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강기환,유권종,안형근,한득영,Kang, Gi-Hwan,Yu, Gwon-Jong,Ahn, HyungKeun,Han, Deuk-Young 한국전기전자재료학회 2004 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.17 No.12
In this paper, degradation in field-aged PV modules including degradation of interconnect, discoloration of encapsulant and hot spot have been observed and analyzed. From the results, photovoltaic module installed for 6 years shows around 16 % drop of electrical properties due to the interconnect degradation and PV module passed 18 years has been found to drop of around 20 % mainly by the encapsulant discoloration. Furthermore the difference between low and high temperature of PV array at hot spot goes up to 3$0^{\circ}C$ and it leads to interconnect degradation. On the other hands, the temperature difference was observed to be around 15$^{\circ}C$ at the encapsulant discoloration spot of PV array.
구성 재료와 방사조도 특성에 따른 태양전지모듈의 최대출력 분석
강기환,김경수,박지홍,유권종,안형근,한득영 한국태양에너지학회 2007 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.27 No.3
In this study, we analyze the maximum power generation of photovoltaic(PV) module depending on constituent materials and incidence angle dependence of light. To verify characteristics of constituent materials, we made photovoltaic modules with 4 kinds of solar cells and textured glass according to fabrication method. To find the degree of the maximum power generation dependence on intensity of light, Solar Simulator is applied by changing angle of module and light intensity. Through this experiment, to obtain maximum power generation from limited PV modules, it is needed to fully understand constituent materials, fabrication method and dependence of incident light characteristics.
Pyrosol법에 의한 SnO₂ : F박막의 전기광학적 특성 F Thin Films Prepared by Pyrosol Method
姜埼煥 건국대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.9 No.-
Fluorine-doped SnO₂ (SnO₂ : F) films were prepared in the ordinary atmosphere on Corning 7059 glass substrates by pyrosol deposition method from the solutions SnCl₄ㆍ5H₂O, NH₄F, CH₃OH, H₂O, and HCl under the experimental condition of substrate temperature 425[℃], F/Sn 3 wt%, and air flow rate 10[ℓ/min]. These films have good electrooptical properties such like a resistivity of 4.3 × 10^(-4)[Ωcm] and specular transmittance of 78%. In an attempt to develop optimum transparent electrodes for amorphous silicon solar cells durable against hydrogen plasma, the films were prepared by pyrosol deposition method when varying only the CH₃OH/ H₂O mol ratio in the mixtures of SnCl₄ㆍ5H₂O, NH₄F, CH₃OH, H₂O, and HCl under the following conditions : substrate temperature of 200[℃], H2 Pressure of 1[Torr], RF input power of 50[mW/㎠], H₂ flow rate of 30 [cc/min] and exposure time of 15∼600[sec). It is found that sheet resistances of the films remain unchanged or slightly reduced after initial exposure of 30∼60[sec], regardless of the CH₃OH/H₂O mot ratio, but increase sharply with increasing the H₂plasma exposure time. Optical transmittances of the films degrade, in general, very sharply with increasing the exposure time. However, a film obtained from a solution of CH₃OH/H₂O mol ratio of 2.65 showed a lowest fall of 7∼15% within the exposure time of 30∼60 [sec]. In addition, the exposure of the films to hydrogen plasma atmosphere leads to remarkable changes in the microstructure and chemical composition, which should be originated from the reduction of SnO₂ to SnO and to elemental Sn.