Impact of interleukin-21 in the pathogenesis of primary Sjogren's syndrome: increased serum levels of interleukin-21 and its expression in the labial salivary glands

Kang, Kwi Young,Kim, Hyun-Ok,Kwok, Seung-Ki,Ju, Ji Hyeon,Park, Kyung-Su,Sun, Dong-Il,Jhun, Joo Yeon,Oh, Hye Jwa,Park, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Ho-Youn BioMed Central 2011 ARTHRITIS RESEARCH AND THERAPY Vol.13 No.5

<P><B>Introduction</B></P><P>Interleukin (IL)-21 is a cytokine that controls the functional activity of effector T helper cells and the differentiation of Th17 cells, and promotes B-cell differentiation. To test whether IL-21 participates in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), serum IL-21 level was measured and IL-21 expression in the labial salivary glands (LSG) was examined.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Serum IL-21 levels in 40 primary SS, 40 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 38 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and 20 healthy controls were measured. Serum IL-21 levels of SS patients were assessed for correlations with laboratory data, including anti-nuclear antibody, anti-Ro/La antibodies, globulin, immunoglobulin (Ig) class, and IgG subclass. LSGs from 16 primary SS and 4 controls with sicca symptoms were evaluated for IL-21 and IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) expression by immunohistochemistry. Confocal microscopy was performed to further characterize the IL-21 positive cells.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Primary SS patients had significantly higher serum IL-21 levels than controls, and these increments correlated positively with levels of IgG, IgG1. Serum IgG1 levels correlated with anti-Ro antibody titers. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that lymphocytic foci and the periductal area of the LSGs from SS patients expressed high levels of IL-21 and lower levels of IL-21R, whereas the control LSGs showed minimal expression of both antigens. The more the lymphocyte infiltrated, IL-21expression in LSGs showed a tendency to increase. Confocal microscopic analyses revealed that IL-21 expressing infiltrating lymphocytes in the LSGs of SS patients also expressed CXCR5.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Primary SS is associated with high serum IL-21 levels that correlate positively with serum IgG, especially IgG1, levels. The expression of IL-21 is increased as more lymphocytes infiltrated in LSGs. These observations suggest that IL-21 may play an important role in primary SS pathogenesis.</P>

진통산(痛散)이 흰쥐의 adjuvant 유발 관절염 및 척수내 C-fos 발현에 미치는 영향

손동우 ( Dong Woo Son ),김순중 ( Sun Jung Kim ),서일복 ( Il Bok Seo ) 한방재활의학과학회 2005 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigated the anti-pathogenetic and curative effects of Jintong-san(Chentong-san) on Complete Freund`s Adjuvant(CFA) induced arthritis in rats. Methods : In experiment, Thirty male rats were divided into non-treated normal group(n=12), control group(n=12) is distilled water treated for 15 days after onset of arthritis by CFA, treated group(n=6) is Jintong-san(Chentong-san) treated for 15 days after onset of arthritis by CFA. Body weight, paw edema volume, and thickness of ankle joint were measured at 0, 5, 10, 15 days after treatment. At 15 days after treatment, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 level in Paw Exudate were analysed for anti-inflammatory effect, C-fos immunoreactive cells measurement for analgesic effect, and histopathological examination was performed on the ankle joint. Results : Paw edema volume, thickness of ankle joint, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, C-fos immunoreactive cells number of treated group was significantly decreased compared with control group and histopathologically, destructive lesions of articular cartilage and subchondral bony tissue, and degree of fibrous ankylosis in treated group were alleviated compared with those of control group. Conclusions : These results indicated that Jintong-san(Chentong-san) has inhibitory effects on the progression of CFA arthritis in rats, by it`s lowering effects on the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2, and analgesic effect by C-fos immunoreactive cells decrease.

군집 별 표준곡선 매개변수를 이용한 치밀오일 생산성 예측 순환신경망 모델

한동권(Dong-kwon Han),김민수(Min-soo Kim),권순일(Sun-il Kwon) 한국정보통신학회 2021 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2

