Combustion characteristics of gaseous inverse O₂/H₂ coaxial jet flames in a single-element model combustor

Kim, Tae Young,Choi, Sun,Kim, Young Hoo,Ahn, Yeong Jong,Kim, Hee Kyung,Kwon, Oh Chae Elsevier 2018 ENERGY Vol.155 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To effectively design hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>)/oxygen (O<SUB>2</SUB>) liquid rocket engines through understanding the combustion characteristics of H<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> bipropellants, fundamental studies for the bipropellants in different phases are needed. This study is focused on the combustion characteristics of inverse gaseous O<SUB>2</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB> coaxial jet flames in a single-element model combustor as a preliminary step for succeeding studies of injection at different phases in the combustor, visualizing flame structure by direct imaging, OH<SUP>∗</SUP> chemiluminescence and OH planar laser-induced fluorescence. With increasing Reynolds number (Re), the frequency of occurrence of the local flame extinction increases and the length of the disconnected OH reaction zone is extended. The OH layer thickness increases downstream, while it is almost constant where the local flame extinction occurs and decreases with increasing Re due to the enhanced strain and scalar-dissipation rates. The excessive flame wrinkledness increases the local flame strain rate and results in the local flame extinction, exhibiting the tendency of increasing and then decreasing flame surface density with increasing Re. The probability density function of OH intensity quantifies the fluctuation intensity of OH radicals and the possibility of the local flame extinction. A useful database is provided for modeling the combustion of H<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> bipropellants under different phases.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A useful database for modeling the H<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> bipropellant combustion is provided. </LI> <LI> Local flame extinction frequently occurs at high Reynolds number (<I>Re</I>). </LI> <LI> OH probability density function indicates the possibility of local extinction. </LI> <LI> Flame surface density increases and then decreases with increasing <I>Re</I>. </LI> <LI> Strong burning of O<SUB>2</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB> causes laminar-like combustion near the injector lip. </LI> </UL> </P>

남자 고등부 태권도 경기 내용 분석 : 발기술을 중심으로 Focused on Feet Technigues

권오륜,노영태,황영성 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1997 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

This worker has wanted to make out various feet techinques and basic data for improving competitions by analyzing feet techniques frequencies, and effective piont scoring scale in High School Boys' national competitions. Through the study of practical examples, this worker has made these following conclusion: 1. The four different feet techniques were used at The National Olympics, The League of Middle High School Students, and The Pusan Preliminary Matches for the National Olympics in the following various frequencies ; Dolyechagi 222 times(52%), Nalaechagi 63 times(15%), Butchechagi 48 times(11%), and Dutchagi 49 times(11%). 2. An effective point scoring scale could be arranged like this : Dolychagi 45 points(55%), Nalaechagi 12 points(15%), Dutchagi 9 poins(11%), Butchechagi 6 paints(7.3%). 3. The various feet techniques and effective point scoring scale in Tae Kwon Do competitions. These conditions could be especially important for the favored winners. 4. Tae Kwon Do players should practice not only basic techniques but also various feet techniques in order to perform active and aggressive matches.

