다중 스레드 환경에서 이벤트 구동형 기법을 활용한 실시간 처리에 관한 연구

송병화 호남대학교 1999 국내석사

생태면적률 산정지표 개선에 관한 연구 : 입체적 녹화개념의 적용을 중심으로

송병화 경희대학교 대학원 2016 국내박사

A Study on the Improvement of Biotop Area Ratio Indicators - Focused on the Application of Three-dimensional Greening Concept- Song Byeong Hwa Dept. of Landscape Architecture Graduate School Kyung Hee University As the city is emerging environmental problems of a quantitative indicator that can indicate the ecological functions and values of the ecological development space area rate was introduced in 2004. Since biotope area ratio is ecological and serves as an environmental indicator plan for controlling the level of the external environment for a variety of large-scale space planning development projects in the environment. Ecological point of view. However, it introduced an biotope area ratio as a way to improve the increase in impervious area, depending on the progress of urbanization and flood damage such as occurs frequently, such as urban environmental problems caused by frequent urban flooding. Create guidelines intended as a contrast to the situation where the need for improvement pointed out that limitations in terms of performance, quality and type of biotope surface areas not constantly emerging. This study improved the type and weight to recognize the need for improvement to the limitations of these biotope area ratio indicators to a level that can ensure the quality performance, and insoluble in the expansion and ecological aspects of the city green insufficient through the biotope area ratio indicators the three-dimensional greening concept to introduce ecological concept planted area type of rate as a way to achieve a qualitative strengthening. Proceedings of the study for achieving the object of the study was in the order of the theoretical consideration, study information and Methods, Results and Discussion. Theoretical analysis has dealt with the various problems of applied via a grasp of the operational status and trends of existing biotope area ratio It was to serve as benchmarks for the introduction of planting type biotope area ratio and the improvement of the type and weight over the domestic biotope area ratio in Berlin, Germany, Sweden Malmo, calculated indicators of the rate of introduction of case studies of Seattle. Results and discussion were identified, through the 111 cases study, including the introduction of biotope area ratio analysis of domestic distribution characteristics of biotope surface type, greening type distribution characteristics and planting trees nature, Through the designation of a site survey analyzes the type of the field by directly investigating cases of this type, whether biotope surface area construction quality performance and design were also identified, such as the construction and fit the criteria that the construction is done. This underwent a process of analysis and synthesis problems. These areas were then subjected to domestic biotope area ratio analysis of the improvement in the rate of introduction of an biotope area ratio indicator experts conducted a survey and focus group interviews, reflecting strong improvement in the indicators calculated the opinions results. Study was conducted as a method for introducing into the room and the type of planting biotope area ratio to improve the existing biotope area ratio to the new. Existing biotope surface area if the type and the type raised by the problem in accordance with the comprehensive analysis and expert opinions the result of weighted words, was for such green roof type, water space, wall type of planting undergone a process of improvement to refine the type, weight also quality some adjustments were established by the iprovements in the direction of strengthening the existing standards for weight gain in performance in real dimensions. Planting type biotope area ratio was calculated for equivalent surface area of the object per the size of the tree by alternative methods applying the three-dimensional planting concepts to overcome the flat type, the limitation of the existing biotope area ratio applied incentive concept to existing biotope area ratio, this was to ensure ecological integrity of the quality of greenery and cities. Tree specification standards are applied in a standard construction products can count tree height (H) a common basis and depending on diameter at breast height (B), source diameter(R), tree crown width (W) and can take