식을 제시하고 이를 바탕으로 홍수 위험 평가 방안을 제시한다. 유역의 면적, 평균표고, 수계밀도, 형상계수, CN2007, SAAR, FARL을 상관관계분석 및 수문학적인 고려를 통하여 대표 유역특성인자로 선정하였다. 선형회귀 관계식 추정 시 자료의 활용성을 높이기 위하여 잭나이프 방법(Jackknife method)을 적용하였으며 모든 유역에서 가장 좋은 모형성능을 보이는 관계식을 선정하여 16개의 유역의 위험홍수량을 산정하였다. 이를 2002년-2011년의 관측홍수량과 비교한 결과 16개 중 5개의 유역이 5%이내의 오차율을 보였으며 그 중 3개의 유역은 2%이내의 오차율을 나타냈다. 또한 산계유역을 대상으로 선정된 관계식의 적용성을 평가한 결과 오차율이 0.5%로 관계식의 우수한 성능을 확인하였다. 대상 유역의 5개 유역에서 최근 설계홍수량을 초과하는 홍수를 경험하였으며, 본 연구에서 제시한 홍수 위험도 평가에서 이를 충분히 반영하고 있다. 본 연구는 향후 중·소규모 유역의 홍수 위험 평가 및 관리의 기초자료로서 활용할 수 있다.

