서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

독일어 영어 동사구조 및 형태의 통계적 비교

김순임,송경안 한국독일어교육학회 1998 외국어로서의 독일어 Vol.3 No.-

Beim Lernen der Fremdsprache wird der Transfer der schon erwor-benen oder erlernten Sprache vorausgesetzt. Um Deutsch als zweite Fremdsprache effektiv zu lernen und zu lehren ist es notwendig, die lexikalische Struktur des Englischen, das bei uns als erste Fremd-sprache fungiert, zu kennen. Denn normalerweise denkt man, daβ die lexikalische Struktur der beiden Sprachen sehr ahnlich waren, weil sie historisch gesehen aus der gleichen Sprachfamilie, dem Germanischen, stammen. Aber durch den Vergleich der Lexik im Deutschen und Englischen wrid gezeigt, daβ die Struktur der englischen Worter eher dem Franzosischen, einer der romanischen Sprachen, nahesteht als dem Deutschen. In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, wieweit die Verben der beiden Sprache in der morphologischen Struktur gleich oder unterschiedlich sind. Aus de statistischen vergleichsanalyse einer bestimmten Quantitat von deutschen und englischen Verben Verben stellen sich einige Phanomene Heraus: 1. In der Frequenz des wiederholten Auftretens der Verben zeigne die beiden Sprachen keinen groβen Unterschied und diesbezuglich tritt die durchschnittliche Produktivitat der Verben beider Sprachen fast gleich auf. 2. Im Englischen kommen die zweigliedrigen Verben haufig vor, die den zusammengesetzen Verben des Deutschen entsprechen. 3. In der analyse der zusammengesetzen Verben der beiden Sprachen ergibt sich, daβ die Durchschnittsproduktivtat der Morpheme der englischen Verben niedriger ist als die der deutschen Verben. Das bedeutet, daβ das Deutsche im Vergleich mit dem Englischen aus den relativ wenigen Morphemen viele Verben gestalten kann. 4. Die Morphemkombinationsmoglichkeit der deutchen Verben ist groβer als im Englischen. Das beruht darauf daβ die deutschen Morpheme verschiedene Funktionen haben. Beispielsweise kann ein Verbzusatzmorphem sowohl als Verbstamm, als auch als Grundverb fungieren. Dieses Merkmal bezieht sich auf fast dem gleichen Prozentsatz der durchschnittlichen Produktivitat der deutschen Verben wie beim Englischen. 5. Die Verbaffixe beider Sprachen ahneln sich fast nicht in ihrer Formen. Die Ahnlichkeit der Verbformen von dem Englischen und dem Deutschen betragt 20%, wobei der Prozentsatz der Affinitat zwischen englischen und franzosischen Verben doppelt hoch ist. Aus der Untersuchung konnen wir sagen, daβ sich die englische Sprache auf der lexikalischen Ebene dem Deutschen unahnlich entwickelt hat und daβ diese Tatsache zum Unterricht des Deutschen als zweiter Fremdsprache im Rahmen des Transfers des Englischen auf das Deusche erkannt werden muβ.

Critical Temperatures for Initiating and Arresting Delayed Hydride Cracking in a Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tube

Kim, Young Suk,Im, Kyung Soo,Cheong, Yong Moo Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2005 Key Engineering Materials Vol.297 No.-

<P>The hydrogen concentration limit and critical temperatures for a delayed hydride cracking (DHC) in zirconium alloys have been reanalyzed using Kim’s DHC model that a driving force for DHC is not the stress gradient but the supersaturated hydrogen concentration or ∆C arising from a hysteresis of the terminal solid solubility on a heating and on a cooling. The DHC initiation occurs generally at the temperatures corresponding to the terminal solid solubility for precipititation (TSSP), demonstrating that the supercooling from the terminal solid solubility for dissolution (TSSD) is required to initiate the DHC. The DHC arrest temperatures correspond to the temperatures where the ∆C is reduced to zero. Therefore, we conclude that the ∆C is the driving force for the DHC and that the Kim’s DHC model is feasible.</P>

민들레 잎과 뿌리 분말을 첨가한 설기떡의 품질 특성

유경미,김세희,장정화,황인경,김경임,김성수,김영찬 한국조리과학회 2005 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

