구조최적화를 위한 국소 탐색 기능 강화 유전 알고리즘의 개발에 관한 연구

최낙기,서명원,조기용 기계기술연구소 2000 성균관대학교 논문집 기계기술편 Vol.2 No.1

It is known that genetic algorithm searches the global optimum of structural problems which mostly have many local minimums. In spite of the advantage of the global search which genetic algorithm has the application to structural problems has been limited, for its slow convergence especially near the optimum point. For the genetic algorithm to be applied to structural problems enhanced local search method for genetic algorithm(ELGA) is devised in this study by adopting mathematical programming technique. During the conventional genetic procedure a feasible and usable direction at the best point is found and searching minimum along the direction is performed to enhance the local search. To verify ELGA two mathematical problems which have many local minimums and two structure problems which are 10 and 25 bar truss problem are applied and its accuracy and fast convergency have confirmed

98세대와 지식인 운동

최낙원 서울大學校 스페인中南美硏究所 1992 이베로아메리카硏究 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the literature motive of the Generation of 1898(G. 98), which influenced to the modern Spanish literature as the main force of so-called "Edad de plata", and, as a result, to make good understanding of the modern Spanish literature. At the same time, because they belong to the so-called "The Intelectuals", which had formed new atmosphere in politics, philosophy, and literature in Europe, we can understand the characteristics of the G. 98's literature movement properly when we study their literature from the viewpoint of intelectual movement: one way of the reconstruction of the national energy in Spain, in which people were in the extreme despair because of the defeat in the Spain-U.S.A. War in 1898. When we see that the above mentioned intelectuals is called "the Generation of 1898", imitating "the Disaster of 1898", we can't deny the historic character that "the G. 98" possesses. In other word, they were the intelectuals who reacted first at the crisis of their fatherland caused by a historic incident named "the Disaster of 1898", and they were patriotic citizens who intented to rescue their nation with their intelectual talant, before being a man of letters. In fact, the literature is one of the patriotic movements to rescue their fatherland. And because they worked at the threshhold of 20th century, as intelectuals who had modern and advanced philosophy, they could not disregard their roles in the process of Spain modernization. Actually, it can be said that they are the people who formed the foundation of modern Spain. They made their efforts to disconnect the relationship with the previous generation, and had the rational, scientific characteristics, influenced by the idea of "regeneracionismo", and the individualistic tendency. Thus, there is no doubt that they laid the foundation of the existential, philosophical, and mental approach in the 20th century literature. In sum, it can be said that the most important characteristics of the G. 98 are the two things: their literature movement as a way of the reconstruction of the national energy and their contribution to lay the foundation of modern Spain.

스페인 현대화 과정에 있어서 G.98의 역할과 문학에의 기여도

崔洛元 全北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the literature motive of the Generation of 1898(G. 98), which influenced to the modern Spanish literature as the main force of so-called "Edad de Plata", and, as a result, to make good understanding of the modern Spanish literature. Especially, by studying the contribution of the G. 98's literature movement to the genre, theme and style, we can understand the differences between the G. 98 and the Modernism movement. At the same time, because they belong to the so-called "The Intelectuals", which had formed new atmosphere in politics, philosophy, and literature in Europe, we can understand the charateristics of the G. 98's literature movement properly when we study their literature from the viewpoint of intelectual movement : one way of the reconstruction of the national energy in Spain, in which people were in the extreme despair because of the defeat in the Spain-U.S.A. War in 1898. When we see that the above mentioned intelectuals is called "the Generation of 1898", imitating "the Disaster of 1898", we can't deny the historic character that "the G. 98" possesses. In other world, they were the intelectuals who reacted first at the crisis of their fatherland caused by a historic incident named "the Disater of 1898", and they were patriotic citizens who intended to rescue their nation with their intelectual talant, before being a man of letters. In fact, the literature is one of the patriotic movements to rescue their fatherland. And because they worked at the threshhold of 20th century, as intelectuals who had modern and advanced philosophy, they could not disregard their roles in the process of Spain modernization. Actually, it can be said that they are the people who formed the foundation of modern Spain. They made their efforts to disconnect the relationship with the previous generation, and had the rational, scientific characteristics, influenced by the idea of "regeneracionismo", and the individualistic tendency. Thus, there is no doubt that they laid the foundation of the existential, philosophical, and mental approach in the 20th century literature. In sum, it can be said that most important characteristics of the G. 98 are the two things : their literature movement as a way of the reconstruction of the national energy and their contribution to lay the foundation of modern Spain.

