중국 영상산업에서 인터랙티브 비디오(Interactive Video)의 시장 현황 연구

하모 동국대학교 영상대학원 2022 국내석사

본 연구는 최근 몇 년간 중국 인터랙티브 비디오 시장 현황을 분석하며, 많은 대중과 종사자들이 인터랙티브 비디오의 발전 상황을 깊이 있게 파악할 수 있도록 중국 인터랙티브 비디오의 발전 현황을 잘 정리하려는 목적을 갖는다. 또 중국 5대 온라인 영상 스트리밍 플랫폼이 출시된 인터랙티브 비디오 플랫폼의 운영 배치, 콘텐츠 모드, 경쟁성 분석 및 영상화 작품의 비교 등을 연구해 문제점을 지적하고 중국 인터랙티브 비디오 미래의 발전에 적합한 길을 검토할 것이다. 인터랙티브 비디오의 발전 방향에 대한 가치 있는 참고문헌을 제공하여 인터랙티브 비디오 시장 번창한 발전을 촉진하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. In recent years, A new form of video has emerged in the film and television industry called "Interactive Video". Interactive video is a new type of video mode in which the audience's choice is the dominant factor in determining the direction of the plot and its ultimate ending, aims to enhance proprioceptive feedback, plot participation, discover content ways to bring the audience a more rich experience of video entertainment, with the development of interactive technology, the type of interaction and interactive mode also increasingly diverse, With its unique features of interaction immersion, multi-linearity and entertainment are als beginning to receive widespread attention from the film and television industry. Interactive video first started to develop on foreign streaming platforms. Until the end of 2018, the interactive drama "Black Mirror: Bander Snatch" produced by Netflix set off a craze in interactive video. Subsequently, China's film and television industry began to attach importance to the development of this new video form. Since 2019, China's top five streaming platforms have been testing the waters of interactive video, with a number of interactive video programs such as "The Invisible Guardian" and "The Lost Caverns: The Last King of Banshan Taoist" appeared successively coming to the view of Chinese audiences. Since then, five major video streaming platforms have officially issued "China Interactive Video Guidelines" and established "Interactive Video Platform", accelerating the development process of China's interactive video industry from the initial "exploration stage" to the present "rising stage". However, as a new form of video, interactive video not only develops later than foreign countries but also many film and television industry practitioners do not know enough about the current development situation of Interactive video in China, leading to the film and television industry is unclear about the future development direction of Chinese interactive video, and fails to create high-quality and popular interactive film and television works. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyze the current development status of Interactive video in China from the following aspects: market demand for interactive video in China, the industrial landscape of interactive video in five video streaming platforms, comparative case analysis of interactive video programs, and the development of the industry chain formed by interactive video that is different from traditional film and television. By analyzing the industrial landscape of Interactive video in China, the problems existing in interactive video in China are revealed and some improvement measures are put forward. Finally, the future development prospects of interactive video are explored. Driven by streaming media platforms, the development of China's interactive video industry is embracing a new opportunity, and relevant practitioners and the film and television industry should seize the opportunity to see the current situation of development, and take some measures to promote a better development of China's interactive video industry. In conclusion, interactive video is an emerging video form that is very worthy of exploration and development. If the right development direction is found, then interactive video will have a very good development prospect in the film and television industry in the future. Therefore, I hope that the views and summary of this paper will serve as reference for the development of interactive video.