advantage of the area-weighted criteria apply. Type classification criteria are divided into the two alternatives are presented. Type classification criteria 2 were presented divided into two alternatives, configure strengthen biotope area ratio of the lower portion to the surface of the improved estimate existing biotope area ratio indicators in planting type biotope area ratio this supplement was carried alternatives by simulating , it compares and analyzes the increase or decrease in planted area ratio of distribution characteristics and planting types biotope area ratio through the review were applied effects. This study is the planting type biotope area ratio introduced current alternative began a study to overcome these with threshold biotope area ratio that is being used as a pre-environment plan surface, three-dimensional planting and improvement in the calculated surface through the adjustment of the type and weight concepts It was to improve the urban environment through the improvement, especially the recording environment. Research is one way to reflect improvements in extraction methods also through a variety of opinions multi-frequency analysis ensure the objectivity of the research through focus group interviews in qualitative research methods it can be said of the significance of this study. Also intended to be suggested in this study First, the composition guideline that is, it is necessary to establish a detailed construction criteria, the second, pre-authenticating the current authentication standard according to the introduction of improvements of estimates indicators and planting type biotope area ratio, and ways to divide the authentication carried out, was proposed that the third, the planting density to be provided to prevent overcrowding based food material according to the introduction of planting type biotope area ratio. Key words Biotope Area Ratio, Biotope surface area type, Three-dimensional Greening Concept, Forcus Group Interview, Planting Type Biotope Area Ratio 생태면적률 산정지표 개선에 관한 연구 - 입체적 녹화개념의 적용을 중심으로- 도시환경문제가 대두됨에 따라 개발공간의 생태적 기능과 가치를 정량적으로 나타낼 수 있는 지표인 생태면적률은 2004년 도입된 이후 환경․생태적 관점에서 각종 대규모 개발사업에 대한 외부공간계획의 환경수준을 제어하기 위한 환경계획지표로서 역할을 하고 있다. 그러나 도시화에 진행됨에 따라 불투수면적의 증가와 빈번한 도시홍수로 인한 침수피해 등이 자주 발생하는 등 도시환경문제를 개선하기 위한 방안으로 생태면적률을 도입하였으나, 조성지침 의도와는 달리 생태면적지 유형의 품질성능 측면에서 한계점이 지적되는 등 개선에 대한 필요성이 꾸준히 대두되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 생태면적률 산정지표의 한계점에 대한 개선의 필요성을 인식하여 유형 및 가중치를 품질성능을 확보할 수 있는 수준으로 개선하고 생태면적률을 통한 부족한 도시녹지의 확충 및 생태적 측면에서의 녹지의 질적강화를 달성하기 위한 방안으로 입체적 녹화개념의 식재유형 생태면적률 도입하고자 한다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위한 연구의 진행절차는 이론적 고찰, 연구내용 및 방법, 결과 및 고찰의 순으로 하였다. 이론적 고찰은 기존 생태면적률 제도의 운영상황과 관련 연구동향의 파악을 통해 적용상의 다양한 문제점을 다루었고, 국내 생태면적률 도입의 선행사례인 독일 베를린, 스웨덴 말뫼, 미국 시애틀의 산정지표 사례분석을 통해 유형 및 가중치의 개선과 식재유형 생태면적률을 도입하기 위한 벤치마킹 자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 결과 및 고찰은 국내의 생태면적률 도입 실태분석을 통해 111개 사례대상지의 생태면적지 유형별 분포특성과 녹지유형의 분포특성, 식재수목 특성 등을 파악하였으며, 대상지 현장조사 분석을 통해 생태면적지 유형이 시공된 사례를 직접 현장 조사함으로써 유형의 품질성능, 설계의도 및 시공기준에 적합하게 시공이 이루어졌는지 등을 파악하였다. 이를 통해 문제점을 분석하고 종합하는 과정을 거쳤다. 이러한 국내 생태면적률 도입의 실태분석을 실시한 후 생태면적률 산정지표의 개선방안 검토에서는 포커스 그룹 인터뷰와 전문가 설문조사를 실시하여 의견수렴 결과를 산정지표 개선방안에 적극 반영하였다. 연구는 기존 생태면적률을 개선하는 방안과 식재유형 생태면적률을 신규로 도입하는 방안으로 나누어 실시하였다. 기존 생태면적지 유형과 가중치의 종합분석 및 전문가 의견수렴 결과에 따라 문제점으로 제기된 유형 즉, 옥상녹화 유형, 수공간, 벽면녹화 유형 등에 대해서는 유형을 세분화하여 개선하는 과정을 거쳤으며, 가중치도 품질성능 확보 차원에서 기존 가중치를 현실에 맞게 일부 조정하여 기준을 강화하는 방향으로 개선방안을 수립하였다. 식재유형 생태면적률은 평면적 유형인 기존 생태면적률의 한계점을 극복하기 위한 입체적 녹화개념을 적용한 대안적 방안으로 수목의 개체당 크기에 따른 환산면적을 산출하여 기존 생태면적률에 인센티브 개념으로 적용하였으며, 이를 통해 녹지의 질과 도시의 생태적 건전성을 확보하고자 하였다. 수목규격기준은 건설공사표준품셈에서 적용하는 수고(H)를 공통기준으로 하고 수목의 성상 및 수목의 형태에 따라 흉고직경(B), 근원직경(R), 수관폭(W) 기준을 활용하여 적용면적과 가중치 기준을 대안별로 차별화하여 적용하였다. 유형구분 기준은 2개의 대안으로 나누어 제시하였으며, 기존 생태면적률 산정지표 개선에 따른 지표의 강화로 생태면적률이 낮은 부분을 식재유형 생태면적률이 보완하는 체계로 구성하여 대안별 시뮬레이션을 실시하였으며, 이를 통해 식재유형 생태면적률의 분포특성과 식재부분비율의 증감을 비교분석하여 적용효과를 검토하였다. 본 연구는 현재 사전환경계획지표로서 사용되고 있는 생태면적률이 지닌 한계점을 극복하기 위한 대안으로 연구를 시작하였으며, 유형 및 가중치의 조정을 통한 산정지표의 개선과 입체적 녹화개념인 식재유형 생태면적률 도입을 통해 도시환경 개선 특히, 녹화환경을 개선하고자 하였다. 연구방법에 있어서는 단계별로 체계적 인 분석을 실시하였으며, 질적 연구방법인 포커스 그룹 인터뷰(Forcus Group Interview)를 통해 다양한 의견을 다빈도 추출방법을 통해 개선방안에 반영하여 연구를 객관적 타당성을 확보하고자 한 것은 본 연구의 의의라고 할 수 있다. 또한 본 연구를 통해 제언하고자 하는 것은 첫째, 조성지침 즉, 시공기준을 상세하게 수립하는 것이 필요하며, 둘째, 산정지표의 개선과 식재유형 생태면적률 도입에 따라 현재의 인증기준을 예비인증, 본인증으로 나누어 실시하는 방안이며, 셋째, 식재유형 생태면적률 도입에 따른 과밀식재를 방지하기 위한 식재밀도기준을 마련하여야 한다는 것을 제언하고자 한다. 주제어 생태면적률, 생태면적지 유형, 입체적 녹화개념, 식재유형 생태면적률, 포커스그룹 인터뷰

