신여성과 에로스의 역전극 : 나혜석의 「현숙」 과 김동인의 「김연실전」 을 대상으로

안숙원 한국여성문학학회 2000 여성문학연구 Vol.3 No.-

본고는 신여성의 섹슈얼리티를 성 역할 전환의 소재 전통 속에서 검토한 것이다. 텍스트가 한 시대와의 컨텍스트를 이루기도 하지만 초시대적 상호텍스트성을 갖는다는 것이 문학 소재사 내지 주제론의 방법론적 근거가 된다. 이렇게 볼 때 나혜석과 김동인이 그들 시대의 가장 뜨거운 이슈였던 신여성의 섹슈얼리티에 각각 「현숙」과 「김연실전」으로 대응한 것은 현실상관성도 갖지만 서사를 주도하는 여성들이 파격적이고 공격적인 에로스를 보여준다는 점에서 성 해방의 소재사에 접맥되어 있다고 하겠다. 에로스의 역전극은 실상 여성 억압의 역사만큼이나 길고도 오랜 양성공존의 문화적 본능에 다름 아니다. 이를 개화기의 여성작가와 남성작가가 재독해한 「현숙」과 「김연실전」은 그러므로 성 역할 전환의 개화기식 변이라고 할 것이다. 이 텍스트들은 가정을 박차고 카페나 학교 같은 공적 영역으로 나온 가출여성 주인공이 서사를 주도하며 속물적 신남성을 길들이는 점에서 공통성을 갖지만 차이점도 있다. 예컨대 「현숙」에서 주인공 현숙의 섹슈얼리티는 자의식에 바탕을 둔 계산된 것이라면, 「김연실전」의 경우 욕망과 일탈을 혼동한 신여성의 허위의식이란 것이다. 곧 「현숙」에서 타산적이고 영악스러운 카페여급 현숙이 금전등록기로 자처하며 그녀 주위의 신남성들과 계약결혼을 제의하는 위악적인 여성인데 비해 「김연실전」의 동경유학생 김연실은 통속소설을 탐독하다 문학=연애라는 생각에 이르고, 연애는 여성해방인 즉 연애를 경험해야 선각자가 된다고 믿으며 남성편력에 나서는 위선적 여성이다. 이 같은 낙차는 전자가 여성에게 호의적인 여성 텍스트이고, 후자는 여성에게 적대적인 남성 텍스트인 것에 기인하는 것일 수도 있다. I examined the New Woman's sexuality and the perversion of eros based on literary thematics (Stoffgeschichte). I especially pointed out Rha, Hye-Suk's Hyun-Sook(1936) and Kim, Dong-In's Kim, Ryun-Sil jun(1939) in this article. That's why they had very exceptional and aggressive sexuality in their period, the so called, Korean Enlightened Times, in the early part of the 20th C. Actually, the eros of upside-down is a cultural causality and psychic drama referring to the sexual hegemonic conflict in the patriarchy. Many writers have continually represented this androgynous, bisexual utopians in their texts. Also, Rha, Hye-Suk and Kim, Dong-In presented their way of re-reading this theme. This is what Hyun-Sook and Kim, Ryun-Sil jun I tried to discuss here. The two texts have something a common with the New Woman taming man. The female protagonists of them attacked the traditional moral, patriarchy. On the other hand, they have many differences as follows. Fist, Hyun-Sook written by Rha, Hye-Suk presents a new type of marriage according to contract. Hyun-Sook, the main character of the text is a very clever and highly self-conscious cafe waitress. She regards herself as a register, neglecting passion. That's why she's obsessed by her past love-affairs. She only has her name, Hyun-Sook in the text and others are anonymous men referred to by their initial Y, K, L…… She leads the narrative and wants to contract a marriage with her spouse every 6 months. She's going to raise money to pay for a sexual service in exchange for an account. I guess she's snobbish, even though it's a kind of strategy reversing her eros and allows for the contemporary Korean econimic poor situation colonized by Japan in the 1930s. It's too difficult to differentiate between her desire and sexual deviation. Second, Kim, Ryun-Sil jun written by Kim, Dong-In coufused us, too. The heroine Kim, Ryun-Sil stole her step-mother's money and ran away from home. She went to Tokyo without any idea of what she wanted to do. She entered a school and soon decided to be the New Woman leader which was affected and mediated by her friends. She began to read a few popular English novels translated into Japanese. She tries to have a boy friend the same as the novel's lover. She believes the sexuality of erotic feeling is real love and that's the way of practicing a woman's liberation. She's not so much a woman leader, as she is a frivolous, hypocritical girl enjoying free sex. In the semiotic viewpoint, the former written by the female writer who was a New Woman, intentionally upsets the new intellectual men and the traditional morals. The latter, the male writer's ironical discourse, laughs at the New Woman and her love. In conclusion, both of them criticized the New Woman's sexuality which was morally ruined in the 1930s, but the texts may probably show us a type of a 'newly Born Woman'(called by Helene Cixous) against the phallic power in the transition period of Korean modernization.

