청각장애 성인의 말명료도 평가방법의 비교

도연지,김수진 한국음성과학회 2004 음성과학 Vol.11 No.4

This study aims to discuss the test methodologies that evaluate the speech intelligibility of hearing-impaired adults using various contexts. Seven adults with severe hearing loss participated in the experiment. The context of the speech intelligibility consists of 77 pairs of one-syllable words with phonemic contrasts, 30 two-syllable words and the list of each 12 and 10 sentences. The speech intelligibility of various contexts had significant correlation, and both one-syllable words with phonemic contrasts and the sentence 1 had higher correlation than other tests. The one-syllable words with phonemic contrasts took longer to test than others, and it demanded more effort to select the pair of words. However, from the point of view of the identification of segmental difficulties, the one-syllable words with phonemic contrasts that reflected segmental factors contributing to the intelligibility was useful.

노래부르기 과업이 브로카 실어증자의 읽기와 조음 능력에 미치는 영향

윤혜연,권도하 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2012 再活科學硏究 Vol.30 No.1

이 연구는 가사보며 노래부르기 과업으로 브로카 실어증자의 읽기와 조음능력을 향상 시키고자 하였다. 3명의 브로카 실어증 대상자로 하였으며 연구 방법은 사전-사후 검사를 사용하였다. 이 연구에서 사용된 노래부르기 과업은 3단계로 구성되어있다. 노래는 대상자에게 있어 익숙한 노래 5곡을 선정하였다. 1단계는 제공된 MP3파일로 노래를 들으며 따라부르기를 한다. 2단계는 문자단서로 제공된 노래가사를 한 음절씩 짚으며 따라 부르기를 하고, 3단계에서는 음을 점진적으로 제거하며 가사 읽기를 시도한다. 이에 치료실외에서도 하루에 3회씩 연습할 수 있도록 지도하였다. 그 결과 노래부르기 과업은 읽기, 조음능력 뿐만 아니라 따라말하기, 이름대기 등 전반적인 언어능력에 있어 향상을 보였다. The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of singing while reading the lyrics had on the reading and articulation skills of people with Broca’s aphasia. The study consisted of three subjects with Broca’s aphasia and the results were analysed by pre-to-post analysis. Thirdly, through the implementation of the task of singing, linguistic abilities, such as reading, intonation, word-repeating and naming skills were all improved. The five songs that were chosen were songs that the participants were familiar with. The first stag involved participants singing along to the songs that were given to them as an MP3 file. The second stage involved participants looking at the hard copy of the lyrics and then breaking up each syllable while singing out loud and the third stage involved gradually omitting the tone from the songs and getting participants to only read the lyrics out loud. Participants were advised to repeat these three steps three times a day outside of the treatment room. The results of this study are as follows: Firstly, there was an improvement in the reading skills following singing tasks. Secondly, through implementing the task of singing there was an articulation in the clarity of intonation. Thirdly, through the implementation of the task of singing, improvements in reading, the ability to intonate, repeating words and naming skills were evident; as well as an overall improvement to the linguistic ability of the people.

MDVP와 Praat, Dr. Speech간의 음향학적 측정치에 관한 상관연구

유재연,정옥란,장태염,고도홍 한국음성과학회 2003 음성과학 Vol.10 No.3

The purpose of this study was to conduct a correlational analysis among Fo, Jitter, Shimmer, and NHR(HNR), and NNE estimated by three speech analysis softwares, MDVP, Praat and Dr, Speech. Thirty females and 15 males with normal voice participated in the study. We used Sound Forge 6.0 to record their voice. MDVP, Praat and Dr. Speech were used to measure the acoustic parameters. The Pearson correlation coefficient was determined through a statistical analysis. The results came out as follows: Firstly, there was a strong correlation between Fo and Shimmer of both instruments. However, there was no correlation between Jitter of both instruments. Secondly, Shimmer showed a stronger correlation with HNR, NHR, and NNE than Jitter. Therefore, Shimmer was considered to be more useful and sensitive parameter to identify dysphonic voice compared to Jitter.