Visual merchandising에 대한 외식소비자태도가 브랜드태도와 구매의도에 미치는 영향 : Fishbein태도모델을 적용한 패밀리레스토랑·패스트푸드점·커피전문점 비교연구

송병화 세종대학교 2009 국내박사

Applying to the foodservice industry the visual merchandise (VMD) used in many other industries, this study develops measurement items for VMD and defines and organizes factors which customers feel important. It is also intended to give suggestions to help foodservice companies develop effective marketing strategies by measuring attitudes toward VM using the Fishbein’s model, investigating the correlation between the consumer’s attitude toward VM, and their attitude toward brands and purchasing intention, and assisting companies in establishing differentiated corporate images perceived by customers. This study consists of the development of a tool for measuring visual merchandizing and empirical study of the VMDdeveloped. For the tool development, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted in the first stage and an ethnographic interview in the second, experimental, stage as an exploratory study. In the third stage, another survey was conducted using questionnaires consisting of questions derived from the results of the previous two stages. The result of this study shows many dimensions of visual merchandizing: harmony, attractiveness, relevance, popularity, functionality, and reliability. Visual merchandizing has been much studied in the fashion industry, but very little in the foodservice. It is very meaningful to develop a measuring tool which uses visual merchandizing as an effective strategy of marketing, and can deliver differentiated corporate images to consumers rather than act only as a way of promoting sales through visual presentation. The results of the empirical study can be summarized as follows: First, the attitude towardvisual merchandizing has a significant influence on that toward a brand. Significant results were found statistically in some factors of visual merchandizing like reliability, harmony, and attractiveness. These are key factors that have great effect on shaping the attitude of foodservice consumers toward brands. Second, the attitude toward brands of family restaurants, fast food stores, and coffee shops has a statistically significant influence on the purchasing intention. The attitude of foodservice consumers toward brands plays a role in shaping purchasing intention. Third, the attitude toward visual merchandizing has an effect on the purchasing intention. Of all the factors of the attitude toward visual merchandizing, those of reliability, harmony, and attractiveness are the ones in which statistically significant results were found. In other words, when the attitude of foodservice consumers toward visual merchandizing plays a role in shaping purchasing intention, these factors have a great influence on it. This study implies the following points and makes some suggestions for marketing strategies. First, unlike previous studies, this study regards physical environment, atmosphere, and display of stores as the elements of visual merchandizing. It defines which elements consumers consider important and attempts to establish a system to introduce them in an effective way. Second, visual merchandizing has been much studied in the fashion industry, but very little in the foodservice. It is very meaningful to develop a measuring tool which uses visual merchandizing as an effective strategy of marketing, and can deliver differentiated corporate images to consumers rather than act only as a way of promoting sales through visual presentation. Third, in measuring the attitude toward visual merchandizing using the Fishbein’s model of attitudes, the values are derived from the product of the consumer’s belief about salient attributes, that is, importance, and the consumer’s evaluation of the attributes, that is, satisfaction, rather than from simply measuring and evaluating satisfaction and importance. The attitude of consumers toward visual marketing can be evaluated much more accurately using these values. Fourth, of all the factors of the attitude toward visual merchandizing, harmony is the onethat has the greatest influence on shaping the attitude toward brands in all three sectors, family restaurants, fast food stores, and coffee shops. Consumers take the overall harmony of colors, interiors, exteriors, and lightings in the store as the key variables for shaping the positive attitude toward the brand. Reliability, consisting of reliabilities on employees, safety and sanitization, and messages from the advertisements in the store, also plays an important role in shaping the attitude toward the brand. The results suggest that marketers should pay more careful attention to the harmony as the key factor in shaping the attitude toward brands in all the foodservice sectors, influencing intention to purchase, prompting recommendations to third parties, and finally attaining customer loyalty. To do this, a direction should be established for active marketing. This study has an important meaning in that it examines the attitudes of the foodservice toward visual merchandizing using the Fishbein’s model to provide basic data for differentiated marketing activities, and gives concrete suggestions in the theory and practice of marketing, leading to increased intent to purchase through the positive effect that the attitude toward VMD has on the attitude toward the brands. As a new outstanding element, visual merchandizing can be applied to the store planning to provide foodservice marketers with suggestions for making differentiated stores. The advanced store planning, which allows the integrative organization of the store, will provide a new kind of satisfaction to foodservice consumers.

해양레저마리나 최적입지 선정을 위한 평가지표 개발에 관한 연구

송병화 목포해양대학교 대학원 2010 국내석사

Recently, marine tourist industries are realized a high value industry and demands of the marine tourism is increasing. However infrastructure of the marine tourism in our country still clearly lacks capacity for consumers. Therefore the Government plans to develop marine tourist attraction for development of marine leisure industry. Additionally most local autonomous entity proceed rapidly to create 'The Marina of the Marine Leisure' that the advanced base of the marine leisure industry in oder to increase local economy. Determination of the location for the marina of the marine leisure is very important. Because it is the complicated facility with the various function. This study is able to do the various function. According to make the evaluation index in order to determine an optimizes location for the marina of the marine leisure. The location was evaluation the natural environmental factors with social environmental factors. Especially, the natural limited factors apply to evaluation on account of that the marina of the marine leisure constructed on the sea and more weighted factor apply to social environmental factors associated with the economics and the development possibility. Hereafter this study will make progress to evaluate the location by regression analysis.

