Induction of heme oxygenase-1 protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions

Lee, Sang Choel,Han, Seung Hyeok,Li, Jin Ji,Lee, Sun Ha,Jung, Dong-Sub,Kwak, Seung-Jae,Kim, Seung Hye,Kim, Dong Ki,Yoo, Tae-Hyun,Kim, Jin Hyun,Chang, Se-Ho,Han, Dae Suk,Kang, Shin-Wook International Society of Nephrology 2009 Kidney international Vol.76 No.8

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an anti-oxidant enzyme normally upregulated in response to oxidant injury. Here we determined the role of HO-1 in podocyte apoptosis in glomeruli of streptozotocin-treated rats and in immortalized mouse podocytes cultured in media containing normal or high glucose. HO-1 expression, its activity, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein, and active caspase-3 fragments were all significantly higher in isolated glomeruli of diabetic rats and in high glucose–treated podocytes. These increases were inhibited by zinc protoporphyrin treatment of the rats or by HO-1 siRNA treatment of the podocytes in culture. The number of apoptotic cells was also significantly increased in the glomeruli of diabetic rats and in high glucose–treated podocytes. Inhibition of HO-1 accentuated the increase in apoptotic cells both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest that HO-1 expression protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions.

Fluoxetine and Sertraline Attenuate Postischemic Brain Injury in Mice

Shin, Tae-Kyeong,Kang, Mi-Sun,Lee, Ho-Youn,Seo, Moo-Sang,Kim, Si-Geun,Kim, Chi-Dae,Lee, Won-Suk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.3

This study aimed to investigate whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) attenuate brain injury and facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia in mice. Male ICR mice were anesthetized and systemically administered Rose Bengal. Permanent focal ischemia was induced in the medial frontal and somatosensory cortices by irradiating the skull with cold light laser. The animals were treated with fluoxetine or sertraline once a day for 14 d starting 1 h after ischemic insult. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline significantly reduced the infarct size. The Evans blue extravasation indices of the fluoxetine- and sertraline-treated groups were significantly lower than that of the vehicle group. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline shifted the lower limit of the mean arterial blood pressure for cerebral blood flow autoregulation toward normal, and significantly increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 ${\alpha}$ (HIF-1 ${\alpha}$) proteins in the ischemic region. These results suggest that SSRIs, such as fluoxetine and sertraline, facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia via enhancement of HO-1 and HIF-1 ${\alpha}$ proteins expression, thereby providing a benefit in therapy of cerebral ischemia.

골수이식 후 골밀도 및 골대사의 변화 : 2년 추적관찰 2-Year Prospective Study

이원영,강무일,오은숙,오기원,한제호,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,신완식,민우성,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

Fluoxetine and Sertraline Attenuate Postischemic Brain Injury in Mice

Tae Kyeong Shin,Mi Sun Kang,Ho Youn Lee,Moo Sang Seo,Si Geun Kim,Chi Dae Kim,Won Suk Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.3

This study aimed to investigate whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) attenuate brain injury and facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia in mice. Male ICR mice were anesthetized and systemically administered Rose Bengal. Permanent focal ischemia was induced in the medial frontal and somatosensory cortices by irradiating the skull with cold light laser. The animals were treated with fluoxetine or sertraline once a day for 14 d starting 1 h after ischemic insult. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline significantly reduced the infarct size. The Evans blue extravasation indices of the fluoxetine- and sertraline-treated groups were significantly lower than that of the vehicle group. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline shifted the lower limit of the mean arterial blood pressure for cerebral blood flow autoregulation toward normal, and significantly increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1Ձ (HIF-1Ձ) proteins in the ischemic region. These results suggest that SSRIs, such as fluoxetine and sertraline, facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia via enhancement of HO-1 and HIF-1Ձ proteins expression, thereby providing a benefit in therapy of cerebral ischemia.

