북한강에 (北漢江) 서식하는 담수어중의 (淡水魚中) 중금속 함유량에 관한 연구 ( 제2보 )

강희곤,윤원용,박상현,박성배 ( Hee Gon Kang,Won Young Yoon,Sung Hyun Park,Sung Bae Park ) 한국하천호수학회 1986 생태와 환경 Vol.19 No.1·2

This study was performed to investigate the present contamination level of heavy metals in freshwater fishes in North Han-river Contents of heavy metal in the parts were found respectively by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results were shown as follows: 1. The order of mean value of lead, cadmium and chromium contents in the three parts was shown as bone>gill>muscle respectively. Content of mercury in muscle showed highest in comparison with the other parts. 2. Among the seven heavy metal contents, the highest was zinc and the lowest was cadmium. 3. Among the three kinds of fishes Cyprinus carpio has highly significant correlation with fish size in lead and cadmium.

미사리 조정호의 조류제거방안에 관한 조사연구

김민영,강희곤,이상수,정호진,김상훈,배경석 ( Min Young Kim,Hee Gon kang,Sang Su Lee,Ho Jin Jeong,Sang Hoon Kim,Kyung Seok Bae ) 한국하천호수학회 1989 생태와 환경 Vol.22 No.4

The present study was conducted to investigate on removal efficency and control effect of the algae at Misa-ri Regatta Coarse based on the applied amount of several algaecides. We performed the research during the period from June 27, 1988 to August 22, 1988. Control effect of Chlorine dioxide products dosage 10 mg/1 appeared as over 70 percent removal efficiency of the algae on 2 days after and over 90 percent removal efficiency of the algae on 3 days after in comparison with the natural culture type. At the Copper alkanolamine complexes products dosage between 0.16 mg/1 and 1.14 mg/1 ranges was showed a excellent control effect with around 90 percent on 3-4 days after. At each 2.4-D dosage was showed little difference on 3 days after, but showed very fast increasing speed of algae on 6 days to 11 days after. At below 15 mg ClO₂ dosage is a freedom from danger at test of acute toxicity with Gold fish, but Cutrineplus have a acute toxicity. Therefore, scatter of Chlorine dioxide products dosage 10 mg/1 is a economical treatment method based on the environmental impacts and removal efficiency of the problem algae.

상등급과 등외등급 쇠고기의 기호특성 비교

문윤희(Yoon-Hee Moon),강세주(Se-Ju Kang),현재석(Jae-Suk Hyon),강희곤(Hee-Gon Kang),정인철(In-Chul Jung) 한국식품영양과학회 2001 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.30 No.6

도축 후 24시간 냉장한 상등급(B2 등급)과 등외등급(D 등급) 쇠고기 지육에서 등심부위를 분할하여 두 쪽으로 나누어 한 쪽은 랩으로 싸서 1일간 냉장하고, 다른 한 쪽은 500 g씩 자르고 진공포장 하여 30일간 냉장하여 전자는 신선육, 후자는 냉장육이라 하였다. 상등급육과 등외등급육의 기호특성을 비교하고 등외등급육의 냉장효과를 알아보기 위하여 신선육과 냉장육의 색도, 연도, ATP 관련물질, 지방산 조성 및 관능평가에 대한 실험을 하였다. 신선육의 경우, 상등급육이 등외등급육에 비하여 pH, 젖산함량, 미오글로빈 함량이 낮고 표면색이 우수하였다. 상등급육은 경도와 저작성이 낮으면서 근원섬유 소편화도가 높아 연한 현상을 보였다. 상등급육은 포화지방산 함량이 낮고 단일불포화지방산에 대한 포화지방산의 비율(MUFA/SFA)과 ATP 함량이 높고, 생육향이 우수하였다. 상등급육은 가열감량 및 가열단축도가 낮은 반면 가열육의 기호성이 현저히 우수하였다. 등외등급육은 상등급육에 비해서 경도, 저작성, 근원섬유 소편화도 및 MUFA/SFA에 대한 냉장효과가 크게 나타났다. 그러나 냉장육의 연도, 가열육 향 그리고 기호성이 등외등급육에 비해 상등급육이 현저히 우수하였다. Two kinds of samples were prepared from the loin in the carcass with grade B2 and D, which were chilled for 24 hour after slaughter. The fresh beef in this study were obtained by chilling the loin for 1 day after wrapping them. On the other hand, the chilled beef were obtained by cutting the loin by 500 g and chilling them for 30 day after vacuum packing. The experiment was carried out to compare the palatability related with characteristics of loin with grade B2 and D and to investigate the chilling effect of the loin with grade D. In the case of fresh beef, it was found that the loin with grade B2 has better meat color, but lower pH, lactic acid content, and myoglobin content, than them of the loin with grade D. Also, the loin with grade B2 has lower tenderness due to its low hardness and chewiness, and high myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI). Furthermore, it has high monounsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (MUFA/SFA) and ATP content, and good raw meat aroma. It also shows an excellent palatability of cooked meat, although it has low cooking loss and heat shotening. On the other hand, the loin with grade D has higher chilling effect on hardness, chewiness, MFI and MUFA/SFA, than them of the loin with grade B2. However, in the case of chilled beef, the loin with grade D shows much worse tenderness, cooked meat aroma, and palatability than them of the loin with grade B2.

