‘노르웨이’와 ‘스웨덴’의 성평등정책을 배우다

고강인 부산여성가족과 평생교육진흥원 2020 여성우리 Vol.- No.64

김훈의 『칼의 노래』와 정신분석학의 윤리

고강일(Ko Kang-yl) 한국비평문학회 2008 批評文學 Vol.- No.29

Jacques Lacan read Antigone's burial of her brother against the law as an act based on her 'pure desire.' From Lacan's perspective, Antigone's act is 'ethical' in the sense that it separates the subject from the Symbolic Order. This paper begins with the premise that the readers can identify the same ethical acts in the representation of Yi Sun-shin in Kim Hoon's Song of Sword. In the novel, Yi performs ethical acts which cannot be subsumed into the Symbolic. The paper examines how Yi resists the signifying chain of the Symbolic. In analyzing his subversive acts, my arguments follow the ethics of psychoanalysis that Lacan and Zizek address. It is with the theoretical frames that the paper examines performative mechanism of the power and the symbolic death of the subject. This paper concludes that Song of Sword presents a subject of the Real separated from the Symbolic.

上顎洞에 發生한 良性 粘膜性 囊腫에 關한 放射線學的 硏究

安炯珪,高鋼 大韓顎顔面 放射線學會 1982 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study is to delineate the nature of the occurrence of benign mucosal cysts in a Seoul National University Hospital population by use of orthopantomographs and to help their differentiation from more serious antral diseases. 2143 orthopantomographs were scrutinized for evidence of benign mucosal cyst, and following results were obtained from the study. 1. An incidence of 3.3% was found. 2. The lesions were found in all age groups and their mean age was 35.2 years of age. 3. The incidence was higer in males as compared to females. 4. The majority of lesions were single, unilateral and situated on the floor of the antrum. 5. The size of the lesions varied from 7.2mm x 16.0mm to 40.0mm x 49.5mm and the mean size was 22.9mm x 26.5mm. 6. There was no significant relationship between the occurrence of bengin mucosal cyst and odontogenic factors.

Albers-Schonberg disease의 一例報告

李祥來,朴尙進,高鋼 大韓顎顔面 放射線學會 1977 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.7 No.1

The authors had observed a rare of osteopertrosis from 8 years old male who had complained nasal obstruction at, Department of Dental Radiology, Kyung Hee University. In the serial roentgenograms the following results were revealed. 1. This osteopetrosis was considered to be malignant rather than benign. 2. In the skull, the greatest degree of radiopacity was found in the base. The pituitary fossa appeared to be small and posterior clinoid process revealed clubbing and thickening. 3. In the frontal and nasal bones were slightly enlarged with marked radiopacity and paranasal sinuses were obscured. 4. The maxilla was markedly affected and bony trabeculae were seen to be coarse and thickened but mandibular posterior segment slightly. 5. There were long retardation of the tooth eruption and physiologic resorption of the deciduous teeth, and tooth root revealed stunted and dwarfed appearance in the both jaws. 6. In this case, the thickened alveolar lamina dura was indistinguishable.

정체성의 정치학, 퀴어 정치학, 그리고 미국소설 연구

고강일 ( Ko Kangyl ) 영미문학연구회 2018 안과 밖 Vol.0 No.45

Paying attention to the historical context of the 1980s and 1990s United States, I explore how gay and lesbian civil rights movement derived its ideological inspiration from the idea of identity politics. This essay also examines how the discourse of identity politics has fueled gay and lesbian criticism in American novel studies. In doing so, I argue that gay and lesbian criticism allied with identity politics has contributed to restore and make visible the presence of sexual minorities in American novels. In spite of such tremendous power wielded by the gay and lesbian reading practice as a means of affirming transgressive sexuality, however, the identity-driven literary criticism is described as reductive and circular, since its reading protocol has been usually indebted to the prominence of Lacanian concept of the phallus or a particular sexual orientation. In a similar vein, I investigate the incapacity of the gay and lesbian criticism to account for new ways of life and values portrayed in American novels. This essay concludes that the affiliation between queer politics and American novel studies offers a cultural space in which readers and critics are invited to imagine alternative types of love, alliance, and relationship that exist outside of “normal” markers of life experience such as marriage and reproduction.