Properties of inverse nonpremixed pure O₂/CH₄ coflow flames in a model combustor

Choi, Sun,Kim, Tae Young,Kim, Hee Kyung,Koo, Jaye,Kim, Jeong Soo,Kwon, Oh Chae Elsevier 2015 ENERGY Vol.93 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In order to evaluate the potential of oxy-combustion of inverse nonpremixed coflow flames using a clean fuel to improve the combustion and emission characteristics compared with the normal coflow flames using air, the fundamental properties of inverse nonpremixed pure oxygen (O<SUB>2</SUB>)/methane (CH<SUB>4</SUB>) coflow flames in a model combustor are experimentally investigated. The combustion stability (extinction) limits, structure and nitrogen oxide (NO<SUB>x</SUB>) emissions of the inverse coflow flames in the quartz-windowed combustion chamber with a single shear coaxial injector and a fully opened exhaust nozzle are measured using OH<SUP>∗</SUP> chemiluminescence, a schlieren imaging system and a gas analyzer. Results show four distinct stability regimes and limits: the attached flame regime, the near-blowout flame regime, blowout limits and blowoff limits. The direct flame and OH<SUP>∗</SUP> chemiluminescence images confirm the cooling effects of chamber walls that cause no steady liftoff flame and only the near-blowout flame. The extinction limits of the inverse CH<SUB>4</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> coflow flames are extended compared with the normal CH<SUB>4</SUB>/air coflow flames and reasonable levels of NO<SUB>x</SUB> emissions are observed, which supports that oxy-combustion of the inverse nonpremixed coflow flames using the clean fuel is acceptable for practical application, providing a useful database for modeling the flames in the confined chamber.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Extended stability limits of inverse nonpremixed O<SUB>2</SUB>/CH<SUB>4</SUB> coflow flames are found. </LI> <LI> Stable, attached flames and oscillating, near-blowout flames are observed. </LI> <LI> Direct flame and OH<SUP>∗</SUP> chemiluminescence images indicate no steady liftoff flame. </LI> <LI> Reasonable levels of NO<SUB>x</SUB> emissions are observed. </LI> <LI> Inverse nonpremixed O<SUB>2</SUB>/CH<SUB>4</SUB> coflow flames are acceptable for practical applications. </LI> </UL> </P>

모델연소실 내 GCH₄/GO₂ 및 GH₂ /GO₂ 동축류 제트화염의 연소특성 기초 연구

최선(Sun Choi),김태영(Tae Young Kim),김희경(Hee Kyung Kim),권오채(Oh Chae Kwon) 한국추진공학회 2016 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.12

로켓 엔진의 차세대 액체이원추진제로서 각광을 받고 있는 메탄(CH₄)/산소(O₂) 이원추진제의 기초연소특성 및 연소 안정화의 고유특성 확인을 위해 수소(H2)/산소 이원추진제 연소특성과 비교 연구를 수행하였다. 기초 연소특성 연구를 위한 모델연소실 내에서 기체 메탄(GCH₄)/기체 산소(GO₂) 및 기체수소(GH₂)/GO₂의 동축류 제트화염의 연소안정한계와 직접 사진, OH<SUP>*</SUP> 자발광 이미지를 측정한 결과, GCH₄/GO₂와 GH₂/GO₂ 모두 산소-연료 모멘텀비((O/F)mom)가 감소함에 따라 연소안정한계는 확장되는 경향을 보였으나 GH₂/GO₂ 화염에 비해 GCH₄/GO₂ 화염은 좁은 연소안정한계가 측정되었고, 또한 GCH₄/GO₂ 화염은 이론당량비 조건에서, GH2/GO₂ 화염은 연료과농 조건에서 최대 OH* 강도가 측정됨을 OH<SUP>*</SUP> 자발광 가시화를 통해 확인하였다. Liquid methane (CH₄)/oxygen (O₂) bipropellants have been recently considered as a next-generation propellant due to eco-friendly and non-toxic properties, low cost and high performance. To investigate the unique features of CH₄/O₂ bipropellants, the fundamental combustion characteristics of gaseous CH₄/O₂ and H₂/O₂ coaxial jet flames in a model combustor are investigated through measuring the combustion stability limits and visualizing flames. Results show that the combustion stability limits of GCH₄/GO₂ flames are reduced compared with the GH₂/GO₂ flames. The maximum OH<SUP>*</SUP> intensity of GCH₄/GO₂ flames is observed at near-stoichiometric condition, while the GH₂/GO₂ flames at fuel-rich condition.

