Effect of palmitoleic acid on the differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells

( Junfang Zhang ),( Qiang Li ),( Kim Margarette Corpuz Nogoy ),( Jianfu Sun ),( Bin Sun ),( Ying Wang ),( Lin Tang ),( Jia Yu ),( Xin Jin ),( Xiangzi Li ),( Seong-Ho Choi ) 한국축산학회 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.4

We hypothesized that the unsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid (POA) could promote the expression of adipogenic/lipogenic genes in bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (BSCs). The BSCs were cultured in a growth medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. When the cells reached 80%-90% confluence, we used the differentiation medium with 5% horse serum for differentiation for 96 h. The differentiation medium contained 50 μM, 100 μM and 200 μM POA. Control BSC were cultured only in differentiation media. Compared with the control BSC, the POA BSC significantly up-regulated the expression of paired box 3 (Pax3) and paired box 7 (Pax7) and down-regulated myogenin gene expression (p < 0.01), which indicates a depression in muscle fiber development. However, all POA treatments up-regulated the expression of the adipocyte transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and beta (C/EBP α and C/EBP β), and other genes (p < 0.01) and increased the expression of PAT-family proteins and the concentration of adiponectin in the media. These results indicate that POA can convert part of BSCs into adipocytes.

Inclusive Innovation and Growth Based on a National Innovation System

Zhang Junfang,Guo Rong,Zhou Wei 과학기술정책연구원 2012 STI Policy Review Vol.3 No.2

China is becoming a global hot topic because of its rapid economic growth. However, the country show signs of not meeting the expectation of retaining its long-term industrial competitiveness and economic growth, especially with a widening rich?poor gap and natural resource exhaustion. Realizing inclusive growth requires study of an inclusive innovation solution. In this paper, we analyze the feasibility and development path of China’s inclusive innovation based on the framework of a National Innovation System, identify examples of inclusive innovation in China, and seek to provide policy suggestions for China’s future sustainable development.

Effect of ciglitazone on adipogenic transdifferentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells

( Junfang Zhang ),( Qiang Li ),( Yan Yan ),( Bin Sun ),( Ying Wang ),( Lin Tang ),( Enze Wang ),( Jia Yu ),( Kim Margarette Corpuz Nogoy ),( Xiangzi Li ),( Seong-Ho Choi ) 한국축산학회 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.4

Ciglitazone is a member of the thiazolidinedione family, and specifically binds to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), thereby promoting adipocyte differentiation. We hypothesized that ciglitazone as a PPARγ ligand in the absence of an adipocyte differentiation cocktail would increase adiponectin and adipogenic gene expression in bovine satellite cells (BSC). Muscle-derived BSCs were isolated from six, 18-month-old Yanbian Yellow Cattle. The BSC were cultured for 96 h in differentiation medium containing 5 μM ciglitazone (CL), 10 μM ciglitazone (CM), or 20 μM ciglitazone (CH). Control (CON) BSC were cultured only in a differentiation medium (containing 2% horse serum). The presence of myogenin, desmin, and paired box 7 (Pax7) proteins was confirmed in the BSC by immunofluorescence staining. The CL, CM, and CH treatments produced higher concentrations of triacylglycerol and lipid droplet accumulation in myotubes than those of the CON treatment. Ciglitazone treatments significantly increased the relative expression of PPARγ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), C/EBPβ, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and perilipin 2. Ciglitazone treatments increased gene expression of Pax3 and Pax7 and decreased expression of myogenic differentiation-1, myogenin, myogenic regulatory factor-5, and myogenin-4 (p < 0.01). Adiponectin concentration caused by ciglitazone treatments was significantly greater than CON (p < 0.01). RNA sequencing showed that 281 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in the treatments of ciglitazone. DEGs gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the top 10 GO enrichment significantly changed the biological processes such as protein trimerization, negative regulation of cell proliferation, adipocytes differentiation, and cellular response to external stimulus. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that DEGs were involved in the p53 signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, biosynthesis of amino acids, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. These results indicate that ciglitazone acts as PPARγ agonist, effectively increases the adiponectin concentration and adipogenic gene expression, and stimulates the conversion of BSC to adipocyte-like cells in the absence of adipocyte differentiation cocktail.

