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과학자에 대한 초등학교 일반 학생과 과학 영재반 학생의 인식 비교 분석
김소형,박재일,정진수,이혜정,권용주,박국태 한국초등과학교육학회 2005 초등과학교육 Vol.24 No.1
This study was designed to compare the understanding of ordinary elementary school students and scientifically gifted students about scientists. 473 fourth, fifth, and sixth graders in ordinary elementary schools and 40 students attending scientific educational institutions for the gifted were studied with the help of questionnaires and interviews. The survey showed that there were no significant differences between the two subject groups in relation to the external images of scientists. The subjects turned out to have four fixed external images. The scientifically gifted students had a better understanding of the internal images of scientists than ordinary elementary school students. Both the subject groups turned out to be influenced by the press media and off-campus education, thinking that scientists served as inventors producing something useful in daily life rather than as researchers studying natural phenomena or laws. It was found out that both groups admired Edison. The ordinary students respected Einstein and Jang Yeong-Sil whereas the scientifically gifted students respected Curie, Jang Yeong-Sil, and Nobel. The subjects admired them because of their achievements instead of their backgrounds or individual characteristics.
Acoustic Duct 내부에 장착된 아이오노머의 이온기 변화에 따른 흡음패턴 측정
장순석,김준섭,이제형,박재철 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2001 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.4 No.2
Nowadays, as the industrial technology and instrumentation are developed, the interest of the characteristic improvement of sound absorbing materials is rising. Recently new sound absorbing materials are being developed and manufactured for commercialization. But most of sound absorbing materials are polymer-typed or are fabricated by polymers (mixtures of polymer and glass fiber, asbestos...) for better physical characteristic. However, there was not much research about sound absorption change by the change of the ionic nature. In this paper, I composed polymers that include alkaline or acid, or other polymer that have the ionic nature to improve sound absorption characteristic and searched the characteristic pattern of the sound absorption of polymer. I used probe microphone instead of 1/4 condenser microphone such as two- microphone method in order to measure in-duct absorption coefficient of specimen of ionomers that are thin and small so that measuring absorption coefficient is not well defined.
Experiences of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment for the North Korean Refugees
Kim, Beong Ki,Kim, Hee Jin,Kim, Ho Jin,Cha, Jae Hyung,Lee, Jin Beom,Jeon, Jeonghe,Kim, Chi Young,Kim, Young,Kim, Je Hyeong,Shin, Chol,Lee, Seung Heon The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2019 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.82 No.4
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is increasing in immigrants. We aimed to investigate the current status of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment for North Korean Refugees (NKR) compared to South Koreans Contacts (SKC). Methods: TB close contacts in a closed facility of SKC and NKR who underwent LTBI screening in a settlement support center for NKR were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Among tuberculin skin test (TST) ${\geq}10mm$ (n=298) reactors, the males accounted for 72.2% in SKC (n=126) and 19.5% in NKR (n=172) (p<0.01). The mean age was higher in South Korea ($42.8{\pm}9.9years$ vs. $35.4{\pm}10.0years$, p<0.01). Additionally, the mean TST size was significantly bigger in NKR ($17.39{\pm}3.9mm$ vs. $16.57{\pm}4.2mm$, p=0.03). The LTBI treatments were initiated for all screened NKR, and LTBI completion rate was only 68.0%. However, in NKR, LTBI treatment completion rate was significantly increased by shorter 4R regimen (odds ratio [OR], 9.296; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.159-20.774; p<0.01) and male (OR, 3.447; 95% CI, 1.191-9.974; p=0.02). Conclusion: LTBI treatment compliance must be improved in NKR with a shorter regimen. In addition, a larger study regarding a focus on LTBI with easy access to related data for NKR should be conducted.
