Mini-implant를 이용한 III급 부정교합 환자의 협진 치료 : 문제중심의 교정치료

임동혁,김영신,조민아,김기성,양성은 대한치과교정학회 2007 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.37 No.4

집단수준에서 변혁적 리더십 및 집단 효능성과 집단성과의 관계에 관한 연구

조임현,유동근 한국경영과학회 2000 韓國經營科學會誌 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among transformational leadership, group-efficacy, and group performance. A total of 321 employees of a fire and marine insurance firm in Seoul anonymously completed the Multifactor Leadership Questionnare-Form V. which consists of tree factors(charisma, individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation) for transformational leadership, and two factors(contingent reward and management by exception) for transactional leadership. The sample, which largely consists of sales supervisors and salesmen, includes 41 sales office branches. The findings of the study are as follows Transformational leadership is closely associated with group-efficacy and group performance. That is, there are significant correlations between transformational factors and group-efficacy, between the factors and group performance, and between group-efficacy and group performance. A stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that transformational leadership augmented the subordinates's extra efforts. It was also found that group-efficacy was mediating the relationship between transformational leadership and group performance. The managerial implications of these findings and future directions jof research are also discussed.

간호실무 표준화 연구

조동숙,임숙빈,원종순,김옥수,김경애 서울보건대학 1995 서울보건대학 부설 병원경영연구소 논문집 Vol.1 No.1

A study on the standard of nursing practices. In order for new nurses to increase rapid adaptation and realistic nursing practice abilities in a new clinical setting, it is essential that there be a congruence with contents and methods of nursing practice education between the nursing education agency and clinical nursing practice managers. Therefore, a research on standard nursing practice for new nurses was conducted in order to induce common understanding about nursing practice between instructors of nursing college and head nurses of hospital, before opening 500∼700 bed sized hospital which used clinical practice setting for this nursing college and main working field after graduation. To achieve the above research purposes, nursing practice education materials for new nurses of two affiliated hospitals and four 500∼700 bed sized hospitals were collected. And then the contents of 6 materials were categorized according to theme, afterwards new contents of education materials were selected through discussions among the 5 researchers. Ultimately, the standard of nursing practices for new nurses was developed in hospital with 500∼700 beds.

관로 내의 염소농도 변화특성의 모의를 위한 수질모형의 개발과 비교

조임영,김상현,이현동 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Considering the dynamic conditions in the pipe network, the inverse chlorine models have been integrated to the hydraulic transient model on the platform of the method of characteristics. EPANET2 is compared with the developed models to express the advantages of the unsteady model to the steady state approach. The developed models show realistic prediction of chlorine concentration with the impact of friction loss. However, the stability of numerical scheme need further research to overcome the numerical errors in the rapidly varied flow condition.

전자상거래의 비용우위 효과에 관한 소비자 지각 : 인터넷 쇼핑몰 이용자를 중심으로 Concentrated on Consumers' Perceptions on the Internet Shopping Mall

유동근,서영호,조임현 한국경영과학회 1999 한국경영과학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Since the Internet was applied for commercial purpose, many companies have been making use of the internet in electronic commerce and the internet has brought many changes on consumer and supplier behaviors. It seems that consumers and suppliers can obtain more accurate information rapidly and pay less for the same product/service than in traditional commerce. This study tries to investigate the difference in the cost factors perceived by consumers between traditional commerce and the Internet commerce. Empirical results show that there is no significant difference in consumers' perception of cost factors between traditional commerce and the internet commerce Contrary to general perception, a large number of consumers do no, believe that the internet commerce is generally more economical than traditional commerce. The factors where the consumers think Internet commerce has cost advantages are search cost and purchasing cost. However, consumers are understanding the benefits of the internet commerce and are expecting that internet commerce bring about economic advantages in consumer markets in the near future.