Interaction between Iron and Vitamin A in Broilers

Zhang, Chunshan,Jiang, Junfang,Suo, Landi,Wei, Jianmin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.4

A $3{\times}3$ (Fe$\times$VA) experiment with repeats was designed to study the interaction between iron and vitamin A in broilers. 504 broilers were divided into 9 groups (50% males, 50% femals), each group with 4 repeats. Iron supplemental amount was 0, 30 and 60 mg/kg; Vitamin A supplemental amount was 750, 1,500 and 2,700 IU/kg. Iron concentration in liver, serum, tibia and duodenum and vitamin A concentration in liver and serum were measured, and erythrocyte count was also observed. Results showed with the increase of dietary supplemental iron levels, vitamin A concentration in liver significantly decreased lineally (p<0.05) (0.861, 0.671, 0.639 mg/100 g at the end of 4th week; 0.900, 0.765, 0.739 mg/100 g at the end of 7th week), and vitamin A concentration in serum significantly increased lineally (p<0.05) (82.725, 97.842, $109.475{\mu}g/100mL$ at the end of 4th week; 62.288, 91.900, $95.117{\mu}g/100mL$ at the end of 7th week), meaning iron could promote the mobilization of vitamin A from liver to serum. With the increase of dietary supplemental vitamin A levels, liver iron concentration decreased and serum iron concentration increased, vitamin A could promote the mobilization of iron from liver to blood. Iron concentration in Duodenum and tibia and erythrocyte count increased significantly with higher dietary vitamin A supplementation (p<0.01), vitamin A could promote iron absorption, iron mobilization from liver to target tissues and erythropoiesis. Effects of the interaction between iron and vitamin A on vitamin A concentrations in liver and serum, iron concentration in tibia and erythrocyte count were significant (p<0.05).

Pharmacological blockade of cholesterol trafficking by cepharanthine in endothelial cells suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth

Lyu, Junfang,Yang, Eun Ju,Head, Sarah A.,Ai, Nana,Zhang, Baoyuan,Wu, Changjie,Li, Ruo-Jing,Liu, Yifan,Yang, Chen,Dang, Yongjun,Kwon, Ho Jeong,Ge, Wei,Liu, Jun O.,Shim, Joong Sup Elsevier 2017 Cancer letters Vol.409 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cholesterol is an important modulator of membrane protein function and signaling in endothelial cells, thus making it an emerging target for anti-angiogenic agents. In this study, we employed a phenotypic screen that detects intracellular cholesterol distribution in endothelial cells (HUVEC) and identified 13 existing drugs as cholesterol trafficking inhibitors. Cepharanthine, an approved drug for anti-inflammatory and cancer management use, was amongst the candidates, which was selected for in-depth mechanistic studies to link cholesterol trafficking and angiogenesis. Cepharanthine inhibited the endolysosomal trafficking of free-cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein in HUVEC by binding to Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) protein and increasing the lysosomal pH. The blockade of cholesterol trafficking led to a cholesterol-dependent dissociation of mTOR from the lysosomes and inhibition of its downstream signaling. Cepharanthine inhibited angiogenesis in HUVEC and in zebrafish in a cholesterol-dependent manner. Furthermore, cepharanthine suppressed tumor growth in vivo by inhibiting angiogenesis and it enhanced the antitumor activity of the standard chemotherapy cisplatin in lung and breast cancer xenografts in mice. Altogether, these results strongly support the idea that cholesterol trafficking is a viable drug target for anti-angiogenesis and that the inhibitors identified among existing drugs, such as cepharanthine, could be potential anti-angiogenic and antitumor agents.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A phenotypic screen identified 13 existing drugs, including cepharanthine, as cholesterol trafficking inhibitors. </LI> <LI> Cepharanthine inhibited lysosomal cholesterol trafficking by binding to NPC1 protein and increasing the lysosomal pH. </LI> <LI> The blockade of cholesterol trafficking led to a cholesterol-dependent dissociation of mTOR from the lysosomes. </LI> <LI> Cepharanthine inhibited angiogenesis in HUVEC and in zebrafish in a cholesterol-dependent manner. </LI> <LI> Cepharanthine treatment enhanced the antitumor activity of cisplatin in lung and breast cancer xenografts in mice. </LI> </UL> </P>

The quorum sensing regulator OpaR is a repressor of polar flagellum genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Renfei Lu,Junfang Sun,Yue Qiu,Miaomiao Zhang,Xingfan Xue,Xue Li,Wenhui Yang,Dongsheng Zhou,Lingfei Hu,Yiquan Zhang 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.7

Vibrio parahaemolyticus possesses two types of flagella: asingle polar flagellum (Pof) for swimming and the peritrichouslateral flagella (Laf) for swarming. Expression of Lafgenes has previously been reported to be regulated by the quorumsensing (QS) regulators AphA and OpaR. In the presentstudy, we showed that OpaR, the QS regulator at high cell density(HCD), acted as a negative regulator of swimming motilityand the transcription of Pof genes in V. parahaemolyticus. OpaR bound to the promoter-proximal DNA regionsof flgAMN, flgMN, and flgBCDEFGHIJ within the Pof geneloci to repress their transcription, whereas it negatively regulatesthe transcription of flgKL-flaC in an indirect manner. Thus, this work investigated how QS regulated the swimmingmotility via direct action of its master regulator OpaR onthe transcription of Pof genes in V. parahaemolyticus.