工場自動化에서 産業用 로보트의 導入戰略과 技術方向

車政演,崔度元 군산대학교 지역개발연구소 1993 地域開發硏究 Vol.5 No.-

溫經湯에 關한 文獻的 考察

김연도,김철원,유심근,박병렬 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Through the study of successive literatures form the Han-dynasty(漢代) when 《Keumjweyeuliak(금궤요략)》 was written to modern age, we inspected many types of Onkyungtang(溫經湯) and prescriptions including the term of ' Onkyung(溫經)' or Chokyung(調經)', and look into their composition and symptoms respond to administration of this medicine. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The medicine which makes up Onkyungtang was 38 kinds from the Han-dynasty to the Chung-dynasty(淸代), and up to the present it summed into 43 kinds. 2. Onkyungtang which was composed of different kinds of medicine was 10 types from the Han-dynasty to the Chung-dynasty and added 11 types in modern days. Therefore it sumed up into 21 types. 3. No Onkyungtang is seen more common than that of the same composition as in 《Keumjweyeuliak》 in successive literature. The next is the same constituents as in 《Buinyangbangdaejeon(婦人良方大全)》. Others were rare. 4. Onkyungtang in《Keumjweyeuliak》was used to treat cold syndrome of the penetration and conception vessles or uterus of deficiency type and that in 《Buinyangbangdaejeun》was for cold syndrome of the penetration and conception vessels or uterus of excess type. 5. Other names of Onkyungtang in《Keumjweyeuliak》were Daeonkyungtang(大溫經湯), Chokyungsan(調經散), Chokyungtang(調經湯), Chunkeumchokyungtang(千金調經湯), Chunkeumchokyungsan(千金調經散) and Soonkyungtang(小溫經湯). And the prescription in the same constitution was also called Chungkyungonkyungtang(仲景溫經湯), Keumkweonkyungtang(금궤온경탕) and Sibbionkunghwan(十二溫經丸). 6. Onkyungtang in 《Buinyangbangdaejeon》was called Soonkyungtang(小溫經湯) and the very prescription was also called in the name of Yangbangonkyungtang(良方溫經湯), Jinmionkyungtang(指迷溫經湯), Kungkwiinkyungtang and Jinssionkyungtang(陳氏溫經湯).

대학생 피하지방분포와 최대산소섭취량간의 관계

김도연 국민대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2001 스포츠科學硏究所論叢 Vol.20 No.-