에이즈 담론과 액트 업

고강일 영미문학연구회 2023 안과 밖 Vol.- No.54

This essay explores AIDS discourse during the AIDS crisis of the 1980-90s in the United States and argues that ACT UP, the grassroots AIDS activist organization, played a crucial role to produce counter-discourses against dominant homophobic cultural practices amid the AIDS epidemic. In doing so, this essay analyzes Jim Hubbard’s acclaimed documentary film, United in Anger: A History of ACT UP (2012) and examines its unflinching portrayal of ACT UP’s indefatigable fight for justice and dignity for people with AIDS, which is well expressed in the group’s representational practices. My paper also surveys how science such as immunology had served as the master discourse that orchestrated all other narratives about AIDS of the 1980-90s in the United States. I argue that contemporary American science incorporated non-biological variables like homophobia into its discursive construction of AIDS and examine ACT UP’s strategies and direct actions for counter-representations against the dominant AIDS discourse. By paying special attention to United in Anger’s presentation of discursive struggles between American mainstream society and ACT UP, this essay concludes that ACT UP’s ultimate goal is not to find the ‘truth’ of AIDS but to emphasize political effects of AIDS discourses and pursue direct action to end the AIDS Crisis.

알코올 금단 섬망의 발생 및 경과에 영향을 미치는 위험 요인

고강,이병욱,최수희,남궁기 대한신경정신의학회 2012 신경정신의학 Vol.51 No.6

Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical variables associated with the occurrence,duration, and severity of alcohol withdrawal delirium (AWD) in patients with alcohol dependence. Methods We conducted a retrospective case-control study in alcohol dependent inpatients admitted to the psychiatric department, between 2006 and 2012 (n=863). Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were used for analysis of risk factors associated with development of AWD and the duration of illness, respectively. And multivariable logistic regression models were applied for assessment of risk factors associated with seclusions or physical restraints,which reflect the severity of AWD. Results Significant predictors for the occurrence of AWD included higher body temperature,lower platelet count, lower serum potassium, higher drinking amount, history of AWD, and history of head trauma or structural brain lesion. Variables associated with prolongation of delirium included higher body temperature, higher drinking amount, and less use of benzodiazepine during the AWD episode. Significant predictors for severe AWD included higher systolic blood pressure,longer duration of harmful alcohol use, and higher drinking amount. Conclusion Easily determinable parameters, such as vital signs and past history related to drinking are significantly associated with not only development of AWD, but also its severity and duration. Therefore, when initially assessing alcohol dependent patients, clinicians should keep these parameters in mind in order to prevent occurrence of risky withdrawal delirium and behavioral problems. 후향적 의무기록 검토를 통해, 해독 치료 중인 646명의 알코올 의존 환자 중, 74명의 남성 알코올 금단 섬망 환자를 선별하였고, 체온이 높은 경우, 혈소판 수치가 낮은 경우, 혈중칼륨 농도가 낮은 경우, 일평균 음주량이 많은 경우, 금단 섬망의 과거력이 있는 경우, 두부 외상의 과거력 또는 기질적뇌병변이 있는 경우가 알코올 금단 섬망 발생의 위험 인자로나타났으며, 본 모델로 섬망의 발생을 74.7% 예측할 수 있었다. 또한, 일평균 음주량이 많을수록, 체온이 높을수록, 시간당 사용한 벤조디아제핀 약물의 용량이 적을수록 금단 섬망의 지속 시간이 길게 나타났으며 수축기 혈압이 높을수록, 음주 기간이 길고 일평균 음주량이 많을수록, 격리 또는 강박을 시행할 위험이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해, 알코올 의존 환자의 평가 중 가장 기본적인 활력 징후와 일평균 음주량, 음주 기간 등을 통해 금단 섬망의 발생을 예측하여 미리 적절한 치료를 제공할 수 있을 뿐아니라, 일단 금단 섬망이 발생한 경우에도 고위험군을 사전에 선별하여 섬망으로 인한 위험한 행동 증상을 억제하는데 도움이 될 수 있음을 알게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 알코올금단 섬망의 경과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다양한 요인들을 분석하고자 하였으나 후향적 연구라는 한계점이 있었으므로 다양한 표본을 대상으로 한 전향적 연구가 금단 섬망의 경과에차이를 유발할 수 있는 요인들과 그 기전을 밝히는 데 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