환경동태성이 변혁적 리더십과 경영성과와의 관계에 미치는 영향

송병화 가천대학교 경영대학원 2014 국내석사

기업이 처한 환경에 대한 대처가 어려워짐에 따라 환경의 변화에 잘 대처할 수 있는 조직의 적응과 그를 이끌 수 있는 리더십으로서 변혁적 리더십에 대해서 많은 관심이 쏟아지게 되었다. 그러한 흐름을 반영하여 본 연구에서는 변혁적 리더십을 중요한 독립변수로 하여 변혁적 리더십과 환경동태성, 경영성과간의 관련성에 대해서 조사하였다. 그를 위해 관련된 문헌들을 폭넓게 고찰하고 정리하였다. 이론적 고찰을 기반으로 하여 연구모형을 구축하고 관련된 가설을 수립하였다. 주요한 가설은 변혁적 리더십, 환경동태성이 경영 성과에 영향을 미치는 것과 환경동태성이 변혁적 리더십과 경영성과간의 관련성에 영향을 줄 것이라는 것 등이다. 실증분석을 위해 설문조사를 실시하여 96부의 최종적인 설문을 확보하고 통계분석을 실시하였다. 분석에 있어서 경영 성과는 재무적 관점의 성과와 비재무적 관점의 성과 두 가지로 구성하고 그들을 종속변수로 하여 통계분석이 수행되었다. 분석 결과 다음의 내용들을 확인할 수 있었다. 첫째, 변혁적 리더십은 비재무적 성과에 매우 유의한 영향을 주었고 재무적 성과와는 관련성이 없었다. 둘째, 환경동태성은 양쪽의 성과변수에 모두 유의한 영향력을 주었는데 긍정적인 영향력으로 나타났다. 셋째, 환경동태성의 조절효과를 검증한 결과, 재무적 성과를 종속변수로 하는 분석에 있어서 개별배려에 대한 환경동태성의 부의 조절효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 즉 환경동태성이 클수록 개별배려가 재무적 성과에 미치는 영향이 저해를 받는 것으로 나타났다. 비재무적 성과에 있어서는 고객만족에 대한 환경동태성의 부의 조절효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 즉 환경동태성이 클수록 고객만족이 비재무적 성과에 미치는 영향이 저해를 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 실증분석과 관련된 논의들이 이루어졌다. 본 연구는 이러한 실증분석을 통해서 학습지향성과 변혁적 리더십과 관련된 시사점을 제공하고 있다는 점에서 그 의의를 찾을 수 있겠다.

외식 프랜차이즈 창업시 업태별 선택 속성차이 연구 : 미래 가맹점주를 대상으로

송병화 경희대학교 관광대학원 2005 국내석사

애플리케이션을 활용한 소형어선 자체검사승인제도 도입 방안에 관한 연구

송병화 목포해양대학교 대학원 2022 국내박사

In accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), all flag states must take measures with regard to the seaworthiness of ships, and observe and accept international regulations to ensure maritime safety of their own ships. As such, regular ship surveys should be carried out by qualified ship surveyors. In this regard, the government has implemented various policies to improve domestic maritime safety; however, domestic marine accidents have been on the rise since 2014. Especially, according to the analysis of the proportion of marine accidents by ship type, small fishing vessels account for the highest proportion and are gradually increasing; therefore, effective countermeasures are urgently needed. The purpose of the ship inspection system is to prevent marine accidents by guaranteeing minimum safety against many risk factors that ships face at sea. In order to effectively reduce marine accidents experienced by small fishing vessels, it is necessary to draw up a plan to improve the ship inspection system, which is a part of the marine accident prevention measures. Accordingly, in this study, the paradigm shift of the international ship inspection system was analyzed first, and a recent international trend was considered. A representative example of the paradigm shift in ship inspection system is the change in the perception of the seaworthiness of ships. The seaworthiness of ships has generally been limited to hardware elements for securing physical safety, such as stability, loading capacity, and crew. However, owing to the recent occurrence of large-scale marine accidents, and changes in social and cultural conditions, environmental protection such as the prevention of marine and air pollution, including aspects such as software elements for the establishment and maintenance of the shipping company’s (or ship owner’s) own safety management system is imperative. Recently, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and each flag state have promoted various changes in the paradigm of ship inspection systems. In particular, the recent introduction and implementation