치밀오일 미래 생산성 예측은 잔류오일 회수량 및 저류층 거동 분석을 위해 중요한 작업이다. 일반적으로 석유공학적 관점에서 감퇴곡선법을 이용하여 생산성 예측이 이루어지는데, 최근에는 데이터기반의 머신러닝 기법을 이용한 연구도 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 딥러닝 기반 순환신경망과 LSTM, GRU 알고리즘을 이용하여 미래 생산량 예측을 위한 효과적인 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 입력변수로는 치밀오일 생산 시 산출되는 오일, 가스, 물과 이와 더불어 다양한 군집분석을 통해 산출된 표준곡선이 주요 매개변수이고, 출력변수는 월별 오일 생산량이다. 기존의 경험적 모델인 감퇴곡선법과 순환신경망 모델들을 비교하였으며, 모델의 예측성능을 향상시키기 위해 하이퍼파라미터 튜닝을 통해 최적 모델을 도출하였다. Predicting future productivity of tight oil is an important task for analyzing residual oil recovery and reservoir behavior. In general, productivity prediction is made using the decline curve analysis(DCA). In this study, we intend to propose an effective model for predicting future production using deep learning-based recurrent neural networks(RNN). LSTM, and GRU algorithms. As input variables, the main parameters are oil, gas, water, which are calculated during the production of tight oil, and the type curve calculated through various cluster analyzes. the output variable is the monthly oil production. Existing empirical models, the DCA and RNN models, were compared, and an optimal model was derived through hyperparameter tuning to improve the predictive performance of the model.

LPS로 유도한 RAW 264.7 세포의 염증반응에서 자초(紫草)의 항염증 효과

최선복 ( Sun Bok Choi ),배기상 ( Gi Sang Bae ),조일주 ( Il Joo Jo ),박경철 ( Kyoung Chel Park ),서승희 ( Seung Hee Seo ),김동구 ( Dong Goo Kim ),신준연 ( Joon Yeon Shin ),곽태신 ( Tae Sin Gwak ),이정현 ( Jung Hyun Lee ),이금산 ( G 대한본초학회 2013 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.28 No.2

Objective: Lithospermum Erythrorhizon (LE) has been used as an anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory agent. However, it is unclear that LE aqueous extract could show the anti-inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract from LE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - induced inflammatory response. Methods: To measure out the cytotoxicity of LE, we performed the MTT assay. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of LE, we examined the inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin, (IL)-1β and (IL)-6) on RAW 264.7 cells. We also examined molecular mechanisms such as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-B (NF-κB) activation by western blot. Results : Aqueous Extract from LE itself did not have any cytotoxic effect in RAW 264.7 cells. Aqueous extract from LE inhibited LPS-induced productions of inflammatory mediators such as NO, PGE2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-a, IL-1β and IL-6 in RAW 264.7cells. In addition, LE inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 kinases (p38), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion : LE down-regulated LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators through the inhibition of p38, JNK and NF-κB activation. Taken together, these results could provide the evidence for the anti-inflammatory effects of LE. Therefore, LE may be a novel target in the management of inflammation and help to support a potential strategy for prevention and therapy of inflammatory diseases.

Anti-photoaging effect of fermented agricultural by-products on ultraviolet B-irradiated hairless mouse skin

CHOI, SUN-IL,JUNG, TAE-DONG,CHO, BONG-YEON,CHOI, SEUNG-HYUN,SIM, WAN-SUP,HAN, XIONGGAO,LEE, SANG JONG,KIM, YOUNG-CHEUL,LEE, OK-HWAN UNKNOWN 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.44 No.2

<P> Processed products from agricultural produce generate a large number of agricultural by-products that contain a number of functional substances. These are often discarded owing to the lack of suitable processing methods. The present study investigated the anti-photoaging properties of fermented rice bran (FRB), soybean cake (FSB) and sesame seed cake (FSC) on ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated hairless mouse skin. Results indicated that the oral administration of FRB, FSB and FSC effectively inhibited the UVB irradiation-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, MMP-3 and MMP-13. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction results also demonstrated that FRB, FSB and FSC significantly inhibited the UVB-induced expression of the genes encoding tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β when compared with the UVB-vehicle group (P<0.05). Additionally, collagen degradation and mast cell infiltration were reduced in hairless mouse skin. Furthermore, UVB-induced wrinkle formation was also significantly reduced in mouse skin compared with the UVB-vehicle group (P<0.05). These results reveal that fermented agricultural by-products may serve as potential functional materials with anti-photoaging activities. </P>

후두암에서의 인유두종 바이러스의 검출과 아형분류

선동일,김민식,조재홍,박영학,조승호 대한이비인후과학회 1998 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.41 No.5

설전절제술후 유리피판술을 이용한 설재건술의 기능적 평가

선동일,김민식,이정학,전진하,송치준,조승호 대한이비인후과학회 2000 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.43 No.10