파프리카 추출물의 색소안정성과 Ethoxyquin 및 잔류용매 검출

이선옥,경석헌,박길동,강희곤,박주성,이시경,Lee, Seon-Ok,Kyung, Suk-Hun,Park, Kil-Dong,Kang, Hee-Gon,Park, Joo-Sung,Lee, See-Kyung 한국응용생명화학회 2002 한국농화학회지 Vol.45 No.2

올레오레진 파프리카의 색소 안정성과 ethoxyquin의 잔류량 분석을 위하여 용매별 최대 흡수파장과 흡광도, 용매와 ethoxyquin파의 잔류량 분석 조건을 비교 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 용매별 올레오레진 파프리카의 최대 흡수파장은 444-458 nm에서 나타났으며 흡광도 값은 에탄올에서 가장 높게 나타났고 아세톤, 클로르포름, 메탄올의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 용매별 올레오레진 파프리카 추출물에서의 색가는 에탄올, 아세톤, 클로르포름 그리고 메탄올 순으로 높았으며 국가별로는 미국 제품이 용매에 따라서 다른 나라의 제품보다 2-6배 정도가 높았다. 올레오레진 파프리카에서 잔류되는 용매는 주로 아세톤, 메탄올 그리고 헥산이 일부제품에서 미량 검출되었으며 기타의 잔류용매는 검출되지 않았다 Ethoxyquin의 분석에서 GC에 의한 분석방법으로는 다양한 분석조건에서 실시하였으나 적합하지 않았다. HPLC에 의한 ethoxyquin의 분석을 위한 올레오레진 파프리카 추출물의 용해용매로 헥산을 이용한 것이 가장 분리능이 좋았으며 검출한계는 $0.01\;mgl^{-1}$이었다. 생산국별 올레오레진 파프리카에서의 ethoxyquin 검출은 미국과 스페인 제품에서 미량 검출되었으며 ethoxyquin이 검출된 제품이 검출되지 않은 제품보다 색가가 더 높게 나타났다. Effects of ethoxyquin on the color stability of oleoresin paprika extracts and amount of residual ethoxyquin, a color stabilizer, in commercial extracts were determined. The oleoresin paprika extracts dissolved in ethanol gave the highest maximum photo-absorbency at 444-458 nm, with the color index of United States product 2-6 times higher than that produced in India. The residual solvents in oleoresin paprika extracts were mainly acetone and methanol, although some other extracts also contained small amounts of hexane. HPLC analysis was determined as a proper analytical method for residual ethoxyquin assay in the oleoresin paprika extracts, particularly when hexane was used as a solvent. The residual ethoxyquins were detected in the extracts produced in US and Spain which had relatively high color indices.

