Endoscopy and Imaging Modalities/Basic Science of Gastrointestinal Disorders/Miscellaneous : Changing Pattern Of Digestive And Liver Disease In Korea, 1990-2006 Year; A Single Center Study

( Jung Hyun Kwon ),( Sang Woo Kim ),( In Sik Chung ),( Myung Gyu Choi ),( Kwan Woo Nam ),( Jung Pil Suh ),( Jae Hyuck Chang ),( Won Haing Hur ),( Yu Kyung Cho ),( Jae Myung Park ),( In Seok Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: Westernization in many Asian countries have changed lifestyles and diets, so once rare diseases have now become prevalent. The aim of this study is to investigate the changing pattern of digestive and liver disease in Korea, from 1990 to 2006. Methods: We extracted data specific gastrointestina (GI) disease based on the International Classification of Diseases code from the in-patients records at the Kangnam St. Mary`s Hospital in 1990, 1996 and 2006. This hospital is a tertiary-care hospital in Seoul, Korea, which has a capacity of 800 beds. Results: The admission rate for GI disease increased between 1990 and 2006. Overall in-patients were 1,623 persons in 1990, 2,368 persons in 1996 and 4,166 persons in 2006. The mean age of in-patients increased as time went by. A stomach cancer was the most common diagnosis during all periods, but its prevalence has decreased. Colon cancer ranked the 7th in 1990, but markedly increased and now ranks the second. The third was a hepatocellular carcinoma. The bile duct and gallbladder cancer, pancreas and esophageal cancer ranking followed with little interval change. In cases of cancer patients, a regular admission dramatically increased for chemotherapy. The number of patients admitted with pre-malignant neoplasm of stomach and colon increased remarkably with the development of endoscopy. The liver transplant, inflammatory bowel discase, and reflux esophagitis emerged form mid-1990s with greater frequencies, yet much below the levels found in the West. The admission rate for peptic ulcer, especially ulcer bleeding remained relatively stable, despite a decreased rate for ulcer perforation. Liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, cholelithiasis with cholecystitis-cholangitis, appendicitis, hemorrhoid and gastritis all decreased. Conclusions: The stomach cancer is the leading cause of admission, despite a recent decline. Colon cancer showed a marked rise. The liver transplant, inflammatory bowel disease and reflux esophagitis were new diagnosis with an increased tendency.

비만 여성을 대상으로 한 해조류 추출물의 국부처치와 운동 병행을 통한 지방분해 효과의 임상적 검정

서태수,이인숙,변재철,김규호,박승한,김유영,김상국,김현정,김상기,신동철,성미영,박종석,김종기,박언휘 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

This study was carried out to test the body fat breakdown during topical seaweed extract treatment and in combination with the aerobic exercise. Of 20 female obesity subjects, ten treated a cream types of seaweed extract(control group) and ten treated a placebo cream(placebo group). Topical treatment of each sample was designed for 4 weeks, and treated with 2 times a day about 10ml on the abdomen and the thigh, respectively. All subjects were participated aerobic dance half hour a day and four times a week. After 4 weeks of topical treatment and exercise, they were measured body fat, skinfold thickness, body circumference. Then venous blood samples were taken and analyzed blood cells, serum enzymes, and serum lipids. There were reduction of body weight, % of body fat, antebrachium, brachium, chest, waist, thigh circumference and abdomen thickness between pre and post treatment in both group. Especially, body weight and % of body fat significantly reduced in the subjects treating the seaweed extract than those treating the placebo. There were significant decrement in total cholesterol and LDL whereas increment in HDL and TBIL in the control group, but no significant difference in the placebo group. In conclusion, there were 7.6% of body fat reduction during 4 weeks of aerobic exercise and 21% of body fat reducement in combination of topical seaweed treatment and exercise, respectively. These results suggest that the topical treatment of seaweed extract should be very effective for fat breakdown. Especially, the body fat breakdown maximized in the combination with the topical seaweed extracts treatment and the aerobic exercise.