[18F]FDG PET을 이용한 강박증 환자에서 뇌 포도당 대사의 이상에 관한 연구

권준수,이동우,이재성,최정임,이동수,정준기,조맹제,이명철,류인균 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.2

연구목적: 강박증에 대한 기능적 뇌영상 연구들에서 강박증 환자들의 안와전두엽과 미상핵의 대사율 증가 소견이 비교적 일과되게 발표되어 왔으며, 전두-피질하 회로의 이상이라는 이론이 수립되기도 하였다. 그러나 기존의 연구들은 강박증의 유병기간에 따른 구분없이 시행된 연구였고, 영상분석 방법에 있어서도 관심영역 방법을 이용했다는 한계를 지니고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 강박증의 유병기간에 따라 환자군을 구분하여 PET 영상소견을 분석함으로써 유병 기간에 따른 차이가 있는지를 조사하였으며, 둘째, 강바증 환자의 포도당 양전자방출 단층촬영(18-Fluor-deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography : FDG-PET) 영상분석에 통계적 매개변수 지도법(Statistical Parametric Mapping : SPM)을 이용함으로써 강박증의 병인기전 및 강박증상과 뇌기능 간의 관계를 명확히 규명하고자 하였다. 방법: 구조적 면담도구(Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV : SCID-IV)를 적용하여 진단된 12명의 강박증 환자들과 10명의 정상 대조군에 대해 FDG-PET을 촬영하여 SPM으로 분석하였다. PET 촬영 전 적어도 4주 동안에는 약물복용을 하지 않은 상태였다. 결과: 1) 환자군과 대조군의 비교 : 강박증 환자군은 대조군에 비해 양측 두정 영역의 대사율이 유의하게 감소되어 있었으며(P<0.01). 대사증가를 보인 영역은 없었다. 강박증의 유병기간이 10년 이상인 만성강박증 환자 4명은 양측 안와전두엽에서 유의한 대사증가 소견을 보였으며(P<0.01), 양측 두정영역에서 유의한 대사감소 소견을 보였다 (P<0.01), 유병기간이 10년 이하인 환자에서는 전체 환자군의 분석에서와 마찬가지로 대조군에 비해 유의한 대사증가 소견을 보인 영역은 없었으며, 양측 두정엽 부위에서 유 의한 대사 감소 소견을 보였다.(P<0.01). 2) 강박증상의 심각도와의 상관관계 분석 : 우측 두정엽의 대사율은 강박장애 척도 점수와 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(p<0.01), 양측 시상 영역의 대사율은 예일-브라운 강박장애 척도의 강박장애척도 점수와 유의한 양의 상관관계(p<0.01)를 보였다. 결론: 본 연구는 결과는 기존의 연구들에서 보고된 안와전두엽의 대사 증가 소견이 강박증의 만성화로 인해 나타나는 2차적 장애이며, 두정엽의 대사 저하가 보다 1차적인 장애일 가능성을 시사한다. Baxter가 수립한 전두-피질하 회로 이론은 두정엽의 이상을 포함하는 전두-두정엽 복합체 이론으로 확장되어야 할 것이다. Objectives: Functional imaging studies on obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) subjects have repeatedly reported increased metabolism in orbitofrontal lobes and caudate nucleus, resulting in the "frontal-subcortical" circuit abnormality theory. Limitations of the previous studies to date include little consideration for the duration of illness, and the use of regions of interest methods, as an image analysis method. Our study objectives are 1) to include the duration of illness as an important study variable, and 2) to use Statistical Parametric Mapping(SPM) method in order to tap relations between the brain function and the psychopathology and symptoms of OCD. Methods: The [18] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG-PET) scans of OCD subjects and normal comparison subjects, as diagnosed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV(SCID-IV), were analyzed using SPM. Results: 1) Comparison of OCD and control groups : OCD subjects had significantly decreased metabolism in both parietal lobes and didn't have any areas of increased metabolism in comparison to comparison subjects(p.<0.01). four OCD subjects with the illness duration of 10 years or longer, had significantly increased metabolism in both orbitofrontal lobes<p<0.01). OCD subjects whose illness duration is shorter than 10 years didn't have any areas of increased metabolism and had significantly decreased parietal lobe metabolism, as in the analyses of all subjects(p<0.01). 2) Correlation analysis between areas and symptom severity : Metabolism of both thalamic sreas showed significant positive correlation with Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale(Y-BOCS) scores(p<0.01). Metabolism of right parietal area showed significant negative corre lation with Y-BOCS scores(p<0.01). Conclusions: The current findings suggest that the increased metabolism in orbitofrontal lobe, previously rported, may be a secondary phenomenon due to the extended illness dur- ation and that decreased metabolism in the parietal lobes are primary abnormality in OCD subjects. Thus Baxter's fronto-subcortical circuit theory should be extended into "fronto-pari-etal" complex theory, which includes the parietal lobes.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