Clonogenic Assay를 이용한 Aloe arborescens와 Aloe vera 용매 추출물의 종양세포 억제효과의 비교

홍희선,이경호,김정환,강희곤,조좌형,김창한,Hong, Hee-Sun,Lee, Keyong-Ho,Kim, Jeong-Hwan,Kang, Hee-Gon,Cho, Choa-Hyoung,Kim, Chang-Han 한국생약학회 1999 생약학회지 Vol.30 No.3

The solvent extracts from Aloe arborescens and Aloe vera were randomly screened for inhibitory effects on the growth of tumor cell lines. In case of Aloe vera extracts, butyl alcohol extract and ethyl alcohol extract showed antitumor activity at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ on lung cell lines(A427, Sk-mes-1, Calu-3 and 3LL). In Aloe arborescens extracts, butyl alcohol extract and ethyl alcohol extract exerted high activity at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ on breast cell line(Hs-578T) and lung cell line(Sk-mes-1), respectively. The solvent extracts from Aloe vera exerted antitumor activity broadly on various tumor cell lines. In contract, the solvent extracts from Aloe arborescens exerted specific antitumoricity on a few tumor cell lines.

f買境大氣中水銀의 分布와 動態에 關한 硏究( 1 )

金旻永(Min Young Kim),姜熙坤(Hee Gon Kang),朴聖培(Sung Bae Park) 한국환경보건학회 1987 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.13 No.2

This study was conducted to measure the diurnal variation and behaviour of atmospheric mercury in an urban area by gold amalgamation and c이d vapour atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results were as follows: 1. The Hg concentration in ambient air averageq 21.13ngjm3 for 111 determinations (C.V. 78.5) in urban area and 5.91ngjm3 for 140 determinations (C.V. 2 1.3) in suburban area. The urban area concentration was significant1y higher and f1uctuated more than its rural counterpart. 2. Regression analysis of the interaction between mercury concentration and other components showed a significant correlation between mercury concentration and sulfur dioxide; also, TSP were found. Mercury concentration was shown to have a similar behaviour, on the whole, with other air pollutants. 3. It demonstrated a positive correlation with sun1ight (UV-ray), while it had a negative response to wind speed and humidity. Its concentration showed a tendensy to increase during calm weather specifical1y. 4. The Hg concentration at the Mt. DδkYou inland clean area ranged from 1.33ngjm3 to 2.0ngjm3 , with a mean value of 1.63ngjm3

지리산국립공원 식물종의 생물계절성 연구

신재성 ( Jae Sung Shin ),유난희 ( Nan Hee Yu ),강희곤 ( Hee Gon Kang ),신현탁 ( Hyun Tak Shin ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2011 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

This study monitored forest plant species vulnerable to climate change in Jiri Mountain, one of Korea`s representative alpine regions, in order to securely preserve plant genetic resources susceptible to climate change and to utilize the results as basic data for bioclimatology prediction and management on a long-term basis. A majority of indicator plants tended to blossom one week to one month later in 2010 than in 2009. As with the blooming dates, the falling dates of blossoms became later in most species, with the exception for Weigela florida and Oplopanax elatus. Leaf bursting as well fell on later dates in a majority of species excluding Carpinus laxiflora and Cupressus sempervirens, displaying the most obvious differences among the data of analysis of the 2009-2010 physiological cycle changes. It is believed that was due to the fact that temperatures in February, March and April, which affect plants` blossoming and leaf bursting, were lower in 2010 than in 2009 and that cold temperatures in the winter lasted for a longer period in 2010 than in 2009. The dates of leaves being changed to red were similar in 2009 and 2010 by being or later or earlier by several weeks in 2010 than in 2009 without any regularity. Most species` leaves began to fall at similar dates in 2009 and 2010 or at later dates by one to two weeks in 2010 than in 2009. The temperature differences in late 2009 and late 2010 were not so large, resulting in similar dates of falling leaves, and gaps in several indicator plants` physiological cycles without any regularity can be attributed to each individual plant`s physiological and environmental characteristics.

