문화 교수와 담화 교육

강현화(Hyoun Hwa Kang) 국제한국어교육문화재단 2017 국제한국어교육 Vol.3 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to clarify that cultural teaching in language education is rather essential than additional element to be connected with language teaching. In the field of language education, cultural teaching often put a focus on the characteristics of culture itself, which is separate from language. Although the teaching of these culture-independent items is also important, considering the educational field where language learning is the main focus, it is more important to pay attention to the cultural characteristics revealed in the language and to educate them. First, this study proposes cultural teaching items according to proficiency through analysis of Korean textbooks and Korean cultural books. Since culture is difficult to set difficulty level, a basic content presentation type (matrix type) is suggested rather than a liner type approach. These are based on the importance of the culture itself, which can be treated as the native language of learners, not the target language, Korean. Next, this study emphasizes the necessity of language education connected with culture, and presents the cases of discourse markers and grammar teaching to specify them. This study suggests that discourse markers are insufficient only by lexical approach, and they should be taught with a focus on function of discourse in consideration of context and environment of discourse. In addition, it is emphasized that the grammar teaching should not only be carried out about the syntactic constraints of grammatical items, but also should be related to the utterance intention of the speaker in discourse levels and the context in which communication takes place. This study wants to show that the context is based on Korean culture.

한국 문화 교육 항목 선정에 관한 기초 연구 -선행연구, 교재, 기관 현황 조사 자료의 비교를 통하여-

강현화 ( Hyuun Hwa Kang ),홍혜란 ( Hye Ran Hong ) 연세대학교 언어연구교육원 한국어학당 2011 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.36 No.-

This article is a foundational research on selecting the items of Korean culture education. It aims to examine how the theory and practice of Korean culture education differ to grope for its further directions. To attain this goal, this paper conducted comparative analysis on 144 advanced studies, total 6-type, 36 textbooks and 18 culture-specialized textbooks of chief universities` annex Korean education institutes having published all of the beginning, intermediate, and advanced-level textbooks, and the current status of operating culture education programs in local education organizations. According to the analysis result, about the items for culture education in Korean textbooks and advanced studies, they commonly suggest behavioral culture by culture types and modern culture by periods in general. However, although the category is the same, the detailed items differ in some way. The culture programs of local education organizations suggest the culture items not dealt with in literatures or textbooks through field trips. It was chiefly the achievement culture by culture type and traditional culture by period. Based on this, it was found that the items of culture education to be provided to Korean learners should be presented in various ways regarding various types of culture according to the features. Meanwhile, in the result of analyzing the difference in the items of culture education according to learner variables such as their Korean mastery level, targeted learners (goal for learning), language area, or age, too, behavioral culture and modern culture are intensively being provided and there is significant difference by the features of variables. This implies that Korean culture education should follow the prototype course of study for all learners to receive it commonly but it is desirable to correct and complement it further according to learner variables.

연구 논문 : 외국인 학습자의 문화 요구조사 -문화교재 개발을 위해-

강현화 ( Hyoun Hwa Kang ) 연세대학교 한국어학당 2006 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.31 No.-

언어교육용 어휘사전 분석 연구 : 국외 및 국내의 어휘교육용 사전 분석을 중심으로

강현화(Kang Hyoun-Hwa),최진희(Choi Jin-Hee) 한국사전학회 2009 한국사전학 Vol.- No.13

This study aims to seek the direction of Korean dictionaries for foreign learners by analyzing pre-existing publications. The result of comparing existing publications such as Korean dictionaries for Korean learners and English dictionaries could be put to practical use of language education. English dictionaries are providing not only each entry's semantic, morpho-syntactic informations but also studying functions as learning strategies. Besides, they have various entry-arrangement styles such as alphabetical order or word formation based order. In addition, the trend is that dictionaries vary according to study purposes or type of learners. In comparison with the Korean vocabulary learning environment, they are corpus-based dictionaries. The corpus-based dictionary provides various informations. However, the overflowing informations could be a overwhelming to learners who are elementary level so that it is true the accessibility has been low. Therefore, this study proposes the direction of Korean dictionaries as a studying guide book which have the following features: (1) aiming at learners' convenience, (2) being considerate of learners' proficiency, (3) providing translated vocabulary in the learner's native language according to contrastive analytic knowledge, (4) combining with studying functions such as exercises.

한국어 종결표현의 화행 기능과 한국어 모어 화자의 인식에 관한 연구

강현화(Kang, Hyoun Hwa),홍혜란(Hong, Hye Ran) 한국외국어교육학회 2010 Foreign languages education Vol.17 No.2

This study attempts to investigate the relationship between the pragmatic functions of Korean sentence-ending expressions and Korean speakers’ actual use of language based on their intuition and corpus analysis. For this purpose, this study analyzed the correlation between the sentence-ending expressions and the corpus, and compared the results with a survey of native speakers’ intuition. The results can be summarized in three respects. First, a variety of pragmatic functions were observed in a single expression in the language use patterns and the cognition of Korean native-speakers. Second, one to multiple relations were observed in a variety of sentence-ending expressions with a specific pragmatic function. Third, the Korean speakers’ choice of sentence- expressions were influenced by given situations. This means that Korean native speakers who are cognizant of pragmatic functions selectively use sentence expressions, leading to the correlation between sentence expressions and pragmatic functions. Lastly, some differences were found in responses about pragmatic functions such as ‘imperatives’, ‘recommendations’, and ‘request’ depending on the profession or age.