Kim, Hyeong Jun,Cho, Yeong Do,Leem, Kang-Hyun,Lee, Dong-Nyung,Kim, Ee-Hwa,Kim, Myung-Gyou,Kim, Dae-Keun,Shin, Tae-Yong,Boo, Yungmin,Lee, Je-Hyun,Kim, Hye Kyung Heyden & Son 2006 Phytotherapy research Vol.20 No.9
<P>Ephedrae Herba (EH) is obtained by drying the stems of Ephedra sinica Stapf (family Ephedraceae). EH has been used clinically to treat colds and to reduce edema in skin. The effects of EH on melanogenesis were studied in B16 murine melanocytes. The tyrosinase activity and melanin content were measured after incubation with EH. Both reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cDNA microarray analysis were used to study the mechanism of EH action. EH decreased tyrosinase activity and melanin content in a dose-dependent manner. EH decreased microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase gene expression. These effects were controlled by MITF-mediated regulation of tyrosinase gene expression. EH also altered the expression of about 100 other genes. These results suggest that EH may be used clinically to treat freckles and liver spots. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Experiences of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment for the North Korean Refugees
( Beong Ki Kim ),( Hee Jin Kim ),( Ho Jin Kim ),( Jae Hyung Cha ),( Jin Beom Lee ),( Jeonghe Jeon ),( Chi Young Kim ),( Young Kim ),( Je Hyeong Kim ),( Chol Shin ),( Seung Heon Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.82 No.4
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is increasing in immigrants. We aimed to investigate the current status of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment for North Korean Refugees (NKR) compared to South Koreans Contacts (SKC). Methods: TB close contacts in a closed facility of SKC and NKR who underwent LTBI screening in a settlement support center for NKR were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Among tuberculin skin test (TST) ≥10 mm (n=298) reactors, the males accounted for 72.2% in SKC (n=126) and 19.5% in NKR (n=172) (p<0.01). The mean age was higher in South Korea (42.8±9.9 years vs. 35.4±10.0 years, p<0.01). Additionally, the mean TST size was significantly bigger in NKR (17.39±3.9 mm vs. 16.57±4.2 mm, p=0.03). The LTBI treatments were initiated for all screened NKR, and LTBI completion rate was only 68.0%. However, in NKR, LTBI treatment completion rate was significantly increased by shorter 4R regimen (odds ratio [OR], 9.296; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.159-20.774; p<0.01) and male (OR, 3.447; 95% CI, 1.191-9.974; p=0.02). Conclusion: LTBI treatment compliance must be improved in NKR with a shorter regimen. In addition, a larger study regarding a focus on LTBI with easy access to related data for NKR should be conducted.
5-Lipoxygenase Inhibition of the Fructus of Foeniculum vulgare and Its Constituents
( Je Hyeong Lee ),( Dong Ung Lee ),( Yeong Shik Kim ),( Hyun Pyo Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2012 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.20 No.1
The fruits of Foeniculum vulgare (Foeniculi Fructus) have been widely used in Chinese medicine as an antiemetic, ameliorating stomach ailments and as an analgesic. In order to establish its potential for antiallergic use, inhibitory actions of the fruit on 5-lipoxgenase (5-LOX) and β-hexosaminidase release were evaluated. The 70% ethanol extract of this plant material (FR) considerably inhibited 5-LOX-catalyzed leukotriene production from A23187-induced rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-1 cells. The IC50 was 3.2 μg/ ml. From this extract, 12 major compounds including sabinene, fenchone, γ-terpinene, α-pinene, limonene, p-anisylacetone, panisylaldehyde, estragole (4-allylanisole), trans-anethole, scopoletin, bergapten and umbelliferone were isolated. And it was found that several terpene derivatives including γ-terpinene and fenchone as well as phenylpropanoid, trans-anethole, showed considerable inhibitory action of 5-LOX. In particular, the IC50 of trans-anethole was 51.6 μM. In contrast, FR and the isolated compounds did not show considerable inhibitory activity on the degranulation reaction of β-hexosaminidase release from antigen-treated RBL-2H3 cells. Against arachidonic acid-induced ear edema in mice, FR and trans-anethole showed significant inhibition by oral administration at doses of 100-400 mg/kg. In conclusion, FR and several major constituents are 5-LOX inhibitors and they may have potential for treating 5-LOX-related disorders.