동·서양의 巫女와 魔女의 비교연구 : 세르반테스의 「개들의 대화」와 김동리의 「巫女圖」 를 중심으로 en torno a una novela coreana El Cuadro de una shaman y una novela cervantina El coloquio de los perros

최낙원 세계문학비교학회 2001 世界文學比較硏究 Vol.5 No.-

El shamanismo y la brujeri′a que hemos encontrado en los dos textos de un autor coreano y de Cervantes presentan las similitudes en mayor parte: una shaman y una bruja tienen comu′nmente los dioses duen~os que son cosas de la naturaleza, los antepasados, los fundadores de los pueblos etc. Sobre todo ellas adoran los a′rboles, las plantas y los animales. Estos son de la naturaleza. Por lo tanto, resulta que ellas tienen una creencia en la Naturaleza misma. Adema′s, como la brujeri′a tiene algunas relaciones estrechas con la mitologi′a grecorromana, el shamanismo depende en gran medida de los mitos de Manchuria y Siberia. De esta manera, nos damos cuenta de que la mitologi′a forma parte de las doctrinas de ambas religiones primitivas, las que se concentran mayormente en las actividades rituales. Sin embargo, existen tambie′n unas diferencias, aunque son pocas en comparacio′n con las semejanzas: las brujas occidentales utilizan frecuentemente algunas medicinas para entrar en el estado de e′xtasis espiritual. Podemos encontrar muchos testimonios sobre esto en los textos literarios, por ejemplo, en Celestina, algunas obras de Cervantes etc. En vez de las medicinas, las shaman usan unos papeles especiales para echar a los demonios de la casa y del cuerpo. La diferencia ma′s notable existe en las actividades rituales: las del shamanismo esta′n abiertas para el pu′blico y tienen un cara′cter festivo del pueblo. Pero, las de la brujeri′a, en secreto. Este es el fruto de "las cazas a las brujas" que llevaban a cabo durente mucho tiempo en Europa. Hasta ahora, hemos visto las semejanzas y las diferencias entre el shamanismo y la brujeri′a, encontradas en los textos de ambos autores, de Corea y de Espan~a. El shamanismo y la brujeri′a representan respectivamente la base de los pensamientos de los pueblos de ambas tierras. Esta base tambie′n conforma la identidad de ambos pueblos. Por lo tanto, el estudio comparativo sobre el shamanismo del Extremo Oriente y la brujeri′a del Occidente nos ayuda a comprender bien los pensamientos, las ideas y las actividades culturales de ambos hemisferios. De esta manera, los malentendimientos y los prejuicios culturales pueden desaparecer poco a poco a medida que va acumulando este tipo de los estudios. Este es el motivo principal del estudio que he hecho.

표백술에 의한 복합 레진의 색변화와 색소 침착 정도

최낙원,손호현 대한치과보존학회 2000 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.25 No.4

Among the effects of tooth bleaching on composite resins, degree of color change and dye deposition onto composite resins after office bleaching were investigated in vitro. Seventy two disc-shaped resin samples were fabricated with hybrid type composite resin, Z-100 under 3 different environments(24 samples for each environment) characterized by 3 kinds of light-curing intensity and duration(250mW/㎠-20sec., 250mW/㎠-40sec., 550mW/㎠-20sec.). As control, one-third samples of each group were not treated with bleaching agent. The remaining two-thirds samples of each group were treated with bleaching agent(bleaching group). Then, before thermocycling procedure in coffee bath, the half of the samples treated with bleaching agent were polished(polishing group) with polishing system, SofLex, but the other half(not-polishing group) and control group were not polished. Another 72 samples were also made with microfilled type composite resin, Silux Plus and treated according to the experimental procedures mentioned above. The color of each resin sample was measured before bleaching, after bleaching, and after thermocycling preceded by bleaching. And color difference was evaluated. It was concluded as follows; 1.The amount of color change of resin samples after office bleaching was not statistically significant(p>0.05) . But the samples which were treated with bleaching agent showed more color change than that of control group. 2.After thermocycling in coffee bath, the amount of color change of resin samples between control and bleaching group was not statistically significant(p>0.05). 3 After thermocycling in coffee bath, the polishing procedure of resin samples showed no statistically significant difference(p>0.05) between polishing and not-polishing group in the aspect of color change.