of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code and the Recognized Organization (RO) Code promote international standardization of the ship inspection system and demands owners’ and operators’ active participation in safety management. The major international trends in the paradigm shift of the latest ship inspection system can be summarized as follows: ·International standardization is being sought to resolve the possibility of mutual disputes by avoiding nationalistic exclusivity in the safety of the sea as a common domain. ·All interested parties related to maritime safety should decide their roles and make efforts for mutual coexistence. Based on this, the ‘PDCA Cycle-based Self Inspection Approval System (SIAS)’ was proposed as a paradigm shift in the domestic ship inspection system. This is a new type of ship inspection system that establishes the roles of interested parties in the ship inspection system based on the basic philosophy of the ISO 9000 series to improve the effectiveness of maritime safety. By having ship owners conduct ship inspections directly, they cultivate maritime safety awareness, and RO evaluates/reviews/approves self inspections based on professional technology, and guarantees improved effectiveness through continuous improvement of the system. Subsequently, in this study, the ‘SIAS Mobile Application for Small Fishing Vessels’ was developed and applied to the demonstration/experiment of the PDCA Cycle-based Self Inspection Approval System. The SIAS for small fishing vessels analyzed the cases of domestic and overseas self inspection system for small fishing vessels to ensure realistic acceptance and reflected the results. All small fishing boats in Korea were inspected by the Korea Maritime Transportation Safety Authority (KOMSA). In the case of overseas self inspection system for small fishing vessels, Canada's Small Vessel Compliance Program (SVCP) and the UK's Annual Self-Inspection (ASI) were confirmed. Based on the analysis results of the domestic and overseas self inspection system for small fishing vessels, it was developed as a mobile application-based non-face-to-face ship inspection system by combining the social environmental change factors of COVID-19 and ICT (Information and Communications Technologies)-based rapid development. The developed SIAS Mobile Application for small fishing vessels was distributed to incumbent inspectors and fishing vessel owners and its effectiveness was verified based on the expert group’s review. The claims to be verified through application development and application in this study are as follows: · (Effectiveness) It is necessary to introduce an SIAS for small fishing vessels to raise the owners' safety awareness through their direct participation. · (Sociability) It is necessary to introduce a mobile application-based non-face-to-face ship inspection system by reflecting the environmental factors of the times. The claim of this study was proved in the fact that expert opinions sought on the use of ‘SIAS Mobile Application for Small Fishing Vessels', were highly positive. The application developed through this study is expected to be used as a prototype for the government's new ship inspection system, and through this, it is expected that the principal objective of reducing marine accidents of small fishing vessels will be achieved.