에이즈 정치학과 <달라스 바이어스 클럽>

고강일 문학과영상학회 2017 문학과영상 Vol.18 No.1

This essay examines the 2013 biographical drama film Dallas Buyers Club, which represents the story of Ron Woodroof, an AIDS patient diagnosed in 1985 when the disease was not understood and labeled as “gay cancer.” The first half of this essay addresses the historical context surrounding the AIDS crisis of the 1980-90s in the United States and argues that economic injustice legitimized by homophobia had actually encouraged the spread of HIV/AIDS. My essay explores how Dallas Buyers Club portrays the disastrous social landscape under the AIDS crisis in which HIV/AIDS victims were stigmatized as sexual deviants and dying as a result of mainstream society's criminal neglect. Also by analyzing the protagonist Ron Woodroof's transformation from unwitting homophobe victim of AIDS to radical health care activist, my essay contends that Dallas Buyers Club illustrates the ways in which AIDS victims and activists struggle to protect their civil rights amid the AIDS epidemic. This essay concludes that the film offers a queer alliance between Woodroof and the transgender character Rayon as the fundamental way to resist heterosexist capitalist liberal discourse, which had exacerbated the AIDS crisis.

〈브로크백 마운틴〉과 재생산적 미래주의

고강일(Kang Yl Ko) 한국비평이론학회 2016 비평과이론 Vol.21 No.3

리 에델만의 “재생산적 미래주의”에 대한 비판을 원용하며, 이 논문은 이안의 〈브로크백 마운틴〉이 이성애규범적인 가치와 폭력을 어떻게 조명하는가를 살펴본다. 자신의 2005년 저서 『미래는 없다: 퀴어이론과 죽음욕동』에서 에델만은 이성애규범성의 특권적 위치가 “재생산적 미래주의”에 의해 보존되고 있음을 밝힌다. 그에 따르면, “재생산적 미래주의”는 비생산적인 쾌락의 유예를 요구할 뿐 아니라, 주체와 존재가 합일을 이루는 불가능한 미래를 위해 현재의 희생을 끊임없이 요구한다. “재생산적인 미래주의”의 대척점에 “퀴어다움”을 위치시키는 에델만은, “퀴어다움”이 지배적인 담론과 제도가 요구하는 강제적인 이성애적 섹슈얼리티와 재생산을 거부한다는 점에서 윤리적인 가치를 지님을 천명한다. 이 글에서는 〈브로크백 마운틴〉이 그 같은 이성애 규범적이고 동성애 혐오적인 담론들과 어떻게 협상하고 타협하는지를 규명한다. 또한, 이 논문은 〈브로크백 마운틴〉이 1980-90년대 미국사회에서 발생한 에이즈의 위기 속에서 퀴어 주체들이 겪은 트라우마와 그들의 대응을 재현하고 있음을 시사한다. 마지막으로는 프로이드의 멜랑콜리아 개념을 이용하여, 영화의 마지막 장면을 자세히 분석함으로써, 퀴어주체가 과거와 맺는 윤리적 관계의 양상에 대해 살펴본다. Building on Lee Edelman’s critique of what he calls “reproductive futurism,” this essay investigates how Ang Lee’s Brokeback Mountain (2005) bears and interrogates the traces of heteronormative values and violence. In his searing book, No Future: Queer Theory and the Death Drive (2004), Edelman argues that the absolute privilege of heteronormativity is preserved by “reproductive futurism,” which not only demands the deferment of non-(re)productive pleasures but also the brutal sacrifice of the present for the impossible future in which the subject’s alienation would fade away into the seamlessness of identity. Presenting queerness as antithetical to the “reproductive futurism,” Edelman asserts that queerness achieves its ethical value in that it refuses the heteronormative mandate by which our dominant culture and institutions demand compulsory heterosexuality and reproduction. The present study examines Brokeback Mountain as a cultural site in which such heteronormative and homophobic discourses can be questioned or endorsed. I also argue that the discussion of AIDS is central to the film, which symbolizes the traumatic experiences of queers amid the AIDS epidemic in the United States in the 1980s and 1990s. In doing so, this discussion suggests that Brokeback Mountain shows how a melancholic queer subject establishes an ethical relationship to the past that refuses the mandate of reproductive futurism embodied in the figure of progressive future.