中學校 家政科 敎育에 관한 考察

安淑子,南相瑀 中央大學校 韓國敎育問題硏究所 1987 韓國敎育問題硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.4

Home Economics education in Korea began early in 1900, and has undergone a series of five revisions since the curriculum for the middle school was estabsished. The fifth revision in 1987 newly established Technique-Home Economics for common use of boys and girls in the middle school. The revised Home Economics included in itself daily life as a consumer and computer fields, putting emphasis on family life. The Technique-Home Economics attaches much importance to technique, industry, drawing, computer, and electricity. Mooted points in Home Economics education indicate a shortage of educational facilities, a small number of lesson hours, entrance-examination-centered education, lecture-centered education based on the textbook, memorybased lessons, and having recourse solely to written examination on memorized knowledge in evaluation. From the findings aforementioned were made suggestions. as follows: 1. Home Economics should be a compulsory subject for common use of boys and girls in the middle school. 2. The curricular operation is required to accompany experiments and practical technique. 3. The contents of Home Economics must maintain consistency from elementary to middle and high schools, and adjustment be made in consideration of difficulty and mutual connection. 4. Reeducation and in-service training systems for teachers should be effectively operated. 5. Training for specialists for Home Economics education is needed.

아리랑과 現代作家의 再讀解

안숙원 서울保健大學 1987 論文集 Vol.7 No.1

서울 주부의 가공식품에 대한 인식 및 이용실태에 관한 연구

안숙자 中央大學校 韓國敎育問題硏究所 1989 韓國敎育問題硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.5

A Study on Images and Consumption about Instant Food of Seoul Homemakers, Findings from an inquiry into images on and consumption of instant food for 582 housewives in Seoul, are summarized as follows: 1) The thought of housewives take 'convenient' as the best advantage in the image on instant food, generally speaking, 'preference', 'hygienic concern' and 'eating frequently' are moderate, while 'good for health' and 'credible' are shown with the lowest points. 2) Twenties housewives purchased instant food the most. 3) The reasons why they take instant food are ascribed to 'convenient to cook' by 78.2%, to 'time saving' by 69.4%, to 'the taste of the children' by 65.0%. 4) The reasons why they do not use instant food are attributed to 'bad for health' by 46.5%, to 'too expensive' by 27.4%, and to 'doubtful in quality' by 15.0%. 5) Effects on purchasing instant food come from the experience of previous use as high as 31.1%. 6) Instant Noodle and Bread are consumed the most, and then consumption is shown from high to low in order of Tomatoketchup, Instand laver, Ham, Mayonnaise, jam, Cheese and Sousage.

한국노인의 식품선호도에 관한 조사 연구

안숙자 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학논집 Vol.13 No.-

This study was to investigate food habits and food preference of 104 male and 248 female elderly who were more than 60years old and living in Seoul. The survey was conducted through questionnaires. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Most of subjects ate three meals regularly and most of subject's favorite meal time was dinner. The duration time of one meal was 20min.(51.0%), 30min.(27.1%). The most preferred taste was sweet and the less preferred taste was sour. 2. Preference for staple foods; Cooked rice(Ssalbap and Chapgogbap), Kalkooksoo(hot noodle), Nangmyun(cold noodle), Rice gruel with pumpkin. Rice gruel with abalone, Rice gruel with red bean were preferred most by the subjects. 3. Preferences for side dishes; Most of the elderly subjects like soybean paste soup, Thick broth of meat, Soybean stew, Kimchi stew, Namul and Sangchae. Most of the elderly subjects like Kimchi(81.1%). Korean cabbage Kimchi was preferred most by subjects. Most of broil food showed high preference, such as Broiled beef, Broiled pork, Baked fish. Preferences of Snacks; Fruits and Rice cake(Dduhk) were preferred most by the subjects. Most of the elderly subjects thought that vegetarian style(59.5%) is desirable meal pattern. 4. Preferences of Dining out food; Korean food was favored by elderly subjects and the preference of Korean food was higher in female than male. Japanese food was preferred by elderly subjects, male liked Japanese food more than female.

