서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

어린이에서 수술 중 엎드린 자세와 누운 자세에서의 심박수변이도의 비교

김혜경,김종성,김성덕,김희수,염명걸,백진우 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Comparison of Heart Rate Variability between the Supine and Prone Plsition during General Anesthesia in Children Hee-Soo Kim, M.D., Jin-Woo Baik, M.D., Chong Sung Kim, M.D., Seong Deok Kim, M.D. Myung0Kul Yum, M.D.^*, and Hae Kyung Kim, M.D.^?? Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University ^*Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University ^??Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea Background: It is well known that the prone position affects hemodynamics. In this study, we investigate whether the prone position will affect the heart rate variability compard with the supine position. Methods: Sixty five pediatric patients were assigned to supine group (n = 36) and prone group (n = 29) according to position during surgery. The patients were indeced with thiopental and vecuronium and maintained with O_2-enflurane-N_2O. ECG data was collected for 15 minutes after saturation at the end tidal concentration of the inhalent agent. From the ECG data, power spectral analysis was performed and approximate entropy was calculated. Results: IN the prone group, low frequency power and ratio of low to high frequency power were lower and approximate entropy was higher than those in the supine group. Mean heart rate and blood pressure were no different between the two groups. Conclusions: IN the prone position, sympathetic autonomic activity and balance of the autonomic nervous system decreased. However the complexity of regulation of heart rate variability was maintained in the prone position. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 455~460)

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

Surgical technique for single-port laparoscopy in huge ovarian tumors: SW Kim`s technique and comparison to laparotomy

( Jeong Sook Kim ),( In Ok Lee ),( Kyung Jin Eoh ),( Young Shin Chung ),( Inha Lee ),( Jung-yun Lee ),( Eun Ji Nam ),( Sunghoon Kim ),( Young Tae Kim ),( Sang Wun Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.60 No.2

Objective This study aimed to introduce a method to remove huge ovarian tumors (≥15 cm) intact with single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) using SW Kim`s technique and to compare the surgical outcomes with those of laparotomy. Methods Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent either SPLS (n=21) with SW Kim`s technique using a specially designed 30×30-cm2-sized 3XL LapBag or laparotomy (n=22) for a huge ovarian tumor from December 2008 to May 2016. Perioperative surgical outcomes were compared. Results In 19/21 (90.5%) patients, SPLS was successfully performed without any tumor spillage or conversion to multi-port laparoscopy or laparotomy. There was no significant difference in patient characteristics, including tumor diameter and total operation time, between both groups. The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter for the SPLS group than for the laparotomy group (median, 2 [1 to 5] vs. 4 [3 to 17] days; P<0.001). The number of postoperative general diet build-up days was also significantly shorter for the SPLS group (median, 1 [1 to 4] vs. 3 [2 to 16] days; P<0.001). Immediate post-operative pain score was lower in the SPLS group (median, 2.0 [0 to 8] vs. 4.0 [0 to 8]; P=0.045). Patient-controlled anesthesia was used less in the SPLS group (61.9% vs. 100%). Conclusion SPLS was successful in removing most large ovarian tumors without rupture and showed quicker recovery and less immediate post-operative pain in comparison to laparotomy. SPLS using SW Kim`s technique could be a feasible solution to removing huge ovarian tumors.

서울의 PPNG 발생 빈도(1991-1992)

김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.

朝鮮王朝實錄에 記載된 孝女·節婦에 관한 小考 : 太祖實錄∼中宗實錄을 中心으로 From the Tae-jo Authentic History to the Jung-Jong Authentic History