정신보건센터의 주간 및 직업재활 프로그램에 등록한 정신분열병 환자의 연령군간 특성

정인원,김헌,손정우,이선영,김혜영,서동우 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.1

Glucotoxicity in the INS-1 Rat Insulinoma Cell Line Is Mediated by the Orphan Nuclear Receptor Small Heterodimer Partner

Park, Keun-Gyu,Lee, Kyeong-Min,Seo, Hye-Young,Suh, Ji-Ho,Kim, Hye-Soon,Wang, Li,Won, Kyu-Chang,Lee, Hyoung-Woo,Park, Joong-Yeol,Lee, Ki-Up,Kim, Jung-Guk,Kim, Bo-Wan,Choi, Hueng-Sik,Lee, In-Kyu American Diabetes Association 2007 Diabetes Vol.56 No.2

<P>Prolonged elevations of glucose concentration have deleterious effects on beta-cell function. One of the hallmarks of such glucotoxicity is a reduction in insulin gene expression, resulting from decreased insulin promoter activity. Small heterodimer partner (SHP; NR0B2) is an atypical orphan nuclear receptor that inhibits nuclear receptor signaling in diverse metabolic pathways. In this study, we found that sustained culture of INS-1 cells at high glucose concentrations leads to an increase in SHP mRNA expression, followed by a decrease in insulin gene expression. Inhibition of endogenous SHP gene expression by small interfering RNA partially restored high-glucose-induced suppression of the insulin gene. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of SHP in INS-1 cells impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion as well as insulin gene expression. SHP downregulates insulin gene expression via two mechanisms: by downregulating PDX-1 and MafA gene expression and by inhibiting p300-mediated pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor 1-and BETA2-dependent transcriptional activity from the insulin promoter. Finally, the pancreatic islets of diabetic OLETF rats express SHP mRNA at higher levels than the islets from LETO rats. These results collectively suggest that SHP plays an important role in the development of beta-cell dysfunction induced by glucotoxicity.</P>

Craves병 환자에서 백혈구와 갑상선 조직의 HLA-DR β 유전자 부위의 비교

양인명,우정택,팽정령,서광식,김성운,김영설,김광원,최영길 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1989 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.1 No.-

정상 갑상선세포에서는 HLA-DR 항원이 발현되지 않았으나, 그레이브스병 환자의 갑상선세포 표면에는 HLA-DR 항원이 발현됨이 보고되어, 이러한 현상은 이 질환의 자가면역 기전에 중요한 역할을 하고 있을 것으로 생각되고 있다. 한편 최근 DR이나 DQ 유전자의 상부 159kb 이내에는 이들의 발현을 조절하는 유전자가 존재함이 알려져 있고, 이 부위의 구조적인 변화로 인하여 DR DQ 유전자의 발현을 유도하는 여러 가지 핵내 인자들과 interferon-r 와 같은 외부인 자들이 보고되고 있다. 그러나 그레이브스병에서 이들 유전자 부위의 구조적인 변화에 관해서는 아직 보고가 없다. 이에 본 연구자 등은 이러한 가능성 여부를 규명하고자 2명의 전형적인 그레이브스병 환자의 수술 우 얻어낸 갑상선 조직에서 RNA를 분리한 우 DR β유전자를 소식자로 northem blotting을 하여 mRNA의 발현을 관찰하였으며, 말초혈액 백혈구와 갑상선 조직으로부터 분리된 DNA를 EcoRI BamHI. HindⅢ PvuⅡ TaqI, PstI등의 6가지 제한효소로 소화한 후 DR β유전자를 소식자로 하여 RFLP 양상을 비교한 결과, 환자 모두에서 mRNA의 발현이 관찰되었으나, 환자 모두에서 6가지 제한효소에 의한 RFLP 양상이 동일하였다. 이러한 결과는 Graves병 환자의 DR 유전자의 발현에 있어서 이 유전자 부위의 구조적인 변화가 관여할 가능성이 적음을 시사하는 사실이라고 사료되나 향후 더 많은 예와 더 많은 제한효소를 이용한 주시가 필요할 것이다. The requirement for major histocompatibility antigen class Ⅱ molecules in the recognition of antigen by helper T cells suggests that the expression of class Ⅱ antigen may be important in the initiation and prolongation of immunopathology. HLA class Ⅱ antigenes are expressed on the surface of thyrocytes of the patients with graves disease. The increased expression of class Ⅱgene can be induced by trans acting factor such as interferon However the possibility of rearrangement of their regulatory genes has not been explored so far. We studied the mRNA expression in the thyrocytes of 2 patients with Graves' disease and compared the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) between thyroid and peripheral leukocyte DNA. The prominent expression of mRNA was observed in the thyroid tissues of all the two patients. But we did not find any difference in RFLP pattern in both patients. These results suggest the possibility that the rearrangement of the regulatory gene located in the upstream of DR- β gene can be a role in expression of DR antigen is less likely.

