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都市 零細民 영유아의 食餌攝取와 建康狀態 評價에 關한 調査
申東淑 서울大學校保健大學院 1975 公衆保健雜誌 Vol.12 No.1
The nutrition in early life of a man has been known to have much influence on both his physical and mental growth. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status of infants and toddlers below the age of 3 who live in slum areas. And the means of study consist of dietary ingestion anthropometric and biochemical test. The following results were obtained: 1. Children were breast-fed about 4 times a day for 17 months after birth: 1 time between the 24th and 29th month: breast feeding stopped abruptly after the age of 30 months. 2. Boiled rice took the top priority place in the infant's diet, except for mother's milk. And most foods were not supplied to them in modified from such as liquid, but they received the same type of food as adults. The main sources of protein, fish, meat, eggs and milk were not sufficiently supplied to infants and the supply of fats and oils was not sufficient either. 3. Physical growth showed a bad start about 6 months after birth and the gap appeared continuously. The infants belong to the malnutrition borderline scoreⅠ,Ⅱ compared with WHO's standard is less than the Korean physical std. ① Height:15.6% of the infants belonged to scoreⅠ, none belonged to score Ⅱ. ② Weight: 28.9% belonged to score Ⅰ and 46.7% to score Ⅱ. ③ A.C: 42.2% belonged to score Ⅰ and 7.8% to score Ⅱ. ④ S.F.T: 15.6% belonged to score Ⅰ and 62.2% to score Ⅱ. 4. The mean of hemoglobin value of boys and girls were 11.2±0.98gm/100㎖, 11.6±0.83gm/100㎖. The anemia below 10.0gm/100㎖; boy 40%, girl 19.1%. ① The mean of hematocrit value of boys and girls were 35.0±2.79%, 36.1±2.73%. The anemia below 33.0; boy 20.0%, girl 7.1%. ② The mean of M.C.H.C levels of boys and girls were 31.9±1.90%, 32.2±1.50%. The anemia below 33.0%; boy 75.0%, girl 69.0%. which shows high percentage. 5. The distribution of disease: infants of diarrhea, 35.6% infants of fever, 13.3% infants of coughs, 22.2% The results appeared above study can make an evaluation of nutritional status of infants and toddlers who live in the city's slum areas.
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신동숙 문화관광연구학회 2000 문화관광연구 Vol.2 No.2
The purpose of the study is to explore legal ways regulating travel contracts. To put it concretely, it is necessary to take legal steps for travel contracts in order to protect consumers and sound tour culture, and to suggest basic materials to enact the law concerned. To this end, both literature review and the actual proofs of study were used as methods of the study. In the literature review, the concept of a travel contract, its legal definition, various problems on the travel contract and arrangement and validity of the contract were studied. In the actual proofs of study, questionnaire on experts was used in order to study legislative ways that could regulate the travel contract. Some contents that were clarified in theoretical studies, relevant laws and regulations and general conditions of the travel contract in U. S., Japan and Korea as well as EU members as Germany, England and France were in the questionnaire to be considered when a travel law could be enacted in the future. These results of the study show what way and how a law regulating the travel contract enacts. The results thus analyzed in the study can be contributed to develop the tourist industry healthily and to prepare a solution in order to protect consumers, recognizing legal importance of the travel contract.
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연구논문 : 한국의 여행계약법 제정방향에 관한 실증연구
신동숙 대한관광경영학회 1998 觀光硏究 Vol.11 No.-
The purpose of the study is to explore legal ways regulating travel contracts. To put it concretely, it is necessary to take legal steps for travel contracts in order to protect consumers and sound tour culture, and to suggest basic materials to enact the law concerned. To this end, both literature review and the actual proofs of study were used as methods of the study. In the literature review, the concept of a travel contract, its legal definition, various problems on the travel contract and arrangement and validity of the contract were studied. In the actual proofs of study, questionnaire on three groups, consumers, experts and travel agencies was used in order to study legislative ways that could regulate the travel wntract. Some contents that were clarified in theoretical studies, relevant laws and regulations and general conditions of the travel contract in U.S., Japan and Korea as well as EU members as Germany, England and France were in the questionnaire to be considered when a travel law could be enacted in the future. The results of the study show what way and how a law regulating the travel contract enacts. These thus analyzed in the study can be contributed to develop the tourist industry healthily and to prepare a solution in order to protect consumers, recognizing legal importance of the travel contract. In concrete discussions some legal lines to regulate the travel contract are as follows: Firstly, terminologies in the travel contract should be clearly clarified and a travel agency also should owe a duty to provide tour information to consumers. Secondly, all the facts related to the travel contract should be stated plainly when the contract is concluded between the two. Thirdly, the ways to regulate contents of the contract in case of a raise of travel expenses should be clarified. Fourthly, in the contract, the travel agency should allow a consumer change to other person and the consumer who cancelled the travel contract without extra charges should also clarify the reason why. Fifthly, the agency's responsibility for its faults during a travel should be clrified. 5ixthly, the agency should be under an obligation legally to transport consumers to their home when an accident beyond human control or a fault by the agency breaks out after starting the travel. In that case, the two should share 50 percent each in additional expenses. Seventhly, the agency should strictly be responsible for the consumer's safety. Eightly, the agency should legally have the obligation to refund travel expenses to consumers and then to transport them to their home safely when the agency is in inability to pay or goes into bankruptcy. And if there are more disputes than these mentioned above on the contract between the two, the disputes legally should be reported and put them on trial in a district court where consumers live in.
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신동숙(Dong Suk Shin),오승열(Seaung Youl Oh) 한국약제학회 1999 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.29 No.4
We have studied the stability and transdermal flux of prostaglandin E₁ (PGE₁) from various donor solutions through hairless mouse skin. Stability in HEPES buffer or in propylene glycol (PG) solution where enhancer (oleic acid (OA), propylene glycol monolaurate (PGML), transcutol (TC), ethanol (EtOH)) is dissolved was investigated. PGE₁ was not stable in HEPES buffer. The concentration of PGE₁ decreased continuously for 7 days, and the degradation rate constant was 0.0028 h^(-1), assuming first order reaction. The effect of current or penetration enhancer on the degradation was minimal. Percutaneous transport from HEPES buffer by passive or iontophoretic delivery without enhancer was close to nil. When OA or PGML was used together with PG, both passive and iontophoretic flux increased. PGML showed better enhancing effect than OA. Flux by cathodal delivery was about 2 times larger than that by passive delivery. Flux by anodal delivery was lower than that by passive delivery. TC and EtOH also increased the transdermal flux, but the effect was not as good as that observed when OA or PGML was used. These stability and flux data provide important information on how to formulate the patch, which will be the next step of this work, and on the polarity of current to use during iontophoresis.
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