In order to develop a dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) with natural food applications, the effects of dandelion leaves and roots powder content on the physical, textural and sensory properties of sulggidduk were examined. Dandelion powders of leaves and roots at 0, 1, 2 and 3% were added to the dandelion sulgidduk. In the dandelion roots powder in sulgidduk, the color intensity of L values and the values and moisture content decreased however, the sensory color intensity, dandelion flavor and overall acceptability increased with increasing the dandelion powder content. The sensory overall acceptability indicated the dandelion roots powder content at 3% had the highest overall and flavor scores. As the dandelion leaves content was increased, the moisture contents, lightness, adhesiveness and cohesiveness of sulggidduk decreased, while the sensory color intensity, sensory hardness, hardness of texture properties and dandelion flavor increased. The addition at 1% of the dandelion leaves powder content with the dandelion sulggidduk and the addition at 3% of the dandelion roots powder content with the dandelion sulggidduk showed the highest overall acceptability.

람블편모충(Giardia lamblia) 감염에 있어 면역학적 진단법의 가치에 관한 연구

金禎洙,任敬一,李根泰 연세대학교 의과대학 1982 연세의대논문집 Vol.15 No.2

이질아메바에 의한 인체 대장상피세포주 HT-29에서의 interleukin-8 유전자의 발현

김정목,정현채,임경일,조양자,김정룡 INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1995 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.26 No.1

이질아메바에 의한 장염 환자의 조직 또는 이질아메바를 실험적으로 감염시킨 동물의 조직 검사에서 호중구의 침윤이 특징적으로 관찰된다. 그러나 이와같은 호중구의 침윤을 설명할 수 있는 기전에 대한 연구는 매우 미흡하다. 따라서 본 연구자들은 아메바 감염 초기에 인체 대장상피세포에서 interleukin-8(IL-8)이 유도되어 호중구 침윤과 같은 염증반응이 유발될 것이라는 가설을 설정하였다. 이를 위하여 인체 대장상피세포주인 HT-29에 이질아메바 영양형을 실험적으로 노출시킨 뒤 발현되는 IL-8 mRNA를 역전사 중합효소법(reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR)으로 검사함과 동시에 발현된 IL-8 mRNA를 인공적으로 합성시킨 표준 RNA와 RT-PCR법을 이용하여 정량하였다. 실험 결과 이질아메바 영양형에 노출된 30분 후 부터 IL-8 mRNA가 발현되기 시작하였다. 그리고 그 발현 분자수는 노출 시간의 증가에 따라 계속 증가하여 3시간 대에는 3.1×10(7) molecules/㎍ total RNA를 나타내었다. 동시에 IL-8 mRNA의 발현은 노출시킨 이질아메바 영양형의 수에 비례하였다. 즉, HT-29/아메바 영양형의 비율이 10:1인 경우 IL-8 mRNA의 발현 분자수는 1.2×10(7) molecules/㎍ total RNA로 나타났다. 이와같은 IL-8 mRNA의 발현은 IL-8 단백질 분비로 이어짐을 ELISA 검사로 확인할 수 있었다. 한편 이질아메바 파쇄액(lysate)도 대장상피세포주인 Caco-2에서 IL-8 mRNA발현을 유도하였다. 결론적으로 본 실험은 이질아메바 감염 초기에 대장상피세포로 부터 IL-8이 발현되며 이에 의하여 염증반응이 촉발될 가능성이 있음을 시사해 준다. The protozoan parasite, Entamoeba histolytica, is one of major causative agents of intestinal disease all over the world. In acute experimental infection, the early host response to E. histolytica is characterized by an infiltration of neutrophils. However, the chemotactic signal for this response is not well known. Based on the finding that human epithelial cells produce the potent neutrophil chemoattractant and activator, interlukin-8 (IL-8), IL-8 gene expression was examined thoroughly in human colon epithelial cells exposed to E. histolytica trophozoites. Cellular RNAs were extracted from HT-29 or Caco-2 human colon epithelial cells exposed to E. histolytica trophozoities for 30 minutes. 1 and 3 hours. IL-8 mRNA transcripts were measured by reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using synthetic standard RNA. The number of IL-8 mRNA molecules increased from 30 minutes to 3 hours of exposure period, reaching 3.1×10(7) molecules/㎍ of total RNA. Expression pattern of IL-8 mRNA transcripts was parallel to the amounts of IL-8 protein measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Lysates of E. histolytica also induced expression of mRNA for IL-8 in colon epithelial cells. These results suggest that acute inflammatory reaction by E. hisstolytica may be initially triggered by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 secreted from epithelial cells of the colon.