본 연구는 남녀 대학생을 대상으로 피하지방분포와 최대산소섭취량간의 상관을 밝히는데 그 목적이 있으며, 연구 대상은 체육대학 1학년 남녀학생 각각 15명, 총 30명이다. 측정항목은 체격에서 신장, 체중 2개 항목이며, 피하지방은 상완이두피지후, 상완삼두피지후, 견갑골하부피지후, 복부피지후, 전장골능상부피지후, 견갑골하부피지후+전장골능상부피지후+복부피지후등 6개 항목이며, 체지방량 1항목과 지수(index)와 비(比 : ratio)는 원추지수(conicity index : CI), 체질량지수(body mass index, BMI), 복위/둔위비(waist-hip ratio)등 3개항목으로 총 12항목이다. 측정방법은 신장는 신장계, 체중은 체중계로 측정으며, 피하지방은 Lange skinfold caliper(Model, DT-8)를 이용하여 계측하였다. 체지방량은 Nagamine 와 Suzuki의 공식에 의해 체밀도를 구하여 Brozek 등의 공식을 이용하여 구하였다 또한 원추지수, 체질량지수, 복위와 둔위비는 공식에 의해 각각 산출하였다. 최대산소섭취량 측정은 가스자동분석기(QMC 430, 1995, USA)와 Treadmill(Quenton 4300)을 이용하여 Bruce Protocol을 사용하여 all out 상태까지의 산소섭취량 중에서 최고값을 최대 산소섭취량으로 하였다. 자료처리 측정항목에 대하여 상관과 차이를 알아보기 위해서 Pearson의 적률상관계수와 독립 t-test를 p<.05 수준에서 실시하였다. 구체적인 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대학생의 피하지방 분포는 남녀간 차이가 있으며, 여학생이 남학생 보다 높았다. 2. 대학생의 둘레비는 남녀간 유의한 차이가 있으며, 남학생이 여학생 보다 높았다. 3. 대학생의 피하지방 몇 지수와 최대산소섭취량간에는 최대산소섭취량과 남학생의 경우 상완이두피지후와 원추지수, 여학생의 경우 체질량지수와 상관이 높았다. 따라서 피하지방분포와 지수 및 둘레비와 최대산소섭취량간의 상관에서 최대산소섭취량과 가장 상관이 높은 피하지방과 지수항목은 남학생의 경우 상완이두피지후와 원추지수이고, 여학생은 체질량지수로 라는 결론을 얻었다. The purpose of this study is to investigate what level of correlation exists between skinfold distribution and Vo_2 max of university students. Thirty students including 15 male and 15 female from the physical education college participated in this study. the measuring items are as follow: physique has two items such as height and weight, skinfold has six items such as biceps, triceps, subscapular, abdominal, supraspinale and sum of subscapular, abdominal and supraspinale, fat have fat of body, Index and ratio has three items such as BMI, IC and WHR, physical fitness have Vo_2 max, It used heightmeter for height, weight gauge for weight and skinfold for Lange skinfold caliper. It used QMC and treadmill for measurement of Vo_2 max. In order to find relationship from test variables, t-test(p<.05), Pearson' product-moment correlation coefficient were applied. The conclusion of this study is as follow: 1. There is significantly difference skinfold distribution according to sex, Female has higher than male. 2. There is significantly difference girth ratio according to sex. Male has higher than Female. 3. There is significantly difference Vo_2 max according to sex, Female has higher than male. 4. There is relationship between skinfold, ratio and Vo_2 max, in the case of male, Vo_2 max is related to both biceps and CI, female, BMI. In conclusion, at the university, there is significantly difference skinfold distribution ratio and Vo_2 max according to sex. Vo_2 max is related to biceps and CI for male, BMI for female.

가톨릭대학교 연습림의 식생구조

조도순,이지연 가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 1998 자연과학논문집 Vol.19 No.-

경기도 양주군 주내면 어둔리에 위치하고 있는 가톨릭대학교 연습림(동경 127°00′, 북위 37°46′)에서 식생의 장기간의 변화를 추적하기 위하여 25개의 10m×20m 영구방형구를 설치하고 자연림과 조림지의 식생 구조를 비교하였다. 조사된 방형구에서 출현한 교목은 모두 33종으로서 이들 중 조림에 많이 사용되어온 외래수종의 비율은 18%로서 매우 높았다. 그리고 1950년대와 1960년대의 대규모 식생 파괴로 인하여 소나무, 산벚나무, 상수리나무, 떡갈나무, 굴참나무, 팥배나무 등의 양수가 많이 출현하였다. 한편 전나무, 서나무 등을 제외하고는 천이후기에 우점하는 음수들을 거의 찾아보기 어려웠다. 이곳의 식생을 자연림, 일본잎갈나무조림지, 리기다소나무조림지, 아까시나무조림지, 잣나무조림지의 5개 군락으로 나누었을 때 이들 중 잣나무조림지와 일본잎갈나무조림지는 최우점종의 중요치가 평균 84% 이상으로 다른 수종이 거의 침입하고 있지 못한 것으로 판단된다. 반면에 리기다소나무조림지와 아까시나무조림지는 최우점종의 중요치가 70% 이하로서 수관이 조밀하지 못하여 임상에 광선이 많이 투입되어 물푸레나무 등으로의 천이가 빨리 이루어질 것으로 예상된다. 한편 자연림에서는 떡갈나무가 우점종이나 신갈나무, 소나무, 서나무, 물박달나무, 팥배나무 등의 피도가 다소 높아 천이가 빨리 진행되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. For monitoring of the long-term vegetation changes, twenty-five 10m×20m permanent quadrats were set up and the vegetation structures of natural forests and plantations were compared in the Catholic University Experimental Forest located in Eodoon-ri, Joonae-myon, Yangju-gun, Kyonggi-do (127˚ 00’ E, 37˚ 46’ N). The number of tree species occurred in the permanent quadrats was 33, and 18% of them were introduced species which have been widely used for afforestation. Shade intolerant species such as Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, Quercus dentata, Quercus variabilis and Sorbus alnifolia frequently occurred because of vegetation destruction in 1950's and 1960's, but trees of late successional shade tolerant species were rare except for a few Abies holophylla and Carpinus laxiflora. Among the 5 stands studied, Pinus koraiensis (Korean pine) plantation and Larix leptolepis (Japanese larch) plantation showed that the mean importance values of the dominant tree species were ≥ 84% indicating that other species are not successful in invading these stands. In contrast, the mean importance values of the dominant species of Pinus rigida (pitch pine) plantation and Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust) plantation were ≤ 70%, and rapid succession to Fraxinus rhynchophylla and other species due to more or less loose canopy structure is expected in these stands. In natural forests, succession to Quercus mongolica and Carpinus laxiflora from Quercus dentata is expected.