고효율 준호기성 매립구조에서 침출수처리를 중심으로 한 환경성 검토

권대원,서정인 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 2002 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.30 No.2

Management of leachate generated from the semi-aerobic landfill system has become a serious problem in recent years. For the enhancement of the efficiency of semi-aerobic landfill system as well as the reduction of environmental impacts of leachate treatment, we examined three lysimeter systems including conventional system(A), leachate recirculation and surface capping liner system(B), and added air supply to system B(C). Exeriments were performed at room temperature with the municipal solid waste(MSW). Lysimeter B yielded higher reduction of organic compounds and nitrogen compared to lysimeter A due to the reasons that leachate recirculation maintained appropriate water content and nutrition balance in the MSW, and thereby the requirement energy for leachate to be treated was 120 times s much as leachate to be recirculated. Also, in the lysimeter B, the most of nutrification material, total nitrogen and total phosphate, were eliminated in the recirculation process. However, the reduction rate of organic compounds and nitrogen was seriously decreased in excess of 120 days, indicating that most of the soluble organic compounds and nitrogen in the MSW were released to the leachte phase in this period. During that time, the reduction rate of organic compounds and nitrogen was increased by the air supply. AS a result, lysimeter B is better than lysimeter A, in respect to energy consumption and eutrophication. It may be appeared that lysimeter C has disadvantage in energy consumption, but it has advantage in respect to reuse of landfill come earlier true.

뇌졸중환자의 사회적 재적응과 관련요인

조남옥,서문자,김금순,김인자,최희정,정성희 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Social readjustment is very important in rehabilitation of stroke survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of social readjustment and related factors in stroke survivors. Especially, to find the most useful predictor for social readjustment is a major point of this research. The study included 254 outpatients who were given follow-up care after discharge from. Occupational rehabilitation and resumption of the perceived meaningful social activity prios to the stroke were used to measure social readjustment. The resumptions of first meaningful social activity was the best predictor for life satisfaction in stroke survivors(r=.245, p<.01). The substance of perceived meaningful social activities were job, meeting with friends, hobby and activities for the family. The sum of meaningful social activities (r = 175. p<.01) and occupational rehabilitation (r= 116, p<.05) were significantly related to life satisfaction. There were significant difference in IADL, depression and life satisfaction according to resumption of meaningful social activity. But, occupational rehabilitation was not related to depression. The level of social readjustment was different between occupational rehabilitation and resumption of meaningful social activity. It was 45.7% in the first meaningful social activity and 36.6% in occupational rehabilitation. The related factors with resumption of the first meaningful social activity were that of IADL, depression, illness intrusiveness and cognitive function. And the level of IADL, illness intrusiveness, cognitive function, and age were significantly related to occupational rehabilitation. In conclusion, we suggest that the resumption of the first meaningful activity in stroke survivors is the best predictor of social rehabilitation. Thus. nurses need to work for resumption of meaningful activity as well as occupational rehabilitation.

매립이 진행중인 일반폐기물 매립지에 있어서 침출수의 성상

이재오,서정인,이철희,권대원 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1995 環境硏究 Vol.14 No.2