만성부비동염 환자에서 부비동 단순 X-선 사진과 전산화 단층(CT) 사진 소견의 비교

선동일,윤선호,신민호,서병도,양일권 釜算慶南耳鼻咽喉科學會 1993 임상이비인후과 Vol.4 No.1

저소득 한부모 가족의 양육부담과 사회적 지지

엄미선,전동일 가톨릭대학교 사회복지연구소 2006 사회복지리뷰 Vol.11 No.-

본 연구는 한부모가족의 양육부담의 실태와 이러한 양육부담에 영향을 미치는 사회적 지지를 연구하고자, 한부모가족가 경험하는 양육부담의 수준, 사회적 지지의 수준, 그리고, 양육부담과 사회적 지지와의 관계를 살펴보았다. 본 조사대상인 저소득 한부모 가족의 경제적 특성은 월 소득 수준은 75.5(서울시 저소득층 120.9)만원, 월지출은 71.9(서울시 저소득층 104.6)만원, 부채는 가구당 평균 1,132.4(서울시 저소득층 720.6)만원으로 서울시 저소득층에 비해 경제적으로 매우 열악한 것으로 나타났다. 한부모 가족이 처해 있는 문제 영역은 경제적인 문제(생계비 등), 자녀교육의 문제, 주거 및 주택문제, 건강문제 순이었으며, 양육부담의 정도는 경제, 신체, 정서, 사회적 부담 순으로 나타났으며, 자녀 양육비용, 자녀의 학습지도, 자녀와 함께 할 수 있는 시간 부족 순으로 높았다. 또한, 사회적 지지의 수준을 하위 영역별로 살펴보면, 정서적 지지가 가장 높은 수준이었으며, 긍정적 평가를 제공하는 평가적 지지, 기회를 알려주는 정보적 지지, 물적자원을 제공하는 도구적 지지 순이었며, 사회적 지지와 양육부담과 관련성은 확인되었다. 발견점 중의 하나는 다른 집단과는 달리 저소득 한부모 가족에게 있어서는 사회적 지지 중 도구적 지지만이 신체·정서·경제적 양육부담을 경감시키는 반면, 사회적 양육부담에는 어떠한 하위영역의 사회적 지지도 효과적이지 않았다. 그러나, 한부모가족에게는 양육부담을 경감시켜줄 수 있는 도구적 지지가 다른 형태의 지지, 즉, 정서, 정보, 평가적 지지에 비해 상대적으로 가장 낮게 제공되고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 한부모 대상 프로그램을 설계할 때, 제공해야할 프로그램이 도구적 지지 제공을 고려하면, 양육경감 효과를 가져올 수 있다는 것을 시사한다. This study has been conducted to find out the several research questions. First, what is the caregiving burdens about the low-income families of single parents? Second, what is the social support about the low-income families of single parents? Third, what are the positive elements from the social support that can alleviate the caregiving burdens? The results of the research are shown below. It appeared that the burden levels of the lower class families of single parents were, in order of, economical, physical, emotional and at last the social Also when we examine the social support by dividing it into four categories, it appears that emotional support, evaluation support, information support and utility support came up in an order from highest to the lowest. The utility support is the financial aid by giving money and materials, while the evaluation support is the aid by encouraging and praising to make needy people to think themselves as valued ones. Information support is the aid by introducing them the new programs and service benevolences and in addition, the emotional support is the aid by having a conversation with needy, which might be helpful to fill up their desires. And it was shown that the information support has contributed to the downsizing of burden by itself. The result of this research shows that social service agency should be designed and supplied the social support program as well as the information of care and education. One of the major findings of this research was that the low-income families of singles parents are the group of people whose aspirations have been ignored. Therefore it appeared that they are the ones who need the support from the society desperately.

柑橘의 産地流通體系에 관한 硏究

姜景璿,姜東一 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1994 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.11 No.-

The overall onjective of this paper is to present the direction to improve the citrus marketing system in Cheju island. For this objective, the following sub-objective are analyzed in this paper: 1) actual conditions of the citrus marketing structure. 2) farmers' opnions, and 3) the marketing policies of Cheju provincial government and agricultural cooperatives. The citrus surplus problem has emerged seriously since 1989 in Cheju island. In additon to the citrus surplus, import liberalization of citrus will affect to the citrus industry. That is, the domestic and overseas circumstances surrounding the citrus industry has been changed rapidlly. In order to overcome these changes, the local government, agricultural cooperatives and farmers have to reorganize not only the production structure but also the marketing system of citrus growing district. Especially, it is necessary to change the citrus marketing system accomplished by agricultural cooperatives and assemblers which are private merchandisers as the citrus marketing system controlled only by agricultural cooperatives.