편측 제 5 요수 단일 신경근병증에서 장비골근 H 반사의 진단적 의의

송병화 충북대학교 2010 국내석사

Objective: The aim of this study was to derive H reflex from peroneus longus muscle innervated by the 5th lumbar spinal nerve root, to determine the normative upper limit of peroneus longus and tibialis anterior H reflex latencies' side to side difference, and to study the clinical meaning of peroneus longus H reflex latency to L5 radiculopathy by comparing the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the two H reflex latencies. Method: H reflex from peroneus longus muscle was elicited by recording with active surface electrode on the motor point of the muscle during agonist's facilitation. The upper limit of each H latencies' side to side difference was set with mean plus 2 standard deviations from control group's normative data. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was evaluated with this diagnostic criteria of each H reflex latencies. Results: The average H latency from peroneus longus and tibialis anterior muscle in control group was 28.3±2.1msec, 28.6±1.9msec, respectively and statistical significance between peroneus longus H reflex latency and age, height, body weight, leg length, common peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity was depicted. And the regression equation among these parameters is as following: H latency = 67.749 + (0.026 × age) - (0.758 × conduction velocity). The upper limit of each H latencies' side to side difference was 1.10msec, 1.17msec, respectively and these were used as a diagnostic criteria for patients' group. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of peroneus longus H reflex and that of tibialis anterior was 78%, 67% and 90%, 86% respectively. The positive and negative predictive value was 74%, 63% and 92%, 88% respectively. Conclusion: By the facilitation technique, peroneus longus H reflex can be elicited effectively and it may be a useful electrophysiologic modality for the diagnosis of L5 radiculopathy. 목적: 제 5 요수 신경근의 지배를 받는 장비골근에서 촉진의 방법으로 H 반사를 유도하고, 이에 대한 정상 상한치와 H 반사에 영향을 주는 인자들과의 관계를 알아보며, 전경골근 H 반사와의 민감도, 특이도를 비교함으로써 편측 제 5 요수 단일 신경근병증에 대한 장비골근 H 반사의 진단적 의의를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 대조군 50명(100지)와 환자군 18명을 대상으로 장비골근 운동점에 표면 전극을 부착하고 피검자로 하여금 족관절 저굴 및 외번에 대한 등척성 수축의 촉진법을 이용하여 H 반사 기시잠시를 측정하였다. 또한 대조군에서 좌우측 장비골근 및 전경골근 H 반사 잠시 차이를 측정하여 정한 진단 기준을 환자군에 적용하여 편측 제 5 요수 신경근병증에 대한 민감도, 특이도, 양성 예측률 및 음성 예측률을 평가하였다. 결과: 대조군 50명에서 장비골근 및 전경골근 H 반사 잠시는 각각 28.3±2.1msec, 28.6±1.9msec이었으며, H 반사 잠시와 연령, 신장, 체중, 다리길이 및 신경전도속도와는 모두 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였고 이를 이용하여 H 잠시 = 67.749 + (0.026 × 연령) - (0.758 × 전도속도)라는 회귀식을 산출하였다. 좌우측 잠시차에 대한 정상 상한치는 각각 1.10msec, 1.17msec이었으며 이를 기준으로 환자군에서 산출한 제 5 요수 신경근병증에 대한 장비골근 및 전경골근 H 반사의 민감도는 78%, 67%이었고, 특이도는 90%, 86%이었으며, 양성 예측률은 각각 74%, 63%, 음성 예측률은 92%, 88%이었다. 결론: 장비골근 H 반사는 촉진의 방법으로 유발이 용이하였고, 전경골근 H 반사와 비교하였을 때 상대적으로 높은 민감도와 특이도를 보인 장비골근 H 반사는 제 5 요수 신경근병증의 진단에 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

