The Association between Nuts Intake and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Risk: a Case-Control Study

( Omid Asbaghi ),( Hadi Emamat ),( Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi ),( Azita Hekmatdoost ) 한국임상영양학회 2020 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.9 No.3

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Nuts are nutrient- and calorie-dense foods with several health-promoting compounds. In this case-control study, we investigated the association between nut intake and NAFLD risk. Hundred ninety-six subjects with NAFLD and eight hundred three controls were recruited. The participants' dietary intakes were assessed by a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Participants were categorized according to deciles of daily nuts intake. Multivariable logistic regression models were used with NAFLD as the dependent and deciles of daily nuts intake as an independent variables. Range of age was 18 to 75 years. Forty three percent of participants were male. Range of nuts intake was between 0 to 90.90 g/day. In model 3, after adjusting for potential confounding variables including, age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking, diabetes and physical activity, the relation between daily nuts intake and risk of NAFLD was positive and significant in the deciles 9 and 10 compared to the lowest decile (odds ratio [OR], 3.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-7.49; p = 0.039 and OR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.03-8.90; p = 0.046, respectively). However, in the final model after additional adjusting for energy intake, no significant association was found. According to the findings, there is not any significant relationship between nuts intake and NAFLD risk; while higher intake of nuts is related to the higher risk of NAFLD mediated by energy intake.

Effect of Vitamins C and E Co-Supplementation on Serum C-Reactive Protein Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Faezeh Fouladvand,Ebrahim Falahi,Omid Asbaghi,Amir Abbasnezhad 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.25 No.1

Studies assessing the effect of vitamin C and E co-supplementation on levels of circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) show contradictory results. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of vitamin C and E co-supplementation on CRP. A systematic search was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Cochrane, Embase, and the Web of Science without any language or time restriction (until 31 March 2019) to retrieve RCTs that examined the effect of vitamin C and E co-supplementation on CRP. A meta-analysis was carried out using a random effects model, and I² indexes were used to evaluate the heterogeneity. The search yielded 5,134 publications, including 8 eligible RCTs. The results indicate that vitamin C and E co-supplementation does not significantly impact levels of serum CRP [weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval with random effects model analysis: -0.22 mg/L (-0.85, 0.41), P=0.5]. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that vitamin C and E co-supplementation significantly reduced serum CRP in participants ≥30 years of age, but significantly increased serum CRP in participants <30 years of age. The results of this meta-analysis indicate beneficial effects of vitamins C and E co-supplementation on CRP in participants ≥30 years of age, and not in younger participants. To confirm these results, further well-designed RCTs are needed.

Association between Circulating Irisin and C-Reactive Protein Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Elham Eslampour,Farzad Ebrahimzadeh,Amir Abbasnezhad,Mohammad Zeinali Khosroshahi,Razieh Choghakhori,Omid Asbaghi 대한내분비학회 2019 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.34 No.2

Background: Although previous studies have demonstrated that irisin plays an anti-inflammatory role in the body, conflicting results have been reported regarding the correlation between serum levels of irisin and C-reactive protein (CRP). The present metaanalysis was conducted to further investigate the correlation between irisin and CRP levels. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, SCOPUS, and Ovid to retrieve studies assessing the correlation between irisin and CRP levels. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model, and the I2 index was used to evaluate heterogeneity. Results: Of the 428 studies that were initially found, 14 studies with 2,530 participants met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The pooled effect size was calculated as 0.052 (95% confidence interval, −0.047 to 0.152; P=0.302). Subgroup analyses identified s ignificant, positive, but weak correlations between CRP and irisin levels in cohort studies, studies conducted among healthy participants, studies in which the male-to-female ratio was less than 1, in overweight or obese subjects, and in studies with a samplesize of at least 100 participants. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis found no overall significant correlation between irisin and CRP levels, although a significant positive correlation was found in overweight or obese subjects. Well-designed studies are needed to verify the results of the present meta-analysis.

Association Between Protein Intake From Different Animal and Plant Origins and the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study

Yasaman Khazaei,Narges Dehghanseresht,Sara Ebrahimi Mousavi,Matin Nazari,Shekoufeh Salamat,Omid Asbaghi,Anahita Mansoori 한국임상영양학회 2023 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.12 No.1

Previous studies have frequently reviewed how different macronutrients affect liver health. Still, no study centered around protein intake and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk relationship. This study aimed to examine the association between the consumption of total and different sources of protein and NAFLD risk. We allocated 243 eligible subjects to the case and control groups, including 121 incidence cases of NAFLD, and 122 healthy controls. Two groups were matched in age, body mass index, and sex. We evaluated the usual food intake of participants using FFQ. Binary logistic regression was conducted to estimate the risk of NAFLD in relation to different sources of protein intake. The age of participants was 42.7 years on average, and 53.1% were male. We found Higher intake of protein in total (odds ratio [OR], 0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11–0.52) was significantly associated with a lower risk of NAFLD, despite adjusting for multiple confounders. in detail, higher tendency to the vegetables (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.13–0.59), grains (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.11–0.52), and nuts (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.12–0.52) as the main sources of protein, were remarkably correlated with lower NAFLD risk. In contrary, increased intake of meat protein (OR, 3.15; 95% CI, 1.46–6.81) was positively associated with a higher risk. Totally, more calorie intake from proteins was inversely associated with lower NAFLD risk. This was more likely when the protein sources were selected less from meats and more from plants. Accordingly, increasing the consumption of proteins, particularly from plants, may be a good recommendation to manage and prevent NAFLD.

Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Lipid Profiles of Patients with Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Amir Abbasnezhad,Amin Hasanavand,Ebrahim Falahi,Sara Kashkooli,Omid Asbaghi,Razieh Choghakhori 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.25 No.2

Results of previous studies regarding the effect of L-carnitine on lipid profiles in the patients with liver diseases are contradictory. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the effect of L-carnitine on serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) in overweight patients with liver diseases. A systematic search was carried out using the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library databases to identify articles published before April 2019 investigating the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on patients with liver disease. There was no language or time limitation for the studies. A meta-analysis was carried out using both the random and fixed effects model where appropriate, and I2 index were used to evaluate heterogeneity. These results indicated that L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduces blood levels of TC and TG in patients with liver disease, whereas carnitine had no effect on the levels of HDL and LDL. The reducing effect of L-carnitine on both TC and TG was found following long-term carnitine supplementation (≥24 weeks), supplementation with doses less than or equal to 2,000 ㎎/d, and in patients with chronic hepatitis C. This meta-analysis indicates the beneficial effect of L-carnitine on TC and TG in overweight patients with liver disease, particularly patients with chronic hepatitis C, in both long-term and low doses.