작업관련 상지의 근골격계 질환 선별 및 감시를 위한 미국 NIOSH-style 설문지와 Nordic-style 설문지의 타당도 비교

최원준,성낙정,강영중,한상환 大韓産業醫學會 2008 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.20 No.3

목적: 작업관련 근골격계 질환의 선별검사에 사용되는 두 종류의 증상설문지(NIOSH 스타일 설문지,노르딕 스타일 설문지)의 결과를 신체검사 결과와 비교하여 타당도를 평가하고,활용방안에 대하여 검토하고자 수행되었다. 방법: 인천에 위치한 3개의 제조업 사업장 근로자 208명을 대상으로 NIOSH 스타일 설문지와 노르딕 스타일 설문지를 작성하도록 하고,신체검사를 시행하였다. 신체 검사 소견과 과거병력을 바탕으로 한 환례정의를 최적기준으로 하여 두 설문지의 민감도,특이도,양성예측도,음성예측도,일치도를 구하여 타당도를 조사하였다. 결과: NIOSH 스타일 설문지는 민감도 59.5%, 특이도 68.0%, 양성예측도 68.0%, 음성예측도는 59.5%로 조사되었다. 카파계수(Kappa coefficient)로 나타낸 일치도는 0.27(95% confidence interval 〔CI〕=0.14∼0.40)이었다. 노르딕 스타일 설문지는 민감도 73.9%, 특이도 68.0%,양성예측도 72.6%,음성예측도 69.5%로 조사되었다. 카파계수로 나타낸 일치도는 0.42(95% CI=O.30∼0.54)이었다. NIOSH 스타일 설문지와 노르딕 스타일 설문지의 일치도는 카파계수 0.43(95% CI= 0.31∼O.55)로 나타났다. 증상강도의 합계점수가 2점 이상인 경우를 기준으로 했을 때,노르딕 스타일 설문지의 민감도는 72.1%,특이도는 70.1%이었다. 결론: 두 설문지 모두 적절한 타당도를 가지고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. NIOSH 스타일 설문지는 증상의 빈도,지속기간,강도를 조사할 수 있고 이에 따라 다양한 양성기준을 설정할 수 있다. 노르딕 스타일 설문지는 민감도가 높은 편이고,증상의 강도를 설문항목에 포함시킬 경우 양성기준을 다양화하기 쉽다는 점과 문항이 간단하고 작성하기 쉽다는 점을 장점으로 들 수 있다. 조사 목적과 작업장의 특성에 따라 두 설문지를 적절하게 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Objectives: The study aimed to compare the validity of two questionnaires (NIOSH- and Nordic-style) which are used for the screening and surveillance of neck and upper extremity work-related musculoskeletal disorders. To evaluate the validity, clinical examination was used as the reference. Methods: Two types of questionnaire were filled out by 208 workers from three different plants in Incheon, Korea. Workers underwent clinical examination by three occupational physicians. The presence of a symptom or sign in at least one body region was regarded as positive in both results of questionnaire and case definition using clinical examination. Validity was evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and agreement (Kappa coefficient). For the Nordic-style questionnaire, the sum of the symptom scores was used to yield the ROC curve. Results: The results of the NIOSH-style questionnaire were sensitivity 59.5%, specificity 68.0%, positive predictive value 68.0%, negative predictive value 59.5%, and Kappa coefficient 0.27(95% confidence interval [CI]=0.14∼0.40). The results of the Nordic-style questionnaire were sensitivity 73.9%, specificity 68.0%, positive predictive value 72.6%, negative predictive value 69.5%, and Kappa coefficient 0.42 (95% CI=0.30∼0.54). For the Nordic-style questionnaire, sensitivity was 72.1 % and specificity was 70.1 % based on the sum of the symptom scores≥2. Conclusions: Both questionnaires demonstrated appropriate validity for the screening and surveillance of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The selection of questionnaire may depend on the purpose of investigation and characteristics of the work place.