매립지에 있어서 매립층의 폐기물의 분해상황을 평가하기 위하여, 매립이 진행중인 매립지의 침출수의 pH, 유기물질, 질소화합물, 중금속농도의 변화를 3년간 조사하였다. 그 결과 pH는 6.7 ~ 9의 범위로 나타났으며 매립기간의 경과와 함께 증가하는 경향을 보였다. BOD 및 COD의 농도범위는 각각 1,800 ~ 25,000 mg·???, 1,700 ~ 6,000mg·???로 나타났으며, 그 유출농도는 하절기에는 증가하고 동절기에는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. T-N의 농도범위는 1,000 ~ 4,000mg·???이었으며, 매립량의 증대와 함께 그 농도는 지속적으로 증가하였으며, 질소화합물의 대부분은 ?????????의 형태로 존재하였다. 한편, T-P의 평균농도는 20mg·???였다. SS의 농도는 150 ~ 600mg·??? 이었으며, 중금속의 유출농도는 매립기간의 경과와 함께 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과로부터 본 매립지의 매립폐기물의 분해는 혐기적상태에서 주로 이루어지고 있으며, 강우에 의한 미분해성 유기물의 세출현상이 활발한 것으로 추측되었다. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the decomposition properties of refuse by analysis of landfill leachate. The leachate was analyzed in terms of pH, organic and inorganic compounds, and heavy metals for 3 years. The results are as follows; The pH of leachate ranged from 6.7 to 9. BOD and COD were measured in the range of 1,800 ~ 25,000 mg·??? and 1,700 ~ 6,000 mg·???, respectively. It showed that the seasonal variation of BOD and COD appeared to increase in summer season, to decrease with decreasing temperature. Concentration of T-N was in the range of 1,000 ~ 4,000mg·???, it increased with augment of landfill volume, and the greater part of T-N existed form of ammonium nitrogen. The SS was observed in the range of 150~600 mg·??? and the average concentration of T-P was 20 mg·???. Also, concentration of heavy metals showed that it is tend to decrease in processing phase. From these results, it indicated that refuse of this landfill was decomposed in anaerobic condition, actively. Concentration of organic compounds increased in summer season. It results in the physical washout of organic compounds by rainfall and the extension of microbial decomposition activity inside landfill.

당뇨병환자에서 뇨증 Fibronectin농도의 증가에 관한 연구

한승범,조준승,손건영,서성문,박근용,조성래,박규영,박정모,이인규,여준기 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1994 계명의대학술지 Vol.13 No.4

Plasma fibronectin is an α₂-glyoprotein, which is produced by vascular endothelial cells. Raised level of plasma fibronectin has been observed in diabetic patients particularly in the presence of microvascular complications. However, no available data exist about urine level of this glycoprotein in diabetic patients. We measured urine fibronectin level by ELISA methods in 54 diabetic patients who have microvascular comlications or not. The following results were obtained. 1) Urine fibronectin level(㎍/g creatinine) in diabetic group(1740.0±678.0) is increased compaired with those in normal control group(471.0±59.0). but this results were not significantly different among two groups(P>0.05). 2) Urine fibronectin level(㎍/g creatinine) was significantly increased in patients with nephropathy (6188.0±3144.0) compared with those in normal control group(471.0±59.0) and patients without nephropathy(645.0±251.0)(P<0.001). 3) There were a significant correlation between BUN, creatinine, creatinine clearance, 24hr urine total protein and urine fibronectin level in diabetic patients. Our data suggest that urine fibronectin excretion level might be used as a sensitive guide for diabectic nephropathy.

[Ca(2+)]-dependent generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species mediates maitotoxin-induced cellular responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Yi, Sun-Ju,Kim, Kyung Hwan,Choi, Hyun Jung,Yoo, Je Ok,Jung, Hyo-Il,Han, Jeong-A,Kim, Young-Myeong,Suh, In Bum,Ha, Kwon-Soo Korean Society of Molecular Biology 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.1

<P>Maitotoxin (MTX) is known as one of the most potent marine toxins involved in Ciguatera poisoning, but intracellular signaling pathways caused by MTX was not fully understood. Thus, we have investigated whether intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in MTX-induced cellular responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. MTX induced a dose-dependent increase of intracellular [Ca(2+)]. MTX stimulated the production of intracellular ROS in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was suppressed by BAPTA-AM, an intracellular Ca(2+) che-lator. Ionomycin also elevated the ROS production in a dose-dependent manner. MTX elevated transamidation activity in a time-dependent manner and the activation was largely inhibited by transfection of tissue transglutaminase siRNA. The activation of tissue transglutaminase and ERK1/2 by MTX was sup-pressed by BAPTA-AM or ROS scavengers. In addition, MTX-induced cell death was significantly de-layed by BAPTA-AM or a ROS scavenger. These results suggest that [Ca(2+)]-dependent generation of in-tracellular ROS, at least in part, play an important role in MTX-stimulated cellular responses, such as activation of tTGase, ERK phosphorylation, and in-duction of cell death, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.</P>