「萬歲前」硏究

안숙원 서울保健大學 1988 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

對話理論과 朴泰遠의 小說 : 「川邊風景」을 對象으로

안숙원 서울保健大學 1992 論文集 Vol.12 No.1

This is a study on Taewon Park's novels based on the dialogical imagination. Taewon Park was born at Sujung Pakkol(Seoul), on January 1, 1909, His first novel "Beard"(수염), which was a short story, appeared in the October issue of Shinsang in 1930. While working with Taejoon Lee, Jiyong Chung, Kirim Kim, Sang Lee, and Hyoseok Lee as a member of The group of nine people, he wrote experimental novels such as "A day of novelist Kubo" and "The Scenery of Riverside"(천변풍경). In spite of such a contribution to Korean Literature, he was rarely mentioned because he went to North Korea. The aim of the present paper is to analyze Taewon Park's "The scenery of Riverside" based on the dialogical imagination of M. Bakhtin. The present study, I hope, will not only supplement the already established study of this novel but also provide a motivation for further study of the writer, Taewon Park. 1. 'riverside' literally means Chungge river in Seoul; however, 'riverside', the signifiant, represents the negative value of human condition, which is the signifie. In other words, The Scenery of Riverside criticizes the wordly city life of Korean society in 1930 through the joys and sorrows of the people who were alienated and neglected in the midst of civilization and modernization. Moreover, this novel shows us the mind of middle-class people through. 2. Riverside' has the spatial function of passage ritual that the people inflowing from the country to the city have to go through. 3. Riverside' has another function of a public agora where information is exchanged centering around a barbershop and a laundry place, It also can be a space for carnival, considering laundry and haircut are the act of carnival of self-renewal(dirty/clean). 4. The ambivalence of carnival is revealed through the contrast between hiding and revealing of the chacters in the novel, between being deceived and deceiving, between reality and appearance, between friendship and hostility. 5. As for the style, a) stylization, b) parody, c) reported speech, d) the middle-class voicedness of Seoul, using the pharaseology of the parallel that the Pansori has, are seen(so called, polyphony). 6. There is no main character in this novel; no hero or heroine. Rather, this novel largly depends on the view of Jaebong, a boy at the barbershop. Jaebong, however, has a two side value-the viewer and the character. 7. This novel juxtaposes the episodes, like the collage of the visual art.

한국주부의 제례의식에 관한 조사연구

안숙자,박경란 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2001 생활과학논집 Vol.14 No.-

This study is to investigate how locan and general environmental factors influenced on sacrificial consciousness of housekeepers in a city and a country. And the purpose is to take its modern meaning and to make it a basic data in order to succeed to traditional culture. 1.Sacrificial consciousness of housekeepers was not showing meaningful difference between a city and a country. Most of housekeepers were showing the affirmative attitudes. 2.Sacrificial consciousness was more higher in older age than the young(P<.001). And, in the case of that the religious of housekeeper or her husband's family was Buddhism. Atheist and Confucianism, its consciousness was high(P<.001). And, as the housekeeper was elder(P<.05) and her academic carrier was lower(P<.001), sacrificial consciousness was much higher. 3.The correlations of sacrificial consciousness each other have a statical correlation on the whole. 4.Considering between the sacrificial consciousness and general variation of the object of the study, sacrificial consciousness was much higher, as the age was older, order in family of her husband was higher and her academic carrier was lower. Consequently, sacrificial consciousness of housekeepers was in affirmative tendency. And there was not any difference between a city and a country. Meanwhile, there was some difference according to age, religious of her husband's family or housekeeper , academic carrier, and order in the family of husband.