가철성 교정장치 장착 아동에서 불화물과 Chlorhexidine의 우식세균에 대한 항균효과에 관한 연구

신강호,양규호 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial activities of fluoride and chlorhexidine against Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus. All subjects had not taken antibacterial medication at least one month before treatment. They were divided into 5 groups; GroupⅠhad been treated with placebo gel, GroupⅡfluoride and amine fluoride,and GroupⅤ with 0.1% chlorhexidine solution. Salivary samples were collected from 50 children who have been treated with removable orthodontic appliances in the Department of Pedodontics, Chonnam National University Hospital. The number of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus in saliva were monitored by using the Mitis-Salivarius-Bacitracin agar plate and Rogosa SL agar plate for 5 weeks after the treatment. The results were as follow: 1.The mean number of salivary Streptococcus mutans were significantly reduced to 6.43 ×10? CFU/ml before treatment. 2.The number of salivary Streptococcus mutans were significantly reduced to 6.40 ×10? CFU/ml in GroupⅡ, 5.71 ×10? CFU/ml in GroupⅢ, 2.16 ×10? CFU/ml in GroupⅣ, 1.16 ×10? CFU/ml in GroupⅤ in one week sfter treatment(P』0.05) 3.The number of Streptococcus mutans was returned to the baseline at 5th week after treatment. 4.The number of salivary lactobacillus was not significantly changed in all groups. These results suggest that continuous application of fluoride or chlorhexidine may prevent dental caries in patiednts with removable orthodontic appliances.

Streptococcus의 유당분해에 대한 자일리톨의 효과

신강호,양규호,최남기,김선미,오종석 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

자일리톨은 탄소 5개가 있는 탄수화물로 치아우식증을 억제할 목적으로 사용되는 자당 대체물이다. 본 논문은 구강 중요 세균인 Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus salivarius에서 유당분해에 대한 자일리톨의 작용을 관찰하고자 하였다. 세균에 대한 유당과 자일리톨의 병합효과를 보기 위하여 분광광도계를 이용한 흡광도를 측정하였고 생균수 검사를 실시하였다. Streptococcus mutans 또는 β-galactosidase에 의한 유당분해에 대한 자일리톨 효과를 보기 위하여 thin layer chromatography와 lactose-PTS activity test를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 유당과 자일리톨을 병합 첨가한 배지에 Streptococcus mutans를 배양하면 배양액 흡광도가 배양 8시간에 증가하지 않다가 배양 24시간에 증가하였다. 배양 8시간에서의 생균수도 유당 단독보다 유당과 자일리톨 병합 첨가 시 적게 나타났다. 2. 유당과 자일리톨을 병합 첨가한 배지에 Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus salivarius를 배양하면 배양액 흡광도가 배양 8시간에 증가하지 않다가 배양 24시간에 증가하였다. 3. 배지에 유당 단독으로 첨가할 때보다도 유당과 자일리톨을 병합 첨가한 배지에 Streptococcus mutans를 8시간 배양하면 thin layer chromatography상 남아있는 유당이 많았으나, 배양 24시간에는 모든 유당이 분해되었다. 4. 배지에 유당 단독으로 첨가할 때보다도 유당과 자일리톨을 병합 첨가한 배지에서 Streptococcus mutans의 lactose-PTS 활성도가 낮았다. 5. 배지에 유당 단독으로 첨가할 때보다도 유당과 자일리톨을 병합 첨가한 배지에 β-galactosidase 사용시 thin layer chromatography상 유당이 많았다. 이상의 결과는 자일리톨이 Streptococcus의 유당 이용을 억제함을 시사하였다. Xylitol is a 5-carbons carbohydrate, which can be replaced with sucrose for preventing dental caries. To study the effect of xylitol on the fermentation of lactose in bacteria, the important oral bacteria such as Streptococcus (S.) mutans, S. oralis and S. salivarius were studied. The optical density using spectophotometer and the cell concentration were assessed to evaluate the combined effect of lactose and xylitol against the bacteria. Thin layer chromatography and lactose-PTS activity test were performed to evaluate the effect of xylitol on the fermentation of lactose in S. mutans and by β-galactosidase with the following results. 1. The optical density of Streptococcus mutans culture was not increased for 8 hours-incubation in the media added with lactose and xylitol, but was increased at 24 hours-incubation. The number of viable cells at 8 hours-incubation was smaller in the media containing lactose and xylitol in comparison with lactose only. 2. The optical densities of Streptococcus oralis culture and Streptococcus salivarius culture were not increased for 8 hours-incubation in the media added with lactose and xylitol, but were increased at 24 hours-incubation. 3. When Streptococcus mutans was incubated for 8 hours in the media added with lactose and xylitol. the amount of remained lactose was larger compared with the media added with lactose only. But all lactose was fermented in both media after 24 hours-incubation. 4. When Streptococcus mutans was incubated in the media added with lactose and xylitol, the activity of lactose-PTS was higher compared with the media added with lactose only. 5. When β-galactosidase was incubated in the media added with lactose and xylitol, the amount of remained lactose was larger compared with the media added with lactose only. These results indicated that xylitol inhibited the fermentation of lactose by Streptococcus.