일제강점기 경성 ‘하수개수’ 사업의 시행과 물리적 도시공간변화 연구

고아라,양승우 도시사학회 2022 도시연구 Vol.- No.30

본 연구는 서울역사도심의 도시공간구조에 큰 변화를 가져왔던 경성 ‘하수개수’ 사업의 공사기록을 근대지도에 실증하여 가시화하고 살펴봄으로써 경성 ‘하수개수’ 사업의 시행방향 및 방식이 갖는 의미와 변화특성을 확인하였다. 일제강점과 근대도시화라는 사회적 국면에 의해 시행된 경성 ‘하수개수’ 사업은 경성이 갖는 특수한 도시지리적 특성에 따른 도시구조적 한계로 일관되고 총체적으로 진행되지 못하였다. 경성은 일제하 다른 식민지에 비해 도시개조가 어려운 자연지리구조를 가졌다. 내사산과 연결되어 미세혈관처럼 형성된 도시 물길은 총체적인 도로개수 및 ‘하수개수’를 어려움에 빠뜨렸다. 총체적이고 일관된 도시개조를 요구하는 시대적 국면에도 불구하고 특수한 도시구조아래 한정된 예산과 기술력의 한계는 공사시기의 지연과 함께 공사계획과 기간, 공사방식 등을 변화시켰다. 경성1기 ‘하수개수’ 공사(1918~1924)는 일본인 거주지 중심으로 소규모로 시행되었다. 정치적 의도와 목적에 따라 공사위치가 결정되었고, 물길의 지리구조적 특성을 고려하여 공사방식(개거와 암거방식)과 공사규모(공사구간)가 결정되었다. 경성1기 ‘하수개수’ 공사는 청계천 이남 총독부 부근과 일본인 상업지역을 우선으로 대부분 암거방식으로 진행되었다. 경성1기 후반에는 청계천 이북 북촌지역도 공사가 시행되었는데 경복궁과 창덕・창경궁 양 궁궐사이에 입지한 다수의 학교 및 교육시설에의 접근성, 전차노선 연장 등이 이유로 작용했다. 경성2기 ‘하수개수’ 공사(1925~1931)는 조선총독부가 이전한 경복궁 인근지역을 중심으로 시행되었다. 조선총독부 이전에 따라 경복궁 서측지역이 빠르게 시가화되고 이 지역에 흐르던 백운동천 물길의 개수가 강력하게 요구되었다. 경성2기 ‘하수개수’ 공사에서 백운동천은 경성 내 가장 크고 긴 물줄기임에도 불구하고 암거방식으로 공사가 시행되었다. 그 외에 총독부의원과 경성제국대학 등 동북부지역의 관립학교 건립을 중심으로 하는 흥덕동천의 개거공사, 경성운동장과 장충단공원을 중심으로 하는 남소문동천의 개거공사가 시행되었다. ‘하수개수’ 공사위치와 공사방식을 통해 일제강점 통치시설 중심의 힘과 권력이 실현되는 모습을 확인할 수 있다. 경성3기(1933~1936), 경성4기(1937~1943) ‘하수개수’ 공사는 모두 암거방식으로 진행되었다. 경성3기, 경성4기의 공사기록 한계로 1936년 근대지도 대경성부대관 을 활용하여 도시공간 내 물길과 복개도로의 현황과 특징을 파악하였다. 경성3기 ‘하수개수’ 공사 직후인 1936년 경성은 청계천 본천을 비롯하여 백운동천 상류지역, 삼청동천, 흥덕동천 일부구간과 남소문동천 일부구간이 복개되지 않은 상태로 남아있었으며 이는 하천의 지리특성에 기초한다. 경성 도시지리구조의 특수성은 총체적 근대도시 공간개조의 대단한 걸림돌이었다. 하수로로 활용되었던 미세하고 촘촘하게 연결된 도시 물길은 복개되어 도로의 모습으로 변화하는데 오랜시간과 노력이 필요했다. 근대도시의 더러운 하수도로만 치부되었던 도시 내 자연 하천은 경성 ‘하수개수’ 사업을 통해 개수되었고 현재 서울 역사도심의 도시공간구조 및 도로형태, 하수관거의 기틀이 되었다. 서울 역사도심 공간구조의 형성과 변화에 일제강점기 경성 ‘하수개수’ 사업의 시행이 있으며, 시행과 변화특성을... This study interpreted the meaning and changes in urban spatial structure of Gyeong-seong Sewage Works by reproducing construction records of Gyeong-seong Sewage Works, which brought about a big change in the urban spatial structure of downtown Seoul. The Gyeong-seong Sewage Works, implemented by the strength of Japanese colonial rule and the social phase of modern urbanization, was partially carried out for a long time due to urban structural limitations according to special urban geographical characteristics of Gyeong-seong. Gyeong-seong was in a situation where urban renovation was more difficult than other colonies under the Japanese colonial rule. Due to the city's waterways connected like naturally formed microvascular systems, it was difficult to perform total road renovation and 'sewage renovation'. Despite the era of rapid and total urban renovation, the limited budget and technical limitations of the special urban structure base changed the construction period, construction plan, and construction method. The Gyeong-seong 1st period of Sewage Improvement Works (1918-1924) was implemented on a small scale, focusing on Japanese residences. The location of the construction was determined according to the political intention and purpose. The construction method (opening and reclamation method) and the size of the construction (construction section) were determined in consideration of geographical structural characteristics of the waterway. Most construction of Gyeong-seong 1st Sewage Treatment Works were carried out in a dark way, focusing on the vicinity of the Governor-General south of Cheong-gye Stream and the Japanese commercial area. In the second half of the Gyeong-seong 1st period, construction was also carried out in the Bukchon area north of Cheong-gye Stream due to accessibility to a number of schools and educational facilities located between Gyeong-bok Palace and Chang-deok and Chang-gyeong Palace. The construction of the Gyeong-seong 2nd period of Sewerage Improvement Works (1925-1931) was carried out around the area near Gyeong-bok Palace, which was relocated by Governor-General of Joseon. With relocation of the Joseon Governor-General, the western part of Gyeong-bok Palace was quickly urbanized and the number of Baek-un-dong Stream flowing in this area was strongly demanded. In the construction of the Gyeong-seong 2nd period of Sewage Improvement, Baek-un-dong Stream was carried out in an underground method, although it was the largest and longest water stream in Gyeong-seong. In addition, construction of Heung-deok-dong Stream centered on the construction of government schools in the northeast (such as the Governor-General's Council and Gyeong-seong Imperial University) and the construction of Nam-so-mun-dong Stream centered on Gyeong-seong Stadium and Jang-chung-dan Park were carried out. Through the location and method of the “sewerage” construction, it could be seen that the power centered on Japanese colonial governance facilities was realized. The construction of Gyeong-seong 3rd period (1933-1936), Gyeong-seong 4th period (1937-1943), and Sewerage was all carried out with a dark method. Construction records of Gyeong-seong 3rd and Gyeong-seong 4th periods were simply recorded in the Gyeong-seong-bu Civil Engineering Project Overview, including the implementation period, extension of number (length), and construction cost. Due to limitations of records, current status and characteristics of waterways and covered roads in urban spaces were identified using the modern map “Dae-gyeong-seong Bu-gwan” in 1936. In 1936, shortly after the construction of the 3rd Gyeongseong Sewage Works, it was confirmed that Gyeong-seong remained uncovered, including the main stream of Cheong-gye Stream, the upstream area of Baek-un-dong Stream, Sam-cheong-dong Stream, Heung-deok-dong Stream, and some sections of Nam-so-mun-dong Stream. Since then, the main stream of Cheong-gye Stream was covered in the 1970s...