조기영어교육의 실태와 필요성에 관한 연구

하모니 원광대학교 2008 국내석사

이 연구의 목적은 현재 정규 영어수업을 받고 있는 초등학교 3학년 학생들에게 조기 영어교육의 경험이 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고 초등학교 3학년 이전에 이루어지고 있는 조기영어교육의 실태를 교사, 학생, 학부모로 대상으로 조사 분석하는 것이다. 더불어 초등학교 영어교육에서 그 필요성과 바람직한 방향을 제시해 보고자 한다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위하여 다음과 같은 문제점을 제기한다. 첫째, 현재 초등학교 3학년의 학생들의 조기 영어교육의 실태는 어떠한가? 둘째, 교사, 학생, 학부모들은 조기영어교육에 대해 어떻게 생각하는가? 셋째, 조기영어교육의 경험이 정규 영어교육을 받고 있는 초등학교 3학년 학생들 어떠한 영향을 주는가? 요즈음, 많은 3학년 학생들이 워크북, 학습지, 과외 그리고 사설학원을 통해 조기영어교육을 받고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 그런 교육을 전혀 받지 못하는 학생들도 있다. 이 연구 문제를 분석하기 위해 전라북도 익산시에 위치한 5개 초등학교에서 초등학교 3학년 이상의 교사 및 영어전담교사(100명), 초등학교 3학년 학생(200명), 초등학교 3학년 자녀를 둔 학부모(160명)를 대상으로 선정하여 조사하였다. 설문지는 초등학교 영어교육을 받기 전에 조기영어교육에 관한 질문들로 이루어져 있다. 이 연구를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 알 수 있었다. 첫째, 정규 영어교육이 시작되는 초등학교 3학년 이전에 이루어지는 조기 영어교육은 한국에서 보편화된 교육 현실이다. 그러므로 정부 차원에서 초등학교 영어교육과 연계성을 고려한 조기영어교육의 바람직한 교육방향이 제시할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 조기 영어교육이 정규 초등학교 영어교육에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 그러므로 초등학교 이전에 받은 조기 영어교육이 초등학교 영어교육과 연계되어 더 큰 효과를 거둘 수 있도록 하는 연계성에 대한 연구가 필요하며 그에 대한 개선방안도 시급하게 마련되어야 한다. 셋째, 초등학교 정규 영어교육에 대한 필요성을 교사, 학부모, 학생들 모두가 인지하고 있다. 따라서 그 필요성을 인정하고 장기적인 계획을 가지고 조기영어교육을 받은 학생들과 받지 않은 학생들 모두가 효과적으로 영어를 배울 수 있도록 효율적인 학습지도 방법을 강구하여야 한다. 넷째, 조기 영어교육의 흥미도가 초등학교 정규 영어교육의 흥미도와 밀접한 연관성이 있다. 그러므로 조기영어교육을 하지 않는 학생들에 대한 대책 마련을 필요로 하며, 이들 모두가 초등 영어 학습에 흥미를 갖고 학습하여 영어 학습 목표를 달성할 수 있도록 도움을 주어야 한다. 조기영어교육이 초등학교 정규 영어교육과 연결되기 위해서는 조직적인 원조가 필수적이다. 조기 영어교육이 한국에서는 보편적인 것이므로 그리고 조기영어교육과 초등학교 정규교육이 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있기 때문에 어린이들의 연령에 관계없이 도움이 될 수 있는 다양한 교수방법과 교구들이 마련되어야 한다.

안식일에 대한 이해와 주일성수

하모래 광신대학교 2012 국내석사

초등영어 수준별 장르 쓰기 지도 모형의 개발 및 적용

하모니 서울교육대학교 교육전문대학원 2017 국내석사

The Korean English Elementary curriculum puts its emphasis on verbal communication development. Despite this emphasis, EFL(English as a foreign language) students more frequently practice reading and writing skills, causing an imbalance and contradiction to the original goal. Speaking solely in terms of writing, the ultimate goal of the Elementary English Writing curriculum is for students to express their ideas in appropriate ways. Most EFL learners feel pressure when writing in English, proving that an appropriate, well tested writing model is strongly needed. Research shows many positive effects of the Genre-based Writing Model. Compared to middle school and high school, there is relatively little research on the effects of Genre-based writing in Elementary school. The purpose of this research is to define the effects of Genre-based writing on Elementary students. This study was designed to examine the effects of the genre-based writing model on students with varying levels of English proficiency, so differentiated models were necessary. With great success, results were shown and recorded across the differentiated models as they pertained(related) to student proficiency levels. These results include student writing skills and their affective development. Furthermore, this research provides guidelines on how to integrate th genre-based writing model properly into the elementary English field. In order to conduct this study, 15 lessons based on the level differentiated genre-based writing model were taught to 99 6th grade students attending P elementary school in Seoul, South Korea. Most of the teaching materials and contents were based on pre-existing genre-based writing model theories and the standard Korean English curriculum. Data was collected through post tests, surveys, teacher’s observatory notes, and interviews with students and teachers. This study was done with quantitative and qualitative methods. The results from this study is broken down into 4 main points: First, the scoring average increased in both the writing skills, and free writing ability test. With the exception of the advanced learners’ writing skill test, scores indicated that students’ writing skills and free writing abilities had developed. Second, overall knowledge of each genre increased. The results of each level’s analysis showed increased understanding of concrete writing concepts, leading to better outcomes in student writing. Learners were able to choose the most suitable writing format for themselves, and integrate their ideas with the chosen format. Third, the overall average score from the learner’s affective domain which includes interests, confidence and participation. The advanced leaners group showed non-meaningful results in the confidence domain while the other two groups showed much development. This study suggests a minimized psychological burden methodology in teaching and learning English writing. Fourth, the researcher found the following implications from the learners’ documented self-reflection sheets over the course of the experiment 1) In order to make writing lessons more meaningful for each learner, teachers should teach students how to use dictionaries effectively. Every writing class is dependent on student accessibility to English vocabulary. This is essential as it also compliments the feedback that teachers give students on their writing assignment. 2) To maximize the effectiveness of genre-based writing, activities should be differentiated perfectly. In order to do this, teachers needs to observe the entire genre-based writing process to make appropriate conclusions on how to make the process more effective for each student. This requires reviewing all activities in great detail. For low level students, activities must be subdivided to be more effective. In addition, instructional scaffolding is a must for middle and advanced level students to keep thinking above and beyond activities that would otherwise be seen as simple. 3) Differentiated grouping of students is necessary because learning strategies differ from group to group. Cooperation of students in same level groups and level-mixed group works across genres. 4) At the end, the genre-based writing model should be catered to teaching free writing skills. The RAFT technique (Role, Audience, Format, Topic) can provide the proper tools to help each learner become an independent writer. Moreover, with RAFT techniques, students can be more creative with their writing since they can set their own role, expected audience, proper format, and creative topic. 5) For effective flow, Korean and native teachers must establish specific roles. Both teachers should make a teaching plan based on the genre-based writing model and the standard curriculum. During the class, each teacher should give plenty of constructive feedback to learners. The native teacher can give them variety of feedback connected with target language and key vocabulary usage. In summary, through the level differentiated genre-based writing model, elementary school learners, same as middle and high school learners, can develop their writing skills and free writing abilities. However, to make it more objective, this study needs to be conducted long term. There is another possibility in how RAFT can be adopted in systematic way. Using different graphic organizers to give students clear information of each writing genre can be another way. This study should be continued to yield even more results. Key words: Elementary English writing, genre-based writing model, level differentiated writing activity * A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education