Kim, Hee Jin,Chun, Byung Chul,Kwon, AmyM,Lee, Gyeong-Ho,Ryu, Sungweon,Oh, Soo Yeon,Lee, Jin Beom,Yoo, Se Hwa,Kim, Eui Sook,Kim, Je Hyeong,Shin, Chol,Lee, Seung Heon The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2015 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.78 No.4
Background: The tuberculin skin test (TST) is the standard tool to diagnose latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in mass screening. The aim of this study is to find an optimal cut-off point of the TST+ rate within tuberculosis (TB) contacts to predict the active TB development among adolescents in school TB outbreaks. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Review and Assessment database was used to identify active TB development in relation to the initial TST (cut-off, 10 mm). The 7,475 contacts in 89 schools were divided into two groups: Incident TB group (43 schools) and no incident TB group (46 schools). LTBI treatment was initiated in 607 of the 1,761 TST+ contacts. The association with active TB progression was examined at different cut-off points of the TST+ rate. Results: The mean duration of follow-up was $3.9{\pm}0.9years$. Thirty-three contacts developed active TB during the 4,504 person-years among the TST+ contacts without LTBI treatment (n=1,154). The average TST+ rate for the incident TB group (n=43) and no incident TB group (n=46) were 31.0% and 15.5%, respectively. The TST+ rate per group was related with TB progression (odds ratio [OR], 1.025; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.001-1.050; p=0.037). Based on the TST+ rate per group, active TB was best predicted at TST+ ${\geq}$ 16% (OR, 3.11; 95% CI, 1.29-7.51; area under curve, 0.64). Conclusion: Sixteen percent of the TST+ rate per group within the same grade students can be suggested as an optimal cut-off to predict active TB development in middle and high schools TB outbreaks.
Charge-Spin Correlation in van der Waals Antiferromagnet NiPS3
Kim, So Yeun,Kim, Tae Yun,Sandilands, Luke J.,Sinn, Soobin,Lee, Min-Cheol,Son, Jaeseok,Lee, Sungmin,Choi, Ki-Young,Kim, Wondong,Park, Byeong-Gyu,Jeon, C.,Kim, Hyeong-Do,Park, Cheol-Hwan,Park, Je-Geun American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review Letters Vol.120 No.13
Je Hyeong Lee,Omer Shehzad,Sung Kwon Ko,Yeong Shik Kim,Hyun Pyo Kim 고려인삼학회 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.3
Background: The present study was designed to prepare and find the optimum active preparation or fraction from Korea Red Ginseng inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) expression, because MMP-13 is a pivotal enzyme to degrade the collagen matrix of the joint cartilage. Methods: From total red ginseng ethanol extract, n-BuOH fraction (total ginsenoside-enriched fraction), ginsenoside diol-type-enriched fraction (GDF), and ginsenoside triol-type-enriched fraction (GTF) were prepared, and ginsenoside diol type-/F4-enriched fraction (GDF/F4) was obtained from Panax ginseng leaf extract. Results: The n-BuOH fraction, GDF, and GDF/F4 clearly inhibited MMP-13 expression compared to interleukin-1b-treated SW1353 cells (human chondrosarcoma), whereas the total extract and ginsenoside diol-type-enriched fraction did not. In particular, GDF/F4, the most effective inhibitor, blocked the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), c-Jun-activated protein kinase (JNK), and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1/2 (STAT-1/2) among the signal transcription pathways involved. Further, GDF/F4 also inhibited the glycosaminoglycan release from interleukin-1a-treated rabbit cartilage culture (30.6% inhibition at 30 μg/mL). Conclusion: Some preparations from Korean Red Ginseng and ginseng leaves, particularly GDF/F4, may possess the protective activity against cartilage degradation in joint disorders, and may have potential as new therapeutic agents.