SlIM 퍼지 슬라이딩 모드 디지털PD 제어기를 사용한 X-Y 테이블의 궤적 제어

강희곤,채창현 금오공과대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

We proposed Digital PD controller with SlIM Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control Algorithm to prevent the chattering problem The fuzzy rules are defined as the output of PO controller based on the sliding line, and the output of the proposed controller is calculated by the Simplified Indirect Inference Method Fuzzy Logic. The proposed control system has some advantages. It is simple because the inputs of the proposed controller are only the error tenn and the derivative tenn of the sliding line. Therefore, the overall stability of the proposed system and the boundness of the tracking error are proved automatically by using the Lyapunov theory. We apply the proposed controller to control a linear and nonlinear system, and the contour control of X-Y tables. The computer simulation showed the validity of the proposed control system and the superiority to the fonner studies.

서울地域 銀杏葉中 重金屬 含量에 關한 硏究

金旻永,姜熙坤,吉惠卿 한국환경독성학회 1989 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Studies on the heavy metal content of ginkgo leaves growing in all around Seoul. This study was carried out to investigate the concentration of heavy metals and soluble sulfur in ginkgo leaves. These leaves are found growing in park, residential, commercial and industrial areas all around Seoul. These analyzed the quantity of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg and soluble surfur in separate samples of washed and unwashed leaves. The results were as follows: 1. This order of heavey metal concentration was found in Seoul area,: Fe> Mn> Zn> Ni> Pb> Cu> Co> Cd> Hg. 2. Pb concentration was higher in the commercial aera than in the other aeras, and it concentration in washed leaves was higher 96~100% and unwashed leaves 85~170%. 3. In the residential area Ni concentration was significantly higer where about seven times more Ni was found on the top part of the leaves. 4. Water soluble surfur was higest in the inudstrial area, but the percentage on top of the leaves was only 0.04~0.05% simillar with other area. 5. Fe, Zn and Ni were almost positively correlated to each component but negatively correlated between Mn and souble sulfer. All of content except Mn and Ni were significance between each area in washed and unwashed leaves.

파프리카 추출물의 색소안정성과 Ethoxyquin 및 잔류용매 검출

이선옥,이시경,경석헌,박길동,강희곤,박주성 한국농화학회 2002 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.45 No.2

올레오레진 파프리카의 색소 안정성과 ethoxyquin의 잔류량 분석을 위하여 용매별 최대 흡수파장과 흡광도,용매와 ethoxyquin의 잔류량 분석 조건을 비교 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다.용매별 올레오레진 파프리카의 최대 흡수파장은 444~458nm에서 나타났으며 흡광도 값은 에탄올에서 가장 높게 나타났고 아세톤,클로르포름,메탄올의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 용매별 올레오레진 파프리카 추출물에서의 색가는 에탄올, 아세톤, 클로르포름 그리고 메탄올 순으로 높았으며 국가별로는 미국 제품이 용매에 따라서 다른 나라의 제품보다 2~6배 정도가 높았다.올레오레진 파프리카에서 잔류되는 용매는 주로 아세톤,메탄올 그리고 핵산이 일부제품에서 미량 검출되었으며 기타의 잔류용매는 검출되지 않았다. Ethoxyquin 의 분석에서 GC에 의한 분석 방법으로는 다양한 분석조건에서 실시하였으나 적합하지 않았다. HPLC에 의한 ethoxyqui의 분석을 위한 올레오레진 파프리카 추출물의 용해용매로 핵산을 이용한 것이 가장 분리능이 좋았으며 검출한계는 0.01㎎l^-1 이었다. 생간국별 올레오레진 파프리카에서의 ethoxyquin 검출은 미국과 스페인 제품에서 미량 검출되었으며 ethoxyquin이 검출된 제품이 검출되지 않은 제품보다 색가가 더 높게 나타났다. Effects of ethoxyquin on the color stability of olearesin paprika extracts and amount of residual ethoxyquin, a color stabilizer in commercial extracts were determined. The oleoresin paprika extracts dissolved in ethanol gave the highest maximum photo-absorbency at 444-458 nm, with the color index of United States product 2-6 times higher than that produced in India. The residual solvents in oleoresin paprika extracts were mainly acetone and methanol, although some other extracts also contained small amounts of hexane. HPLC analysis wsa determined as a proper analytical method for residual ethoxyquin assay in the oleoresin paprika extracts, particularly when hexane was used as a solvent. The residual ethoxyquins were detected in the extracts produced in US and Spain which had relatively high color indices.