Age quadratically affects intestinal calcium and phosphorus transporter gene expression in broiler chickens

Lv, Xianliang,Hao, Junfang,Wu, Lihua,Liu, Mengyuan,He, Lei,Qiao, Yingying,Cui, Yanyan,Wang, Guan,Zhang, Chunmei,Qu, Hongxia,Han, Jincheng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.12

Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the effects of age on growth, tibia development, and intestinal calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) transporter gene expressions in broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 224 male Arbor Acres broilers were fed with nutrient-adequate diets and reared in eight cages (28 broilers per cage). Eight broilers (one broiler per cage) were selected and killed at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 days of age, respectively. Results: Body weight continuously increased with age of broiler chickens from 5 to 40 days. The bone weight, ash weight, diameter, and length of the tibia also increased with broiler age. By contrast, the tibia ash, Ca, and P percentages quadratically changed with age (p<0.001), and the highest values of mineral contents were observed at 20, 25, and 25 days of age, respectively. The mRNA abundances of calcium-binding protein 28-kDa (CaBP-D28k), sodium-calcium exchanger 1 (NCX1), and plasma membrane ATPase 1b (PMCA1b) increased from 5 to 25 days and then decreased up to 40 days. Similar results were noted in the mRNA abundances of IIb sodium-phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-IIb), inorganic phosphate transporter 1 (PiT-1), inorganic phosphate transporter 2 (PiT-2), nuclear vitamin D receptor (nVDR), and membrane vitamin D receptor (mVDR). The mRNA abundances of Ca and P transporters and VDRs were the highest at 25 days of age. Conclusion: These data indicate that age quadratically affects intestinal Ca and P transporter gene expression and mineral absorption capacity in broiler chickens.

POSITIVE SOLUTION FOR SYSTEMS OF NONLINEAR SINGULAR BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS ON TIME SCALES

Chunmei Miao,Dehong Ji,Junfang Zhao,Weigao Ge,Jiani Zhang 한국수학교육학회 2009 純粹 및 應用數學 Vol.16 No.4

In this paper, we deal with the following system of nonlinear singular boundary value problems(BVPs) on time scale T [수식] where [수식] and [수식] may be singular at t = a, y = 0, and g(t, x) may be singular at t = a. The arguments are based upon a fixed-point theorem for mappings that are decreasing with respect to a cone. We also obtain the analogous existence results for the related nonlinear systems [수식], and [수식] satisfying similar boundary conditions.

Change Detection Algorithm on Wavelet and Markov Random Field

Song Hongxun,Wang Weixing,Zhang Tingting,Yu Tianchao,Song Junfang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.4

In this study, the algorithm that applies Wavelet and multi-scale analysis to remote sensing images is proposed for region variation detection on Markov random field. First of all, the Wavelet transform is adopted to decompose an original image into several sub-images, then the Mahalanobis distance decision function is used to detect the changes in different scale images, and finally the Markov random field is applied to fuse the change detection results at different scales. Since the Markov random field fusion method takes full account of the correlation between the adjacent pixels and the links of the change detection results at different scales, the fusion results are accurate and practical. The testing results prove that the studied algorithm is effective and robust.

Effect of Supplementary Dietary L-carnitine and Yeast Chromium on Lipid Metabolism of Laying Hens

Du, Rong,Qin, Jian,Wang, Jundong,Pang, Quanhai,Zhang, Chunshan,Jiang, Junfang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.2

Two hundred and eighty-eight 21-week-old Hyline Brown laying hens were randomly allotted to 9 treatments, 32 birds for each treatment. A 3${\times}$3 (chromium${\times}$L-carnitine) factorial experiment was designed to investigate the single and interactive effects of adding yeast chromium (0, 400 and 600 ${\mu}g/kg$) and L-carnitine (0, 50 and 100 mg/kg) to corn-soybean diets on lipid metabolism of laying hens for 7 weeks. The results showed that 600 ${\mu}g/kg$ chromium or 100 mg/kg L-carnitine had significant effects on most indices of lipid metabolism (p<0.05 or 0.01). There were significant interactions on the concentration of liver triglycerides, egg yolk cholesterol, abdominal fat percentage between chromium and L-carnitine (p=0.0003-0.0500). Adding 400 ${\mu}g/kg$ chromium and 100 mg/kg Lcarnitine simultaneously was the best for reducing egg yolk cholesterol and adding 400 ${\mu}g/kg$ chromium and 50 mg/kg L-carnitine at the same time was the best for reducing abdominal fat percentage. There was no side effect on production performance of laying hens while chromium or (and) L-carnitine reduced liver lipid, abdominal fat and egg yolk cholesterol.