대추분말 첨가가 저지방 소시지의 품질 및 저장성에 미치는 영향

고아라,김광현,진구복 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2016 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.53 No.-

This study was performed to determine the quality characteristics and shelf-life of low-fat boiled or smoked sausages containing oven-dried jujube powder at 0.5 and 1.0%. The addition of jujube powder changed the color to be brighter and more yellow during storage (P<0.05). The low-fat boiled sausages with 1% jujube powder were lower cooking loss than the control sausage or 0.5% jejube sausage (p<0.05), and hardness of low-fat smoked sausages with 0.5% jujube powder were higher than the control sausage (p<0.05). Low-fat sausages did not show any interaction between days and treatments in most parameters (p>0.05). Jujube powder (1%) increased the total plate counts of the low-fat boiled sausages, however, the microbial counts in the smoked sausage were not affected by the jujube powder. Thus, the incorporation of jujube powder into the low-fat sausage mixture affected differently depending on the cooking method, however, the jejube powder changed the color of the sausage, regardless of the cooking method.

한국 근해에 서식하는 고래 피하지방의 층별 지방 함량 및 구성 변화

고아라,주세종,문대연,최석관,김장근,신경훈 한국해양과학기술원 2011 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.33 No.1

Blubber plays different biological roles in cetaceans, including structural support, physiological demands (thermoregulation, streamlining, buoyancy, etc.), and energy storage. As such, biochemical composition, especially lipid, in the blubber may be vertically stratified in order to effectively assist with these functions. We analysed lipid content, class and fatty acid composition in the blubber of by-catch minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata; n = 11), long-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus capensis; n = 3) and Pacific white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obiquidens; n = 2) from Korean waters. Lipid content for all three species ranged from 55 to 96% of wet weight, with a dominance of triacylglycerols. Vertical stratification of blubber lipid content was different between species. For minke whale and longbeaked common dolphin, it increased from inner (near the muscle) to outer (near the skin) layer, whereas it decreased for Pacific white-sided dolphin. Thirty-one fatty acids were found in all blubber samples and vertical stratification of fatty acid composition was similar among all three species. Among grouped fatty acids, monounsaturates were the most abundant, gradually increasing from inner to outer blubber layer, whereas polyunsaturates and saturates decreased. Such vertical stratification of lipid content and composition suggests that the modification and accumulation of lipid occur in the blubber itself in order to help cetaceans with their specific physiological needs.