사후분해 시체에 대한 법의학적 접근

최영식,이상용,김유훈,조갑래,이봉우,양경무,정낙은,서중석,이한영,이원태,강현욱 大韓法醫學會 2000 대한법의학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Disposal of a homicide victim by dismemberment is rare, but individual cases are on record in most major medicolegal departments. Recognition of postmortem mutilation may be of importance in the interpretation of certain murders committed by sexual perverts and other mentally deranged individuals and sometimes performed for the sole reason of easier disposal of the body. Postmortem dismemberment is usually readily recognizable as such; The edges of the injuries are dry and lack evidence of bleeding. The joints may be disarticulated without fracture, or the use of an axe or saw may be evident from examination of bones. Parallel horizontal or oblique furrows in the bone surface are caused by skipping of the saw prior to establishing depth. Such patterns on the bone may assist in identifying the particular saw involved. So we report 25 dismembered corpses that autopsied in National Institute of Scientific Investigation. This paper can help in attempting to establish not only the first criminal investigation steps but also the medicolegal approach methods in unidentified and dismembered deaths.

유방암의 뇌하수체 전이에 의한 양안 시력소실 1 예

최낙원,안명주,김재민,박동우,박용욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2000 한양의대 학술지 Vol.20 No.1

Pituitary gland metastasis is a rare clinical diagnosis, usually made in the setting of known primary systemic cancer with widespread metastasis to other organs. But visual loss as a presenting symptom of metastasis to the pituitary gland is unusal. We report here a case of 45-year-old woman who had been diagnosed as having metastatic breast cancer involving bone and liver 2 years ago, and received high dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, developed sudden bilateral complete visual loss. At initial presentation, the patient had no light perception and no pupillary response to light in both eyes, but without evidence of panhypopituitarism, or diabetes insipidus. Brain MRI showed a large enhanced mass invasion to the cavernous sinus and extension to the suprasella portion without dura or base-of-skull metastasis. Pathologic examination showed metastatic breast cancer. Despite the transsphenoidal decompression surgery of metastatic tumor, the visual loss was not improved.

초미세 마이크로 소성성형 가공시스템 기술 개발

이낙규,최태훈,이혜진,최석우,박훈재,나원기 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

In this paper Research development about a micro metal forming manufacturing system has been developed. A micro forming system has been achieved in Japan and it's developed micro press is limited to single forming process. To coincide with the purpose to be more practical, research and development is necessary about the press which the multi forming process is possible. We set the development of the equipment including micro deep drawing, micro punching and micro restriking process to the goal. To achieve this goal, Research about micro forming process to be related to multi process forming must be preceded first. Material selection and analysis about micro forming process are accomplished in this paper. And the basis research to make actual system is accomplished.

댐퍼를 갖는 복합구조 외팔보의 비틀림진동해석을 통한 접합부의 구조성능 평가

유형원,최낙삼 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1999 工學技術論文集 Vol.8 No.1

자동차의 크랭크축계 및 댐퍼풀리를 연구대상 모델로하여 댐퍼를 갖는 외팔보 복합구조물에 대한 자유 비틀림 진동특성을 검토하고 모델실험, 모달해석, 유한요소해석을 실시했다. 실험모델 구조물로는 금속 단일구조물, 금속/고무 복합구조물을 제작 사용했다. 결론적으로, 충격햄머를 이용한 자유진동실험을 통해 용접부와 기계적 체결부, 고무접착부의 강성과 감쇠계수를 1자유도법, 2자유도법, 3자유도법으로 평가할 수 있었다. Torsional free-vibration characteristics of a cantilever beam with damper have been studied using the theoretical and experimental modal analyses and a finite-element method. The torsional beam was made as a model of the crankshaft system with a damper pulley for motor car. Two kinds of model beams were used: simple metal beam and metal/rubber composite structure beam. Consequently, Stiffness and damping factor for weld, mechanical joint and adhered rubber layer could be evaluated using one-degree, two-degree, three-degree of freedom analyses through and impact hammer test.