Current Perspectives on the Selective Regulation of Dopamine D2 and D3 Receptors

Dong Im Cho,김경만,Mei Zheng 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.10

Among the characterized dopamine receptor subtypes, D2 receptor (D2R) and D3 receptor (D3R) are the main targets of neuroleptics that are currently in use. In particular, D3R is closely related to the etiology of schizophrenia and drug addiction. The spatial expression patterns of D2R and D3R are distinct in certain areas of the brain. D2R are heavily expressed in the regions responsible for motor functions, whereas D3R are more selectively expressed in the limbic regions, which are associated with cognitive and emotional functions. Therefore, disturbances in the motor and endocrine functions, which are the most serious problems caused by the current neuroleptics, are likely to result from the non-selective blockade of D2R. Selective regulation of D3R is needed to separate the desired therapeutic activities from unwanted side effects that result from promiscuous blockade of other receptors. D2R and D3R possess high sequence homology and employ similar signaling pathways, and it is difficult to selectively regulate them. In this review, we discuss the signaling mechanisms, intracellular trafficking, and desensitization properties of D2R and D3R. In addition, the proteins interacting with D2R or D3R are discussed in relation to their roles in the regulation of receptor functions, followed by the current status of the development of selective D3R ligands.

Functional interaction between dopamine receptor subtypes for the regulation of c-fos expression

( Dong Im Cho ),( Wen Ying Quan ),( Min Ho Oak ),( Hyun Jin Choi ),( Kwang Youl Lee ),( Kyeong Man Kim ) 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2007 약품개발연구지 Vol.16 No.-

Effects of resveratrol-related hydroxystilbenes on the nitric oxide production in macrophage cells : structural requirements and mechanism of action

Cho, Dong-Im,Koo, Na-Youn,Chung, Woon-Jae,Kim, Tae-Sung,Ryu, Shi Yong,Im, Suhn Young,Kim, Kyeong Man 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2002 약품개발연구지 Vol.11 No.-

NF-_κB that plays an important role in iNOS expression is one of the targets of various potential anti-inflammatory agents including resveratrol. Resveratol contains a structural similarity with estrogen, and there has been speculation about resveratrol as estrogen agonist. In this study, the mechanism and structural requirements of resveratrol and related hydroxystilbenes for the inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production were studied in macrophage cells (RAW 264.7 and J774) by comparing its effect on LPS-induced NF-_κB translocation and nitric oxide production, and by considering the possibility of involvement of an estrogen receptor. LPS-induced nitric oxide production was inhibited only when cells were treated with resveratol prior to stimulation with LPS, suggesting that resveratol does not affect the enzyme itself, A higher concentration of resveratol than needed for the inhibition of nitric oxide production was required for the inhibition of NF-_κB mobilization or iNOS expression. Estrogen and diethylstilbesterol, an estrogen agonist, caused only weak inhibition of nitric oxide production, and the effects of resveratol were not noticeably blocked by ICI-182780, an estrogen antagonist. Structure-activity analysis of resveratol and nine hydroxystilbenes suggests that the structural balance between oxygen functional groups on the bezene rings is important for their activity. Our results suggest that resveratol might act on other cellular targets as well as NF-_κB at the initial stage of gene expression. Unique structural features of hydroxystilbenes are needed for suppression of nitric oxide production and it is unlikely that estrogen receptor is involved in it.