Applicability of virtual monoenergetic images at 40 keV using a dual-layer detector spectral CT to detect pulmonary thromboembolism in suboptimal and optimal enhanced pulmonary arteries

하모인 Graduate School, Korea University 2019 국내석사

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the applicability of virtual monoenergetic images (VME) at 40 keV to detect pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) using dual-layer detector spectral CT. Materials and methods: Of 14,402 CT scans performed with dual-layer detector spectral CT, 196 PTE were identified on 143 CT scans in this retrospective study. Among these, 83 PTE were detected in suboptimally enhanced pulmonary arteries (PA), 49 PTE in poorly enhanced PA, and 113 PTE in optimally enhanced PA. All CT images were reconstructed with conventional polychromatic images at 120 kVp (COV), VME at 40 keV (VME40), 50 keV (VME50), 60 keV, and 70 keV. We investigated all diameters of maximal PTE, frequency of significant PTE diameter reduction, and cut-off values of the minimum visible PTE diameter. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), image noise, and subjective scores for PTE detection in algorithms were also assessed. Results: PTE diameter significantly decreased in VME40 in the whole study group, suboptimal group, poor group, and optimal group. The frequency of significant PTE diameter reduction was significantly greater in VME40 than in VME50 in the whole study group, suboptimal group, poor group, and optimal group (all P<0.001). The cut-off value for minimum visible PTE diameter in VME40 was 4.8 mm in COV. CNR, SNR, and noise values were highest in VME40 in all groups (P<0.05), whereas subjective scores were worst in VME40. Conclusions: VME40 was not the best option for PTE detection in either suboptimal or optimal PA enhancements. Therefore, VMEs of other energy levels should be reviewed together. 국문초록 목적: 이중검출 컴퓨터 단층 촬영 (dual-layer detector spectral CT)를 이용하여 폐혈전 (pulmonary thromboembolism, PTE)을 발견하는데 40 keV에서의 가상의 단일 에너지 이미지 (vritual monoenergetic images, VME)의 적용 가능성에 대해 연구하고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 총 14,402개의 CT가 이중검출 CT를 이용하여 실행되었고 그 중 143개의 CT에서 196개의 PTE가 후향적으로 발견되었다. 이 중에서 83개의 PTE가 폐동맥이 적절하게 조영이 되지 않은 그룹 (suboptimal group)에서 발견되었고, 49개의 PTE가 좋지 않게 조영된 그룹 (poor group)에서 발견되었으며, 113개의 PTE가 적절하게 조영된 그룹 (optimal group)에서 발견되었다. 모든 CT는 120 kvP에서의 다중에너지 이미지 (conventional polychromatic images at 120 kVp, COV)와 40 kev부터 70 kev까지 각각의 단일에너지 이미지 (VME40, VME50, VME60, VME 70)에서 영상이 획득었다. 우리는 모든 PTE의 최대 길이, 의미있게 줄어든 PTE의 빈도, 최소한으로 보이는 PTE 길이의 기준값을 구했다. 또한 대조대잡음비 (Contrast-to-noise ratio, CNR), 신호대잡음비 (Signal-to-noise ratio, SNR), 이미지 잡음 (image noise), 그리고 각 알고리즘에서 PTE 발견의 주관적인 점수 또한 측정하였다. 결과: PTE의 지름은 각각의 그룹에서 모두 VME40에서 의미있게 감소하였다. PTE의 지름이 의미있게 줄어드는 빈도는 VME40이 VME50보다 모든 그룹에서 높았다 (all P<0.001). VME40에서도 PTE가 보이는 COV에서의 최소한의 지름은 4.8 mm 이었다. CNR, SNR, 그리고 image noise는 모든 그룹에서 VME40에서 제일 높았다 (P<0.05). 반면, 주관적 점수는 VME40에서 제일 낮았다. 결론: VME40은 적절하게 조영된 CT와 조영되지 않은 CT 모두에서 PTE 발견에 최적의 이미지가 아니었다. 그러므로, PTE를 놓치지 않고 진단하게 위해서는 다른 여러 VME 레벨을 같이 보아야겠다.