SAT 2 의 한국어시험에 대한 분석

강현화(Hyon Hwa Kang) 국제한국어교육학회 1999 한국어 교육 Vol.10 No.2

한국어교육 자료의 어종별 복합어의 특성 연구

강현화 ( Hyounhwa Kang ) 한국문법교육학회 2016 문법 교육 Vol.26 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze usage patterns of the complex words in the Korean educational materials according to the types of the words such as pure Korean words, Sino-Korean words and loanwords. This study also attempts to investigate word-formation units(affix in case of derivative words and the types of roots in caes of compound words) comprising complex words and to identify the word=formation units with high productivity. This study finds several facts based on the analysis as follows. First, the number of vocabulary according to the types of words becomes larger in order of Sino-Korean words, pure Korean words, hybrid words and loanwords, with the number of Sino-Korean words almost doubling pure Korean words. The loanwords and hybrid words also account for a substantial portion of vocabulary population. Second, derivative words account for a particulary higher proportion of suffix derivatives than the compound words in terms of the complex words. Third, in terms of the part of speech distribution of complex words according to types of words, nouns account for the largest proportion in each type of words. However, the proportion of verbs and adjectives varies across the types of words. Verbs and adjectives show the proportion of 1,074/1 and 389/14 respectively and Sino-Korean words come in the form of pure Korean words and hybrid words(116 verbs and 420 adjectives) rather than simple words. Fourth, this study presents the range and frequency over the Korean educational materials by only examining the top 50 individual complex words according to the types of words. The overall frequency of pure Korean words is higher than Sino-Korean words, which indicates that pure Korean words and complex words account for a large proportion of high frequency words. Since this study is analyzed with real data of Korean education field, the results of this study can be used as basic data that are applied in Korean education materials compilation and teaching.

단어 형성 원리를 활용한 한국어 어휘 교재 개발 연구

강현화 ( Kang Hyounhwa ),홍혜란 ( Hong Hyeran ),유소영 ( Yoo Soyoung ),김정현 ( Kim Junghyun ) 연세대학교 언어연구교육원 한국어학당 2019 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.54 No.-

The aims of this study are to discuss issues related to a practical design of teaching-learning materials based on the principle of word formation and its application. First, the issues on selecting types of word units used for Korean word formation for the syllabus design were reviewed. And then 271 units used for word formation and the list of more than 6,000 vocabulary were selected based on the study of Kang(2014). As a next step issues were discussed about what should be considered for presenting the selected words and vocabulary effectively. Also, actual cases which applied aforementioned considerations to their textbook developments were reviewed. Based on this consideration, 271 units were categorized into groups of 10 by their meanings. The textbook model was designed considering types, meanings, and usages of the units for word formation, and consisted of three steps: Presentation - Practice - Production. (Yonsei University)

한국어학습자를 위한 『한국어기초사전』 구축 방안 연구

강현화(Kang, Hyoun-Hwa),원미진(Won, Mijin) 한국사전학회 2012 한국사전학 Vol.- No.20

This paper explores the compiling method of the Korean Basic Dictionary and the controversial issues on the process of selecting the main entries and providing definitions and examples. The number of main entries is around 50 thousand words, which covers the need for advanced vocabulary for Korean language learners. Nevertheless, in order to finish the selection procedure of the entries, additional lists considering the macro structure of the dictionary should also be included. First, the special words such as proper nouns, postpositional words, and the conjugational parts of verbs, need an appropriate selection method. Second, additional selection of derivate words or related words of main entries is still under process and will continue to be until this dictionary has been fully compiled. In defining words, two issues that must be addressed are controling the vocabulary levels and avoiding translation misunderstandings because the basic purpose of this dictionary is to offer the model of multi-lingual translation. Finally, providing useful examples is the most important issue. Thus, the examples have been revised based on the validity of grammatical, semantical, and pragmatical function. The final result of this process ultimately needs to verified by Korean language learners through real time use of this dictionary.

한국인의 가치문화 교수방안

강현화 ( Kang Hyoun Hwa ) 한국언어문화교육학회 2007 언어와 문화 Vol.3 No.2

The purpose of this study is to bring up the necessity of culture instruction based on value in Korean education and to suggest its practical methodology. The foreign learners studying in Korea have strong language needs while those studying in the U.S. and Europe have additional needs of knowing Korean culture as well. Therefore, this study attempts to provide foreign learners with some information and knowledge about Korean modern cultures and to facilitate their understanding. The traditional classes teaching Korean culture simply focus on delivering information about Korean life culture. In this regard, this study tries to overcome their limitations and to provide foreign learners with the opportunity to know Korean peoples’ perspective implicit in their life style. This study examines Korean value oriented culture from the viewpoint of culture relativism and explores the characteristics of Korean cultures from the contrasitive cultures’ standpoint. Korean learners can appreciate Korean peoples’ perspective by value approached study. (Kyunghee University)