한과 중 유과의 제조방법 개선연구

이선임,김경자 東亞大學校附設 生活科學硏究所 2004 생활과학연구 논문집 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study is the new expansion method research using sand, salt and charcoal except expansion using oil. The Yukwa base has been expanded by the oil traditionally, but the Yukwa base expanded by oil felt oily and smelled bad during storage. We studied the new expansion method compared with the oil expansion method and the proper condition of the new expansion method using sand, salt and charcoal. 1. To find the most expansion temperature, we studied the Yukwa base,s expansion degree from 120℃ to 200℃ using the sand bath. The Yukwa base,s surface broke and was the dark browning during expansion at 200℃. The Yukwa base,s didn't break and was good browning during expansion at 160℃. The Yukwa base,s contracted, adhered sand, and didn't appear the browning during expansion at 120℃. 2. When the Yukwa base was expanded at 200℃ by the salt expansion method, the Yukwa base was expanded fast but became dark browning. At 150-160℃ of salt bath, the Yukwa base expanded very well, was stable and became good browning but tasted salty. 3. The Yukwa base has long time until the Yukwa base was expanded at 90℃, The Yukwa base was expanded properly and good browning at 110-120℃ for 2 minutes. 4. The Yukwa base was expanded in first fry(110-120℃, 1 minute), and then the Yukwa base was stable and good browning in second fry(170-180℃, 1 minute) 5. The Yukwa base was made of glutinous rice, raw crude rice wine and bean water by K,s preparation. We studied the Yukwa base expansion degree using sand, salt and charcoal. The Yukwa base was the most expansion by the expansion method using edible oil. The Yukwa base by expansion method using sand and salt was smaller than the Yukwa base by expansion method using oil. The cross section of the Yukwa base by expansion method using sand was showed that the hole of cross section was constant, and surface was thin. The Yukwa base by expansion method using sand was high score in the tenderness and crispness of sensory evaluation. The Yukwa base by expansion method using salt was salty taste because of salt. 6. The Yukwa base was made of glutinous rice, clear rice wine and bean water by Y,s and H,s preparation, respectively. The Yukwa base by expansion method using sand was lower in the expansion rate compared with the Yukwa base by expansion method using oil. But the Yukwa base by expansion method using sand was high scores in the tenderness and crispness of the sensory evaluation. If we use sanitary sand and make good in Yukwa processing, The Yukwa base by expansion method using sand was good food without oily and the storage period was longer than the Yukwa base by expansion method using edible oil.

휠체어 사용자의 기능적인 바지 디자인 개발

김경임,이정란 한국의류산업학회 2004 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.6 No.2

This study shows the result of the survey conducted for male adults who had to use wheelchairs. The objectives of this study are to develop and improve the clothes for the disabled people and to make those garments put into practice. For this purpose, the survey was conducted at first so as to understand the situation of the disabled peoples wearing clothes and the garment demands. This survey is to suggest the suited form of the pants they want. The result of the study is as follows. 1) The average age of the subjects was 38.4 years old. They have used wheelchairs for 12 years on the average. Most subjects two limbs were paralyzed because of the acquired spinal paralysis. 60 percent of them were wearing the urine bags all the time. The average size of the pants they purchased was 39 inches, which means that their waist and abdominal circumstance were very big. 2) Regarding the situation of wearing habits, although the subjects usually purchased ready-to-wear, most of them are very dissatisfied with them. Especially, they considered the size as their main dissatisfaction. The main concern for buying garments was how comfortable and mobile they are while wearing them. They also needed outdoor garments. Lastly, they looked forward to the shop specialized in the garments for disabled people. 3) The functional pants for adult men using wheelchairs had the same zipper as that of general pants. The waist belt was made of rubber to reduce the pressure on waist and to cover 2 inches (5 cm) of waist circumference. Also it should be made to secure each button within the belt in accordance with size. Finally, it was designed as formal wrinkled pants that had pockets within the reach of hands when the disabled used wheelchairs.