아동의 환경친화적 소비행태에 관한 연구 : 초등 4,5,6학년을 중심으로

송병화 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 2002 국내석사

좁은 국토에 인구밀도가 높은 우리 나라는 지구 환경에 적지 않은 빚을 지고 살아간다. 해외에서 막대한 자원을 들여와 소비하면서 우리 국토가 모두 흡수할 수 없는 오염물질을 내뿜고 있기 때문이다. 세계자연보호기금(WWF)이 매년 1백 50여개 국가를 대상으로 조사한 '사용 생태량' 보고서를 보면 우리 국민 한 사람이 지구로부터 빌려쓰고 있는 '환경 빚'은 세계에서 여덟 번째로 많다. WWF 보고서는 현재 우리 국민의 소비수준을 만족시키려면 1인당 5.6ha씩의 생산성있는 토지를 확보해야 하지만 실제로 우리가 확보한 생태량은 1인당 0.74ha에 불과한 것으로 평가했다. 이 때문에 1인당 부족량인 4.86ha 만큼 지구 환경에 빚지고 살아가는 셈이다. 이와 같은 문제 해결을 위하여 미래의 경제주체인 아동들에게 장차 건전하고 합리적이며 사회적 책임을 다하는 민주시민으로서 맡은 바 역할을 충실히 수행할 준비를 갖추도록 학교 교육이 특히 강화되어야 할 것이다. 특히 아동의 바람직한 가치관 형성을 위하여 의식적인 측면의 교육이 더욱 중요하게 다뤄져야 하며, 사회과에서 환경교육이 더 중요하게 되었다. 이 논문에서는 여러 문헌과 선행연구의 결과를 통하여 초등 사회과와 환경교육, 환경교육의 목표, 환경 친화적 소비 관련 내용을 살펴보고 현재 시행되고 있는 초등학교 3,4,5,6학년 교과서(7차 교육과정)의 환경관련 내용을 분석하였다. 그리고 실제로 초등학교 4,5,6학년의 환경 친화적 소비 행태를 조사하였는데 이때 학년별 요인에 따라 어떻게 다르게 나타나는가를 분석하였다. 또한 경제적 유인동기 측면에서 환경 마크 노트 선호도와 환경오염에 대한 구체적 지식이 환경 친화적 소비 행태에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 조사·분석하였다. 경제적 유인동기 측면에서의 환경 마크 노트 선호도는 고학년일수록 높게 나타났으나, 집단간 유의한 차이로 나타나진 않았다. 환경오염에 대한 구체적 지식이 환경 친화적 소비 행태를 함양하는데 효과적이라는 분석결과가 나왔다. 따라서 미래의 경제주체로서 초등학교 아동들에게 보다 사회적 책임 있는 환경 친화적 소비 행태를 함양하기 위하여 환경교육이 더욱 확대·강화되어야 할 것이며, 이러한 교육활동이 나라와 인류의 미래에 기여할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다. Korea with the narrow land and high population density is considerably indebted to global environment. That's because it imports a considerable amount of resources from abroad and consumes them, generating pollutants all of which its land can't absorb. According to the 'Used Ecology' report on the research conducted with about 150 countries each year by the World Wildlife Fund(WWF), one Korean is eighth most indebted to global environment in the world. The WWF report estimated that a 5.6ha productive land is needed for each person to meet the current consumption level of Koreans but the actual ecology secured by us is only 0.74ha per one person. For this reason, each of us is indebted to global environment for 4.86ha, which is deficit for each. To settle such a problem, most of all, school education must be reinforced to enable children who are future economic subjects to prepare to make a good performance as a democratic citizen who is sound, rational, and socially responsible. In particular, conscious education should be more stressed on to encourage children to form desirable values, and education for environment-friendly consumers to connect consumers with environment is required for economic education in social education increasingly. First, a study was conducted on contents related to environment-friendly consumption in various literatures and results of previous studies, and an analysis was made on those related to economy and environment in 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th year current textbooks of elementary school (seventh curriculum). And the environment-friendly consumption of 4th, 5th, and 6th year children was actually examined: an analysis was made on the difference according to sex, grade, academic result, and home environment. In the respect of economic proximate motive, additionally, study and analysis were made on what influence concrete knowledge of environment-friendly consumption and environmental pollution has on environment-friendly consumption. The result demonstrated that female students were more environment-friendly in their consumption than male students, which wasn't verified as having a significant difference. Children residing in the apartment house left more food at school than those not residing in the apartment, which was verified as having a significant difference. That seems to be because overprotection of children with better living standard by their parents led to selfish action at school. As for environment-friendly consumption in the respect of economic proximate motive, the analysis demonstrated that female students are more sensitive to economic proximate motive than male students; besides, the higher grade, the better academic result, and the higher living standard, the more sensitive to it. In addition, the analysis result showed that concrete knowledge of environmental pollution is effective in facilitating environment-friendly consumption. Thus, school education must be more extended and reinforced to enable elementary school children to make environment-friendly consumption with more social responsibility as an economic subject, and such an educational activity is expected to contribute to the future of this country and mankind.