金璟鎭 淑明女子大學校 亞細亞女性問題硏究所 1977 아시아여성연구 Vol.16 No.-

The writer layed emphasis on the 81 selected women of filial daughters anti. the virtuous women, who were descripted from The Tao-Jo authentic history to the Jung-Jong authentic history among the authentic record of Yi Dynasty. (3 women among Tae-Jo authentic record, 15 women from Tae-Jong, 21 women from Se-Jong. 25 women from Dan Jong. 11 women from Sung Jong, 2 women from Yeon San Gun and 4 women from Jung Jong) The writer's aim of this study is as follows; namely, the write- believes that the basic spiritual attitude of traditional women of Yi-Dynasty can be a kind. of pattern to such a modern women like those -who have w) definite subject and right vi:,w of value for the filial duty .and the chastity, who had been considering their tired. and fatigued life as the god's will by looking about sacrifice, filial duty and perseverance, for which the zeal filial daughters and the virtuous women among the authentic record had experienced. $quot;The Virtuous women who were descripted in Tae Jo authentic record.$quot; Women of the Tae-Jo era kept, their chastity by committed suicide when the ,Japanese invaders were about to rap?, them with fierce violation. $quot;The filial daughters and the virtuous women, descripted in Tae-Jong authentic record.$quot; Young widows Of this era usually remained chaste all their lives with bobbed. hair or stretched a curtain by the graveyard of her husband and lived there for 3 years why taking care of it. And also supported her old parents-in-1aw, and after their death, she also spent 3 years mourning for her parents-in-law. Indispensable condition for womanhood at that tune was to perform responsibly the mourning salute for the honour to her family. Son's family, Oh's family, Seok's family, Lee's family etc. All of them are famous for their mourning salute. Furthermore, Miss Byun performed 3 years mourning .for her mother, and then another 3 years for her father according to the courtesy of mourning salute when sho. was 13 years old. By seeing Miss Byun's filial mind, we can emagine how children of that time had grown under the morale of confucianism $quot;The virtuous women and the filial daughters descripted in Se-Jong authentic record.$quot; In this time, the confucian courtesy especially became the basic one under the large family system, and also became the most important principle of the religious service for the ancester. Therefore there appeared so marry Virtuous women as though tire virtue of women means only remaining chaste. At this time, if young widow has no son, then she lived in the home of her birth. However, Kim's family for instance, though her parents, sisters and brothers forced her remarriage, She escaped to her husband's home and supported her parents-in-law by cooking delicious foods making new clothes. The wife of Mr. Kim Jun for instance, after 3 years of mourning for her dead husband, she remained chaste without eating any meat and garlic for 15 years. Meon Si for instance, when she was 13 year old, she cured her mother's insanity by cutting her finger. Such an extreme filial mind could cure even insanity. $quot;The filial daughters and the various women, descriped in Dan Jong authentic record$quot; With the lapse of time, The humber of the virtuous women increased, and the main reason pray be the awarding to the virtuous women in Se-Jong era. And also the spirit of $quot;wives should fellow the one way$quot; saturated to the public as an immovable strict regulation. The main factors of the courtesies were coronet, marriage, mourning and the religious service. Among these, the courtesies of mourning arid the religious service were the inheritance of the family so the formation was established with a deep connection. Most of the young widows at this tune refused the sincere remarriage request from the borne of her birth, then remained chaste, taking care of the graveyard for 3 year;, without eating any meat and garlic according tire family circumstances during her whole life Yang's family for instance, remained chaste by doing suicide, Oo Yong wore mourning cloth for- 3 years, Han's and Song's family 'worshiped the memorial tablet of her husband and payed her respect for 30 years atthe same way with the living people. Like these, the thoroughness of the religious service and the recommendation of the remaining chaste became stiff and settled. $quot;Virtuous women, descripted in Sung long authentic record.$quot; The aspect of the virtuous women at this time is a little different. Chabi and Gum Duk cut their finger for the purpose of curing their husbands' malignant disease by grinding cutted fingle to powder, mixing with soup and alcohol. Mrs. Hong Brought the memorial in her arm tablet from the fierce fire, Sungli worshiped the memorial tablet of her husband and also served religious service when the date of religious service comes, wore newly made cloth. After the service, burned up, that cloth, and lived without eating any meat and garlic for 20 years. $quot;Virtuous women, descripted in Yeon San Gun's Diary.$quot; At that time the reign of Yeon San was not long enough, so the tendency from the Tae Jong Era had not influened greatly. However, Yeon San's reign was digressive and also he was a tyrant. Yeon San hated and diliked so called filial daughters or the virtuous women. Of course there were no awaring for the filial women and the 100 days of mourning was popular between the lower class. But the most important and remarkable thing is, even in these kinds of circumstances, the story of the virtuous women were descripted in Yeom San Dairy. Shin's family, Mae Eub Duk kept their graveyards and never ate sole aind bean sance. And later, became a priestess with their hair cut, because their home of their birth forced then remarrige. Jang's family remained chaste with her hair cut and Park's family served every religious service, and after the service, burned up newly made cloth. $quot;Virtuous women, descripted in Jung-Jong authentic record.$quot; At this time, the confucian courtesy re-fixed and strengthened,-which were stopped during Yeon-San's Reign. And as for the mourning, the period fixed to 3 years. Lee's and Jin's families, spent 3 years mourning, served religious service and also worshiped the memorial tablet, then lived alone by serving memorial service during her whole life. Many aspects were appeared for remaining chaste. Among them, one is Min's family, she committed suicide only for that reason that she had no intention for remarriage.