역사소설과 박태원의 「갑오농민전쟁」연구

안숙원 서울保健大學 1998 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

The historical novel is a hybrid genre using reality and imagination. It helps us to increase our historical consciousness. It's more utilitarian than any other novel. Park Tae Won's novel, Kobo Peasantry War includes an idea against the anti-communism of South Korea(Kobo is one of sixty names according to Chinese Calendar which has each year's name and repeats it every 60S). But it's famous for the characterization and social totality in Korean history in 1894. In order to do that, Park described the international political situation, ruling class and the people‘s lives in three dimensions; vertical/horizontal, up/down, and inward/outward. He created a type, 0 sang Min, who is one of the peasantry, too. The novel has been evaluated by many critics for a long time. It also discusses many issues. It showed a historical vision through peasantry war to Korean survival which rejected the ruling class and foreign enemies. It represented instigation and radical discourse due to Stalin rhetoric. It also divided the enemies of the two parts. The parts consisted of the ruling class and foreign enemies. This resulted in the binary opposition of world viewpoints. Park worte that historical novel to reveal the peasantry`s resistance. He expressed their anger and revenge. I call it poetics of anger and revenge. I can't help discussing this novel which degraded the aesthetic value as a literary text. It's Park's dilemma and our obligation to write more about the Korean literary history until the unification of the Korean peninsular.

백신애의 반미학과 페미니즘

안숙원 한국여성문학학회 2000 여성문학연구 Vol.4 No.-

본고는 1930년대 여성 작가의 입지를 고려하면서 백신애 소설의 반미학과 페미니즘을 규명해 본 것이다. 백신애의 문학은 이질적이고 악마주의적 반항의 미학이란 점에서 반미학이요, 위반의 시학이다. 그녀의 작중인물들은 거칠고 불순하며 언술층위에서도 비속한 욕설이 난무하고 물질적 이미지와 광기의 디스코스로 언어의 카니발현상을 이룬다. 이러한 언어들은 지배적 공식문화의 코드를 전복하려는 담화전략으로 기호적 코라의 충동이 리비도적 공격성을 발휘한 결과이다. 백신애는 그리 많지 않은 작품을 남겼지만 서사적 관심의 영역은 다양한 편이어서 여성문제를 다룬 것들도 페미니즘/반페미니즘에 걸쳐 있다. 필자는 그녀의 페미니즘 텍스트들 중 어머니를 주인공으로 한 어머니의 서사인 「적빈」 「광인수기」 「아름다운 노을」 등을 독해함으로써 그녀가 모성성을 다각도에서 조명하고 이를 매우 적극적으로 인식하고 있음을 보았다. 즉 여기에서 논의된 작품들은 비천한 어머니에서 아름다운 어머니에 이르기까지 극단적인 양상을 드러내지만 그러한 변별적 차이야말로 종국적으로는 모성의 상호충돌하는 모순적 면모들이라는 점이다. 아울러 그녀는 가부장적 남성중심사회 아래, 모성이데올로기의 피해자가 여성만이 아니고 어머니의 응석받이 아들, 무기력한 남성의 재생산에로 귀결될 수도 있음을 보여준다. I examined Baek, Shin-Ae's short stories and her paraesthetic referring to women writers' conditions in the 1930s. Her works have heteroginity and resistance. For example, the characters of her texts are very inpure, hard shrewd women. At the same time, they have abjected mothers and insanity and grotesque images. Her discourses are composed of abusive, aggressive language and curse. I pointed out she had tried to subverve official cultural codes ruled by patriarchy as narrative strategies. She had not so many works, but her narrative interests were a little various. Actually, her short stories contained feminism/anti-feminism including Korean immigrant in Russia in the Japanese colonial period, 1930s. I had discussed some of her feminism texts, Jukbin(extreme poverty), Gwanginsoogi(an insane person's note), Areumdawoon Noeul (beautiful sunset). As a result, I have found those texts showed us her viewpoint of motherhood which was contradictory, revealing from an abjected (Julia Kristeva's critical term) mother to a pretty woman. Then, I concluded mothering under the patriarchy has always repressed woman as a victim, however, the mother reproducted her anaclitic children. That's why such a woman enervates her son and daughter by her mother-fixation, too.