낭만적 정신의 현실적 구조 : 신채호의 <꿈하늘(夢天)>(19160)론

이도연 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2002 民族文化硏究 Vol.37 No.-

본 논문은 단재 신채호의 소설, <꿈하늘(夢天)>을 몽유록의 형식으로 보고 그 구조와 의미를 밝히고자 하였다. 먼저 고전 서사양식 중의 하나인 몽유록의 구조와 <꿈하늘>의 구조를 비교, 분석하고 그 정신적 준거를 낭만적 아이러니로 파악하였다. 낭만적 초월을 담고 있는 이 작품의 현실과의 친연성은 알레고리적 구조를 통해 설명될 수 있다. 여기에는 신채호가 직업적인 文人이라기보다는 전통적인 文士에 가까웠으며, 그의 문학관이 유교적 문학관인 '載道之器'의 효용론에 가까웠다는 것과도 관련이 있다고 보았다. 끝으로 신채호에게 민족주의는 변하지 않는 恒數임을 확인하고자 하였다. This article aims at clarifying the structure and meaning of 'Kkumhanuel'(<꿈하늘(夢天)>), Shin Chae-Ho's novel. Firstly, Comparing 'Mongyulok' -Korean classic narrative - with 'Kkumhanuel', grasped the spritual Authority 'Romantic irony'. This work tries to rise above the world romantically, but it has a resemblance to the reality. The likeness is explained with allegoric structure. It is concerned with the fact that Danjae was near to traditional literary man rather than professional writer and his outlook on the literature was near to 'Jaedojigi'(載道之器), confucian literary view. Finally, this article confirms that nationalism was an unchangeable constant to Danjae.

화력발전소 주변지역의 비산탄진 농도분포에 관한 연구

김신도,도연지 서울市立大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

The concentration profiles of particulate matters in the neighborhood of coal fired power plant was studied. For this purpose, wind tunnel test was conducted and the distribution of coal dust at the 12 selected points inside of 7.65m long, 1.8m wide wind tunnel was measured. Field survey was also carried out for the comparison. The 20 samplers was installed for the collection of particles emitted from the power plant and one additional sampler was mounted at the site far from the plant enough the effect of coal dust to be negligible. Based on the collected data, a CMB model, a sorts of recepter models, was used to study the sorce apportionment. It was shown that the correlation coefficient between and experimental research and field survey was 0.84. Comparison profile of coal dust in the field precisely simulated by wind tunnel.

열분해반응을 통한 폴리에틸렌-폴리프로필렌 혼합물의 오일회수 특성

정도성,김상채,유의연 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1998 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

The thermal degradation of polyethylene, polypropylene alone an their mixture into oil and gas products has been carried out at different reaction conditions. The effect of various parameters such as temperatures, space velocity, mixing ratio on the yield and composition of the oil recovery for these polymers at different reaction temperature. In polyethylene-polypropylene mixtures, the more polypropylene is added, the more rate of degradation of PE and conversion of PE/PP mixture increase at a lower temperature than that of PE alone. It is proposed that this enhancement is due to the free radical from polypropylene, in which can form free radical from polyethylene a lower temperature.