과학적 근거 중심 평가를 도입한 마늘의 콜레스테롤 조절 기능성 평가

김인혜;조강진;김진영;황경아;황유진;채유진;엄애선 한양대학교 2010 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.30 No.1

Garlic (Allium sativum) is used a flavouring agent and a traditional medicine in human history. Numerous studies support the fact that garlic intake may have effect on cholesetrol-lowering. No claims currently have been made about garlic intake and cholesterol-lowering effect with respect to health claim in Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the scientific evidence on garlic intake and cholesterol-lowering effect by the scientific evidence-based rating system of Korean Food and Drug Administration for health claim. We carried out a comprehensive search of the Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and manual searches of relevant journals for studies between 1955-2009. The search terms were garlic and Allium sativum in combination with cholesterol. Eighteen clinical stidies were included and reviewed to evaluate the strength of evidence that supports a relation between garlic intake and cholesterol-lowering effect. Our results suggests that level of scientific evidence on garlic intake and cholesterol-lowering effect is "other function (II) probable".

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1994)

김재홍,안진균,정성재,김영태,김중환,김시영,이석종,이홍렬,서호석,김경훈,권혁진,정우권,고우석,이용석,안필수,오준규,오용섭 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Background : In recent years gonorrhoea has been panendemic and remains one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Method : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae(PPNG), Ive have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1994, 168 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 109 (64,9% ) were PPNG. Conclustion : Our results suggests that the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is still increasing.

노인에서 신체질환과 불면증 간의 전향적 연관성

김재민,김성완,양수진,김선영,배경열,조준영,윤탁,신일선,윤진상 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.5

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the associations between physical disorders and prevalent/incident insomnia m a community dwelling older population. Methods : 1,204 people aged 65 or over evaluated at baseline. Insomnia was defined as difficulty in initiation or maintenance of sleep on at least three nights per week over the last month. Reported physical disorders covering 11 common and generally chronic health problems were ascertained. Covariates included were age, gender, education, housing, Past occupation, current employment, and depression. Of 879 without insomnia at baseline, 651 (74%) were followed 2 years later, and incident insomnia was evaluated. Results : Prevalent insomnia was significantly associated with 10 of 11 physical disorders. Incident insomnia was associated with 2 physical disorders : eyesight problems and hearing difficulty. Both prevalent and incident insomnia were significantly associated with increased number of physical disorders. Conclusion : Certain physical disorders were comorbid and precipitating factors of insomnia in elders.

糞尿와 都市 廢棄物과의 混合處理에 대한 硏究 (Ⅰ) : 肥料化를 中心으로한 實驗室的 考察 Experimental study for the fertilization

金熙鐘,金相烈,金秀生,孫晋彦,金燦國,成周慶,吳英敏 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1977 硏究報告 Vol.1 No.1

우리나라에 있어서 都市廢棄物의 主인 糞尿와 固形廢棄物의 太宗인 無煙炭재를 同時에 效果的으로 處理할 수 있고 또한 堆肥化시킬 수 있는 好氣性 酸化方式의 最適條件을 얻기 위하여 生糞尿 및 煉炭재의 理化學的 및 生物學的 數値를 測定하고 이를 基礎로하여 上記 兩者를 混合處理 할수 있는 消化條件(溫度, 糞尿와 煉炭재의 配合比, 기타 固形物의 添加量, 注入되는 空氣量의 變化)에 따른 C.O.D., B.O.D.의 變化, 水分 및 電氣傳導度의 變化, 熱灼減量, N量의 變化 等을 硏究하였으며 이들 사이의 相關關係를 檢討하여 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. 生糞尿에 固形廢棄物인 煉炭재나 紙類를 配合시켜 消化시키므로서 케이크속의 질소成分의 量을 增加 시킬수 있다. 2. 煉炭재의 配合은 糞尿의 消化速度를 增加 시킨다. 3. 糞尿의 處理를 위한 反應槽의 溫度는 50℃보다 60℃로 維持 시킬때 消化速度가 크다. 4. 反應槽의 溫度를 一定하게 했을때 空氣의 注入速度는 初期 反應時는 적게하고 後期 反應時는 크게 함이 效果的 이다. For the effective treatment and usable disposal of urban wastes in the area of Busan city, the composition of the nightsoil and anthracite bulky ash which is the main munic ipal solid wastes have been studied on the digestion of the compositive mixtures with the variable conditions that are ratio of compounding between nightsoil and ash, amount of solid additives and volume of air for the effective airation at 50, 65℃. The digestion has been detected by the physico-chemical and biological data; pH, specific gravity, content of moisture, C.O.D., B.O.D., electroconductance of the solution of the results, decrease of nition, and volume of total free nitrogen etc. The results are obtained as follows. 1) The characteristics of domestic nightsoil are different to the foreign data as table 5, but the data of anthracite ash almost are same except the composition of Fe₂O₃ and Al₂O₃. 2) Amount of total free nitrogen are increased by the digestion with the addition of solid waste, as effective absorption, to the nightsoil. 3) The digestion are accelerated by the compounding of ash, but the adding of sulfuric acid to fix the free ammonia reduced reaction. 4) The airation have to proceed slowly at initial step, and then endure enough volume of air at the later step.