마이크로네시아 웨노섬의 맹그로브 숲에 서식하는 고둥류 및 집게의 영양원에 대한 이해

고아라,김민섭,주세종 한국해양과학기술원 2013 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.35 No.4

Carbon cycling and productivity within Weno Island of Micronesia enclosed by the coral reef may be likely self-maintained and insignificantly affected by the open ocean. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of the mangrove known as providing the organic matter and habitats for many organisms in this enclosed area. In order to trace the nutritional source of fauna (mostly invertebrates) in the mangrove forest of Weno island, we analyzed the fatty acid (FA) and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of potential nutritional sources (mangrove leaf & pneumatophore, seagrass leaf & root, surface sediment, and particulate organic matter (POM) in water) and consumers (4 gastropods and anomura). The mangrove and seagrass contained the abundance of 18:2ω6, and 18:3ω3, whereas FAs associated with phytoplankton and bacteria were accounted for a high proportion in the surface sediment and POM. FA composition of consumers was found to be similar to those of the surface sediment, mangrove, and seagrass. These were also confirmed through the mixing model of stable isotope for contribution of nutritional sources to consumers. Overall results with the feeding types of investigated mangrove fauna indicate that investigated mangrove fauna obtained their nutrition from the various sources, i.e. the mangrove for Littorina cf. scabra, the microalgae for Strombus sp., and omnivorous Pagurus sp. and Terebralia cf. palustris. However, it is obvious that the nutrition of most species living in the mangrove ecosystem is highly dependent on the mangrove, either directly or indirectly. More detail food-web structure and function of the mangrove ecosystem would be established with the analysis of additional fauna and flora.

북서태평양에서 난수성(Pleuromamma sp.)과 냉수성(Neocalanus plumchrus) 요각류의 지방 함량 및 구성 분석을 통한 생리/생태 비교

고아라,주세종,이창래 한국해양과학기술원 2009 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.31 No.1