아시아계 미국인 남성성의 (재)구성과 <단점들>

고강일(Kangyl Ko) 한국비평이론학회 2022 비평과이론 Vol.27 No.1

아시아계 미국인 남성성에 관한 담론들과 반담론들을 살펴보면서, 이 논문은 먼저 프랭크 친이나 제프리 폴 찬과 같은 아시아계 미국 남성 작가들의 주장을 살펴본다. 그들의 저작이“헤게모니적 남성성”의 관점에서 어떻게 아시아계 미국인의 남성성을 재정의하고 있는지를 고찰하고자 한다. 또한 아시아계 남성 작가들의 문화민족주의적인 담론이 내포하고 있는 여성혐오와 가부장적 충동을 추적한다. 논문의 후반부에서는 에이드리언 토미네가 2007년에 발표한 그래픽 노블인 <단점들>을 살펴보면서, 작품이 탈인종 미국 사회에서 아시아계 미국인 남성성의 위기를 어떻게 다루는지를 고찰한다. 토미네의 텍스트는 아시아계 남성 주인공인 벤의 인종적이고 성적인 불안을 묘사하면서, 그가 어떻게 스스로를 재남성화하고 있는지를 숙고한다. 본 논문은 아시아계 남성에 대한 악의적인 편견에 의해 왜곡되는 벤과 백인 여성과의 관계에 주목하면서, 아시아계 미국인 남성으로서 그가 겪는 고충이 탈인종 미국 사회에서 여전히 지속되는 인종분리의 문화적 논리를 반영하고 있다고 주장한다. 이 논문의 결론에서는 <단점들>이 인종주의적인 헤게모니적 남성성에 의존하지 않는 대안적 남성성을 제안하고 있다고 지적한다. Exploring discourses of Asian American masculinity and their counter-discourses, this essay first examines polemics of Asian American male writers, such as Frank Chin and Jeffrey Paul Chan. I consider how they attempt to redefine Asian American masculinity in terms of “hegemonic masculinity.” In doing so, this essay interrogates misogyny and the patriarchal impulse embedded in their cultural nationalist discursive project. This essay then considers Adrian Tomine’s graphic novel, Shortcomings (2007) and explores the way in which the book investigates the crisis of Asian American masculinity in a post-racial America. The graphic novel portrays racial and sexual insecurities of its Asian American male protagonist, Ben, and addresses how he tries to re-masculinize himself. Paying attention to how his relationships with white women are fraught with elements of toxic stereotypes of Asian American men, I argue that his struggle as an Asian American male is symptomatic of the continuing cultural logic of racial segregation in the post-racial United States. My essay concludes that Tomine’s graphic novel suggests an alternative masculinity that is not constructed upon racist hegemonic masculinity.