저산소 스트레스에 노출된 생쥐의 면역기능 변동에서 IL-4의 역활

강동원,김호정,신운섭 관동대학교 의과학연구소 2001 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.5 No.1

This study was aimed to investigate the role of IL-4 in the alterations of immune function in mice after chronic, repeated exposure of different levels of hypoxic stress. Four experimental groups were studied: one for home cage control (NH), others for environmental control (20%) and hypoxia-exposed groups (15% or 10%). Different levels of normoxic or hypoxic environment (20%, 15%, or 10% of oxygen will balanced nitrogen, respectively) were subjected to adult male BALB/c mice daily for an hour, 5 days per week, over 10 weeks. At the end of hypoxic exposure period, sera of the mice were taken and their IL-4 levels were measured by a sandwich ELISA method. The changes of body weight of the animals showed significantly lower increase in the 10% group, suggesting that the repeated hypoxic exposure worked as a stressful environment to them. The IL-4 levels, however, showed no differences among the experimental groups. These results indicate that IL-4 may not play a significant role in the mediation of stress effects to immunologic outcomes in this stress paradigm, and that studies about the role of Th1-type cytokines may be necessary fur further investigation.

원전의 가동중검사 관련 각국의 기술기준 비교고찰

신호상,김경조,장창희,강석철 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.24 No.2

각국의 법령에서는 원자력발전소에서 발생할 수 있는 사고로부터 국민의 건강과 재산을 보호하기 위해 원자력발전소의 압력경계 주요 용접부 등에 대해서는 주기적으로 열화의 정도를 파악하기 위한 가동중 비파괴검사를 수행하도록 규정하고 있으며, 이를 뒷받침하기 위한 가동중검사 기술기준을 제정하여 이행하고 있다. 최근 리스크를 반영한 가동중검사 프로그램을 개발하여 적용을 시도하고 있지만, 기존의 결정론적 검사대상 선정 프로그램은 아직도 상당한 의미가 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 가동중검사에 관한 선진국 즉, 미국, 프랑스, 캐나다, 일본 등의 기술기준과 IAEA에서 제시하는 안전지침에 비교검토를 통하여 현재 국내 가동중검사 기술기준의 개선방안을 모색하고자 하였다. In each country, the periodic ISI(In-Service Inspection) is required by the law to protect the public health and property from the potential accident of the nuclear facilities. To support the implementation of ISI program, the prescriptive ISI technical standards have been established. As the key parts of the ISI program, the non-destructive examination techniques are widely used to identify the degree of degradation of the pressure boundary components and welds. Recently, the risk informed-ISI program has been developed and implemented in several countries. Nonetheless, the existing ISI program which prescriptively decides the scope of inspection still has its own significance. In this article, the technical standards of ISI in leading countries like US, France, Canada, and Japan are reviewed and compared with the safety guide by IAEA. An outline to revise the domestic technical standards of ISI has been suggested.

Bionator를 이용한 Ⅱ급 부정교합의 치료에 관한 증례

신강호,양규호 大韓小兒齒科學會 1992 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

Bionator is an arch-aligning appliance. These appliances can be used to increase the vertical dimension only, or advance the mandible from a Class Ⅱ molar relation to a ClassⅠ only without increasing the vertical, or in combination with either one or both actions also moderately widen the maxillary and mandibular dental archs, especially in the lower anterior area. The authors treated Class Ⅱ malocclusion with Bionator. The results were followed : 1. Severe overjet and large overbite were corrected. 2. Class Ⅱ molar relation was changed by ClassⅠ. 3. Minor crowding of anteriors was treated by adjustment of midline jackscrew and coffin spring. 4. Inclination of upper and lower anterior teeth was corrected by adjustment of labial guide bow and anterior acylic cap. 5. Appliance wearing time was 7-9 months, and retainer wearing for 3 months.

이명세 영화의 스타일 분석

신강호 한국영화교육학회 2002 영화교육연구 Vol.4 No.-

Film style is a film's systematic and significant use of techniques of the medium Those techniques fall into broad domains: mise en scene(staging, lighting, performance, and setting); framing, focus, control of color values, and other aspects of cinematography; editing and sound. Style is, minimally, the texture of the film's images and sounds, the results of choices made by the filmmaker(s) in particular historical circumstances. Style bears upon the single film We can of course discuss style in other senses. We may speak of individual style. We may talk of group, the style of Soviet Montage filmmaking or of the Hollywood studios. In either case we will be taking, minimally, about characteristic technical choices, only now as they recur across of a body of works. We may also be talking about other properties, such as narrative strategies or favored subjects or themes. Nonetheless, reaming characteristics of staging, shooting, cutting, and sound will remain an essential part of any individual or group style. This thesis is a practical analysis of style on director Lee Myung Se. Therefore the purpose of this thesis is to study of the style of Lee Myung Se, and also of the stylistic quality in context of korean film history.