非晶質 金屬合金 Pd-Fe-Co-Si-B의 熱的 特性과 結晶化 硏究

송병화 전남대학교 대학원 2001 국내석사

비정질 금속합금 Pd-Fe-Co-Si-B의 열적 특성과 결정화 과정은 시차주사열량분석기(DSC), X-선 회절기(XRD), 투과전자현미경(TEM)을 사용하여 연구하였다. 본 실험에서는 활성화 에너지, 엔탈피 변화, 결정화 분률, 반응차수를 아르곤 가스 분위기에서 DSC로 실험하였다. 실험의 결과 설담금하지 않은 Pd_48.2Fe_16.7Co_17.0Si_13.4B_4.7와 Pd_48.5Fe_17.8Co_17.2Si_14.2B_2.3시료에 대해 두 개의 결정화 봉우리를 얻었고, Pd_51.6Fe_16.9Co_16.8Si_13.8B_0.9시료에 대해 다섯 개의 결정화 봉우리를 얻었으며, Pd_51.4Fe_16.8Co_16.6Si_14.2B_1.0시료에 대해는 네 개의 결정화 봉우리를 얻었다. 특별히 Pd_51.4Fe_16.8Co_16.6Si_14.2B_1.0시료에 대해서 세 번째 결정화봉우리가 설담금 온도에 따라 네 번째 결정화봉우리와 점차적으로 혼합되어지는 것을 확인했다. 활성화 에너지는 설담금하지 않은 Pd_48.2Fe_16.7Co_17.0Si_13.4B_4.7시료에서 가장 큰 값인 311.89 kJ/mol을 얻었다. 이는 결정화봉우리의 활성화 에너지가 시료의 조성에 의존함을 알 수 있다. 본 논문은 조성에 따른 열적 특성과 결정화 특성에 대한 기초 물성 자료를 구했다. The thermal properties and crystallization behavior of amorphous Pd-Fe-Co-Si-B alloys were examined by using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). We obtained the activation energy, change of enthalpy, crystalline fraction and Avrami exponent(n). We observed two exothermic peaks from the as-quenched samples for Pd_48.2Fe_16.7Co_17.0Si_13.4B_4.7. Pd_48.5Fe_17.8Co_17.2Si_14.2B_2.3 alloys and observed five exothermic peaks from as-quenched sample for Pd_51.6Fe_16.9Co_16.8Si_13.8B_0.9 alloy and observed four exothermic peaks from the as-quenched sample for Pd_51.4Fe_16.8Co_16.6Si_14.2B_1.0 alloy. Especially, we found that the third peak was mixed with the fourth peak gradually with annealing temperature for Pd_51.4Fe_16.8Co_16.6Si_14.2B_1.0 alloy. Activation energy is the largest, 311.89kJ/mol at as-quenched sample for Pd_48.2Fe_16.7Co_17.0Si_13.4B_4.7. We found that activation energies of exothermic peaks depend on the composition of the samples. We will discuss on the crystallization kinetics in detail.