HIPP: 고관여제품의 구매의사결정 지원시스템의 설계 : DEA와 AHP의 통합접근

오태민,김민용,권오병 경희대학교 국제경영연구소 2004 국제경영연구 Vol.10 No.1

菜種油의 水素添加反應에 關한 硏究 (第一報) : 요오드價, 굴절율, 융점의 變化에 따른 Kinetics The Kinetic Studies by the Changes of Iodine Value, Refractive Index and Melting Point

權泰鳳,吳成基 慶熙大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Edible rapeseed oil containing about 30% erucic acid was hydrogenated using nickel catalyst under 1 atm. and other various reaction conditions. Physicochemical change of the reaction products was examined by measuring iodine value, refractive index and melting point. Also, the kinetics was studied by measuring iodine value. The results obtained are as followed: It was found that the hydrogenation of rapeseed oil at 170℃ and 0.1% catalyst level was followed the first-order kinetic, and the rate constant was calculated to be 3.9×10^-3 min^-1·Iodine value was decreased with an increase of reaction temperature, time and catalyst concentration. Refractive index and melting point were increased with a decrease of iodine value. The correlation factor between refractive index and iodine value was RI=0.00015 IV+1.4512.

韓國産 大豆油의 抗酸化에 關한 硏究(第一報) : 大豆油에 있어서 tocopherol과 phospholipid의 抗酸化 相乘效果에 關하여 Synergistic Antioxidation Effect of Tocopherol and Phospholipid

權泰鳳,吳成基 慶熙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The synergistic antioxidation effect of α-tocopherol and soybean phospholipid was examined by measuring peroxide value at 100℃, 150℃ and 200℃ with time. Various concentrations of tocopherol and phospholipid were added to the edible soybean oil respectively. When phospholipid was not added the antioxidation effect of tocopherol was more found at 0.01% addition level than 0.05% or 0.1% additional level. In the case of phospholipid was added the antioxidation effect was more significantly found than phospholipid not added and, when the addition level of tocopherol was increased the antioxidation effect of phospholipid was found at higher phospholipid addition level. But at the low addition level of tocopherol, the high phospholipid addition level was decreased antioxidation effect. When the 0.05% tocopherol and 0.1% phospholipid was added to the edible sobean oil at 100℃, the antioxidation effect was exhibited to maximum and also, 0.05% tocopherol and 0.05% phospholipid at 150℃ too. The antioxidation effect was increased with an increase phospholipid addition level at 100℃ but at the low addition level of topherol, the antioxidation effect was decreased with an increase phospholipid concentrations at 150℃. The antioxidation effect was not significantly different from phospholipid and tocopherol at 200℃

菜種油의 水素添加反應에 關한 硏究(第一報) : 요오드價, 굴절율, 융점의 變化에 따른 Kinetics The Kinetic Studies by the Changes of Iodine Value, Refractive Index and Melting Point

權泰鳳,吳成基 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1983 硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Edible rapeseed oil containing about 30% erucic acid was hydrogenated using nickel catalyst under 1 atm. and other various reaction conditions. Physicochemical change of the reaction products was examined by measuring iodine value, refractive index and melting point. Also, the kinetics was studied by measuring iodine value. The results obtained are as followed: It was found that the hydrogenation of rapeseed oil at 170℃ and 0.1% catalyst level was followed the first-order kinetics, and the rate constant was calculated to be 3.9×10^(-3) min^(-1). Iodine value was decreased with an increase of reaction temperature, time and catalyst concentration. Refractive index and melting point were increased with a decrease of iodine value. The correlation factor between refractive index and iodine value was RI = 0.00015 Ⅳ + 1.4512.

韓國産 大豆油의 抗酸化에 關한 硏究 (第一報) : 大豆油에 있어서 tocopherol과 phospholipid의 抗酸化 相乘效果에 關하여 Synergistic Antioxidation Effect of Tocopherol and Phospholipid