Classical Swine Fever (Hog cholera) Virus 약독순화주 (Suri 주)의 gp55 Gene 염기서열 분석

김귀현,장경수,강경임,이병형,박종현,안수환,전무형 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

An attenuated classical swine fever virus (CSFV), Suri strain, is a variant derived from a vaccine virus, LOM strain. This study was performed to elucidate the molecular biologcal properties of CSFV Suri strain, and to obtain the basic data for molecular epidemiological approaches for the disease. The truncated form of gp55 gene without the C-terminal trasmembrane domain, in size of 1,023bp, was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced by dye terminator cyclic sequencing method, and inserted into BamHI site of pAcGP67B baculovirus vector, establishing a cloned pAcHEG plasmid. By the nucleotide sequences determined, 341 amino acid sequences were predicted. As compard the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of gp55 of Suri with the various CSFV, Suri strain showed the high homology over 99.1% with ALD and LOM strains, but comparably the lower homology with Alfort and Brescia. In comparison of amino acid sequence in variable domain of gp55 protein, the similar tendency of homology was observed. In hydrophobicity analysis, all of four CSFV strains revealed the analogous patterns of hydrophobicity. The numbers and locations of N-glycosylation site and cysteine residuse in gp55 were analyzed, those of Suri strain being coincident with ALD and LOM strains. The results suggest that gp55 in Suri strain has the high similarity to those in ALD and LOM strains in terms of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences and the functional properties of gp55 protein.

고래회충유충증 107례 보고 및 어류감염 실태 조사

임경일,신호준,김병화,문승일 INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1995 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.26 No.1

고래회충유충증은 바다 포유동물에 기생하는 고래회충과(科)의 유충이 인체의 소화관 특히 위(胃)와 소장에 침입하여 발생되는 질병으로 범세계적으로 보고되고 있다. 급성복통을 호소하는 환자를 대상으로 바닷고기 생식여부를 조사하고 위내시경을 관찰하여 위점막내로 뚫고 들어가는 고래회충과 유충을 적출하여 동정함으로써 진단하였다. 1989년 6월부터 3년간 남자 60명, 여자 47명의 고래회충유충증 환자를 찾아내었다. 주요 증상은 상복부통, 급성복통, 구토 등이었고, 바닷고기를 생식하고 4시간 내지 1일 이내에 증상이 생겼고, 대부분 1-3일 후 유충을 제거하였다. 위내시경 관찰을 하였더니 유충들은 위의 몸체에서 제일 많이 발견되었고 유충이 침입한 위점막으로 부터 출혈, 부종, 미란 등이 관찰되었다. 적출된 유충 90마리 중 82마리가 고래회충(Anisakis simplex)의 유충이었다. 문진을 통해 확인된 환자가 생식한 어종으로는 조기, 바닷장어, 히라스, 오징어가 많았다. 농수산물센타에서 임의 로 구입한 5가지 바닷고기에서 고래회충과 유충을 조사하였더니 고등어와 우럭에서 검출되었고, 내장 및 복부 근육에서 고래회충(Anisakis simplex)과 물개회충(Pseudoterranova decipiens)의 유충 등이 검출되었다. Human anisakiasis may occur after ingestion of raw marine fish infected with nematode larvae of Anisakidae. Anisakiasis caused by the migration of the larva into the wall of stomach, small intestine and other portion has been reported in Korea. This prospective study was made of all cases referred to parasitological laboratory in Cheju-do between June 1989 and June 1992. Gastric anisakiasis was confirmed if larvae invading the gastric wall were in 30-49 years old. Most of the patients complained acute epigastric pain with history of eating raw marine fish. This symptom usually occurred about 12 hours to 1 day after ingestion of infected marine fish. Edema, erosion or ulcer of the mucosa and hemorrhage from the gastric wall were observed in the involved areas. Ninety larvae removed from the stomach were identified; the larva of Anisakis simplex was the most prevalent species, and the larva of Pseudoterranova decipiens was also detected. The important species of marine fish from which the patients became infected was demonstrated as yellow corvina, sea eel, ling, cuttle fish, yellowtail and others. Five species of marine fish as a possible source of infection were examined, and Anisakis simplex larvae and Pseudoterranova decipiens larvae were collected from the mackerel and rock cod. This study demonstrates that anisakiasis is recognized as a public health problem in Korea.