In an effort to better understand the physiological and ecological differences between warm and cold water copepod species in Korean waters using lipid contents and compositions, two species of copepods (Pleuromamma sp. as a warm water species and Neocalanus plumchrus as a cold water species) were collected from the Northwest Pacific and East Sea/Sea of Japan, respectively. The cold water species showed two fold higher lipid contents than the warm water species (11% vs. 5% of dry weight). Wax esters, known as one of the major storage lipid classes, were found to be the dominant lipid class (accounting for 64% of total lipids) in the cold water species, whereas, in the warm water species, phospholipids, which are known as membrane components, were the dominant lipid class (accounting for 43% of total lipids),with a trace amount of the storage lipids as a form of triacylglycerols (≤1% of total lipids). With regard to the fatty acid compositions, saturated fatty acids (SAFA), especially 16:0 (about 30% of total fatty acids), were most abundant in the warm water species, whereas the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA : 20:5(n-3)) (≥16% of total fatty acids), were most abundant in the cold water species. Among the neutral fraction of lipids, phytol, originating from the side chain of chlorophyll and indicative of active feeding on phytoplankton, was detected only in the warm water species. Significant quantities of fatty alcohols were detected in cold water species, particularly long-chain monounsaturated fatty alcohols (i.e. 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11)), which are well known to abound in cold water herbivorous copepods. However, only trace amounts of short-chain fatty alcohols were detected in the warm water species. Twelve different kinds of sterols were detected in these copepod species, with cholest-5-en-3β-ol (cholesterol) and cholesta-5, 24-dien-3β-ol (desmosterol) dominating in cold and warm water species, respectively. In addition, for the warm water species (Pleuromamma sp.), we assessed the latitudinal gradients of lipid contents and compositions using samples from three different latitudinal regions (Philippine EEZ, Japan EEZ, and the East China Sea). Although no latitudinal gradients of lipid contents were detected, the lipid compositions, particularly dietary fatty acid markers, varied significantly with the latitude. The findings of this study confirm that the distribution of lipid contents and compositions in copepods may not only indicate their nutritional condition and diet history, but may also provide insights into their living strategies under different environmental conditions (i.e., water temperature, food availability). In an effort to better understand the physiological and ecological differences between warm and cold water copepod species in Korean waters using lipid contents and compositions, two species of copepods (Pleuromamma sp. as a warm water species and Neocalanus plumchrus as a cold water species) were collected from the Northwest Pacific and East Sea/Sea of Japan, respectively. The cold water species showed two fold higher lipid contents than the warm water species (11% vs. 5% of dry weight). Wax esters, known as one of the major storage lipid classes, were found to be the dominant lipid class (accounting for 64% of total lipids) in the cold water species, whereas, in the warm water species, phospholipids, which are known as membrane components, were the dominant lipid class (accounting for 43% of total lipids),with a trace amount of the storage lipids as a form of triacylglycerols (≤1% of total lipids). With regard to the fatty acid compositions, saturated fatty acids (SAFA), especially 16:0 (about 30% of total fatty acids), were most abundant in the warm water species, whereas the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA : 20:5(n-3)) (≥16% of total fatty acids), were most abundant in the cold water species. Among the neutral fraction of lipids, phytol, originating from the side chain of chlorophyll and indicative of active feeding on phytoplankton, was detected only in the warm water species. Significant quantities of fatty alcohols were detected in cold water species, particularly long-chain monounsaturated fatty alcohols (i.e. 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11)), which are well known to abound in cold water herbivorous copepods. However, only trace amounts of short-chain fatty alcohols were detected in the warm water species. Twelve different kinds of sterols were detected in these copepod species, with cholest-5-en-3β-ol (cholesterol) and cholesta-5, 24-dien-3β-ol (desmosterol) dominating in cold and warm water species, respectively. In addition, for the warm water species (Pleuromamma sp.), we assessed the latitudinal gradients of lipid contents and compositions using samples from three different latitudinal regions (Philippine EEZ, Japan EEZ, and the East China Sea). Although no latitudinal gradients of lipid contents were detected, the lipid compositions, particularly dietary fatty acid markers, varied significantly with the latitude. The findings of this study confirm that the distribution of lipid contents and compositions in copepods may not only indicate their nutritional condition and diet history, but may also provide insights into their living strategies under different environmental conditions (i.e., water temperature, food availability).

The Feasibility of Assessing the Diets of Minke Whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in the East Sea through Fatty Acid Composition in Blubber and Stable Isotopic Ratio of Skin

고아라,주세종,최석관,신경훈 한국해양과학기술원 2016 Ocean science journal Vol.51 No.3

To track the diet of minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in the East Sea (Japan Sea), a conjoint analysis of fatty acids and C and N stable isotopes was performed on blubber and skin from the whale and its potential prey. The total lipid content in the blubber of minke whales ranged from 37.9% to 82.7% of wet mass (mean ± SD, 63.1 ± 17.2%), with triacylglycerols being the dominant lipids (96.9%–99.2% of total lipids). The lipid and fatty acid (FA) contents were systematically stratified throughout the depth of the blubber layers; contents of the dominant monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), including 18:1ω9 and 16:1ω7, increased from the innermost layer to the outermost layer, whereas contents of saturated FAs (SFAs) and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) were higher in the innermost layer than in the outermost layer. This stratification is related to the different physiological roles of the blubber layers; e.g., thermoregulation, streaming, and buoyancy. A comparison of the FA compositions of the innermost layer of minke whales with those of potential prey indicates that FA compositions in the whales are similar to those of Pacific herring. In addition, stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) suggest that minke whale and Pacific herring have the same or similar diets. Therefore, the diets of minke whale from the East Sea (Japan Sea) could be inferred from information on the diet of the Pacific herring, although FA compositions and stable isotope ratios for Pacific herring would not exactly reflect the whale’s diet. Although the very limited number of samples was used in this study, our preliminary findings are very promising to help understand the feeding ecology of minke whales in the East Sea (Japan Sea).