權泰鳳,吳成基 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1985 硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The synergistic antioxidation effect of α-tocopherol and soybean phospholipid was examined by measuring peroxide value at 100℃, 150℃ and 200℃ with time. Various concentrations of tocopherol and phospholipid were added to the edible soybean oil respectively. When phospholipid was not added the antioxidation effect of tocopherol was more found at 0.01% addition level than 0.05% or 0.1% addition level. In the case of phospholipid was added the antioxidation effect was more significantly found than phospholipid not added and, when the addition level of tocopherol was increased the antioxidation effect of phospholipid was found at higher phospholipid addition level. But at the low addition level of tocopherol, the high phospholipid addition level was decreased antioxidation effect. When the 0.05% tocopherol and 0.1% phospholipid was added to the edible sobean oil at 100℃, the antioxidation effect was exhibited to maximum and also, 0.05% tocopherol and 0.05% pbospholipid at 150℃ too. The antioxidation effect was increased with an increase phospholipid addition level at 100℃ but at the low addition level of topherol, the antioxidation effect was decreased with an increase phospholipid concentrations at 150℃. The antioxidation effect was not significantly different from phospholipid and tocopherol at 200℃.

野山開墾地에서 大豆栽培 硏究 : 石灰 및 窒素 供給 形態가 養分吸收 및 收量에 미치는 영향 1. Influence of Application of Lime and Kinds of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nutrients Content and Yield

權泰午,李德培 圓光大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.28 No.2

野山 開墾地에서 대두 재배시 석회(중화량시용, 무시용) 및 질소공급 형태(무시용, 요소, 유안, 초안)에 따른 대두 生育 및 植物體 中 窒素化合物 조성과 收量등에 대하여 검토한 결과, 1.生育 및 養分吸收에 있어 석회 시용은 무시용에 비하여 식물체의 乾物重및 葉, 莖의 T-N, 水可溶性 窒素化合物, 葉의 無機成分含量등은 증가되었으나 葉의 炭水化物 함량은 감소되었으며 석회 시용구에서 窒素肥種間에는 초안구가 요소, 유안구보다도 乾物重, T-N, Amino acid-N, 무기성분함량은 증가되었으나 Allantoin-N 및 탄수화물 함량은 減少되는 경향이었다. 2.種實 中 養分含量에 있어 석회 시용구는 무시용에 비해 炭水化物, 租蛋白, CaO함량 등은 증가되었으나 K₂O함량은 감소되었고, 질소비종간에는 탄수화물, 租脂肪은 질소무시용구에서 높았으며 조단백은 유안구, CaO는 유안구 및 초안구, P₂O5는 요소구에서 대체로 높았다. 3.수량 및 수량 구성요소에 있어 석회 시용으로 무시용에 비해 百粒重 및 總莢數에서 증가되어 20%의 增收를 가져왔으며 석회 시용구에서 질소비종간에는 초안구에서 總莢數가 증가되어 질소 무시용보다 13% 증수되어 수량이 제일 높았고, 유안, 요소, 질소, 무시용순이었다. 4.葉의 T-N, Amino acid-N함량과 수량과는 正의 有意的인 相關을 나타내었으나 Allantoin-N함량과는 負의 相關을 보였고, 莖에 있어서는 生育後期 Amino acid-N함량과 수량과는 有意性이 없고, Allantoin-N함량과는 生育初期에는 負의 상관이었으나 生育後期에는 유의적인 正의 상관을 보였다. This study was carried out to investigate influence of application of lime and kinds of N fertilizer on nutrients content and yield of soybean in newly reclaimed area. Lime was applied requiring amount for neutralization and nitrogen was applied 4kg per 10a. Kinds of N fertilizer were urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate. Lime application caused to neutralize soil pH, and resulted in more nutrient uptake in the soybean plant than of no application of lime. As result of that, dry matter production was increased, and weight of 100 seeds and number of total pods were also increased. These factors caused to increase yield of soybean. T-sugar and starch, and crude protein etc. in seeds were increased with lime application. Ammonium nitrate under lime application resulted in more increase of dry matter production, content of inorganic elements, number of total pods, and yield than those of urea and ammonium sulfate. Dominating N form in vegetative growth stage was free amino acid-N transformed from chemical N fertilizer, but in reproductive growth stage was allantoin-N. Significant positive relationship were found between content of T-N and amino acid-N in the leaf, and yield, but negative relationship was found between content of allantoin-N and yield. Content of allantoin-N in the stem of late reproductive growth stage was significantly related to yield, but no significantly relationship was found between content of amino acid-N and yield.