공동주택내 이산화질소(NO2) 및 휘발성유기화합물(VOCs) 노출에 따른 건강 위해성 평가

Jung,Soon-Won,Yang,Won-Ho,Son,Bu-Soon 한국환경보건학회 2007 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.33 No.4

Indoor air quality has become a topic of interest and concern. Especially changes in construction design and the increased use of synthetic products may result in an increasing of complaints and health effects about the quality of indoor air at home. In this study, nitrogen dioxide(NO2) and volatile organic compounds(VOCs) within new and established apartments on the basis of 4 years of building year were measured every 3 days consecutively during 60 days. We selected each 10 house in Seoul, Asan and Daegu, respectively, and produced risk numbers for hazard quotients, and predicted increases in incidence of cancer. The calculations were made for the adult with default exposure values and also made for a worst case scenario using Monte-Carlo simulation as describing the reasonable exposure(RME). Mean of Monte carlo analysis by benzene, in the construction under 4 years (male: 9.2105, female: 1.0×104) and over 4years (male: 6.8×105, female: 8.3×105) exceeded 106 of permitted standards in US EPA, RME of Monte carlo analysis. In construction under 4 years (male: 9.9×103, female: 9.6×103) and over 4years (male: 9.8×103, female: 7.8×103) exceeded 104 of maximum permitted standards in US EPA. The hazard index of non-carcinogenic pollutants by nitrogen dioxide, toluene, m,p-xylene and o-xylene, both male and female in apartment constructed under 4 years and over 4 years was found less than the permitted standards of hazardous health effects in CTE. Significant cancer risks and non-cancer hazard quotients were predicted in under 4 years of building year.

중국의 미니멀리즘 패션에 나타난 미의식 연구 -도가(道家)의 ‘도(道)’ 미학을 중심으로-

양정원(Yang, Jung Won),이미숙(Lee, Mi Suk) 한국디자인문화학회 2021 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구 목적은 탈현대적 가치를 갖는 도가사상의 ‘도(道)’ 미학에 주목하여 중국의 미니멀리즘 패션에 내재되어 있는 미의식을 분석하고자 한다. 연구 방법은 선행 연구 및 관련 서적을 중심으로 문헌 고찰을 통해 서양 미니멀리즘과 이와 연관성을 갖는 ‘도’ 미학을 살펴보고 이를 토대로 도가적 미니멀리즘 미의식을 도출한 후 중국의 미니멀리즘 패션의 미의식을 분석하였다. 연구범위는 2008년 이후부터 2021년까지 중국문화에 노출되어 중국문화의 영향을 받은 중국계디자이너들이 전통적 미의식을 통해서 미니멀리즘으로 재해석한 작품을 대상으로 하였다. 서양 미니멀리즘과 상응하는 연관성을 갖는 ‘도’ 미학을 허(虛), 무위자연(無爲自然), 유(遊), 유무상생(有無相生) 등의 미적 개념으로 대별하여 조형적 특성 및 미적 가치를 살펴본 후 도출된 도가적 미니멀리즘의 미의식은 ‘비움의 허무미’, ‘미완의 약졸미’, ‘일기적 공간미’, ‘변증적 상생미’ 등으로 나타났으며 이를 토대로 중국의 미니멀리즘 패션에 내재된 미의식을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 서양의 미니멀리즘의 ‘단순성’은 자연의 ‘본질추구’라는 특성을 내포한 ‘허’의 미적 개념과 연관성이 발견되며, ‘허의 미니멀리즘적 단순성’에서 도출된 ‘비움의 허무미’는 무정형이며 일체의 꾸밈이 없는 직선형 실루엣의 간결한 형식으로 표출된다. 둘째, 미니멀리즘의 ‘환원성’은 ‘자연적 본질로의 회귀’라는 특성을 내포한 ‘무위자연’의 미적 개념과 연관성이 발견되며, ‘무위자연의 미니멀리즘적 환원성’에서 도출된 ‘미완의 약졸미’는 인위적 흔적을 덜어내고 자연의 본성 그대로를 전시하기 위해 천연재료의 본형을 살리려는 방법으로 표출된다. 셋째, 미니멀리즘의 ‘상황성’은 ‘절대 자유의 공간 추구’의 특성을 내포한 ‘유’의 미적 개념과 연관성이 발견되며, ‘유의 미니멀리즘적 상황성’에서 도출된 ‘일기적 공간미’는 비구조적 풍성한 실루엣, 천연의 질감을 갖는 소재 등을 통해 표출된다. 넷째, 미니멀리즘의 ‘전체성’은 ‘유무대립의 관계가 상생하여 강렬한 어울림’을 내포한 ‘유무상생’의 미적 개념과 연관성이 발견되며, ‘유무상생의 미니멀리즘적 전체성’에서 도출된 ‘변증적 상생미’는 비대칭, 비균제적 조화를 통해 표출된다. 이상으로 자연주의적 색채가 강한 도가적 미의식은 환경을 고려한 지속 가능한 패션 디자인의 기초자료로 활용되리라 기대된다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the aesthetic consciousness inherent in Chinese minimalism fashion by paying attention to the ‘Do’ aesthetics of the Taoism, which has post-modern values. As a research method, through literature review focusing on previous studies and related books, Western minimalism and its related ‘Do’ aesthetics were examined, and the aesthetic consciousness of Taoist minimalism was derived based on this, and then the aesthetic consciousness of Chinese minimalism fashion was analyzed. The scope of the study was targeted at works that were exposed to Chinese culture from 2008 to 2021 and reinterpreted as minimalism by Chinese designers who were influenced by Chinese culture with a traditional aesthetic consciousness. The aesthetic consciousness of Taoist minimalism, which was derived after examining formative characteristics and aesthetic values by dividing the aesthetics of ‘Do’, which has a corresponding connection with Western minimalism, into aesthetic concepts such as ‘Heo’, ‘Muwi-jayeon’, ‘Yu’, ‘Yumusangsaeng’, appeared as ‘Empty Heomu beauty’ and ‘Unfinished Yakzol beauty’, ‘Ilgijeok Space beauty’, ‘Dialectic Win-win beauty’. Based on this, the results of analyzing the aesthetic consciousness inherent in Chinese minimalism fashion are as follows. First, the ‘simplicity’ of Western minimalism is found to be related to the aesthetic concept of ‘Heo’ which implies the ‘pursuit of the essence’ of nature, the ‘Empty Heo-mu beauty’ derived from ‘Heo’s minimalistic simplicity’ is expressed in a concise form of a straight silhouette without any amorphous ornamentation. Second, the ‘reduction’ of minimalism is found to be related to the aesthetic concept of ‘Muwi-jayeon’, which contains the characteristics of ‘return to the essence of nature’ and ‘Unfinished Yakzol beauty’ derived from ‘minimalistic reducibility of Muwi-jayeon’ is expressed as a way to remove artificial traces and reveal nature. Third, the ‘situationality’ of minimalism is found to be related to the aesthetic concept of ‘Yu’, which contains the characteristics of ‘absolute freedom space pursuit’, and the ‘Ilgijeok Space beauty’ derived from ‘minimalistic situationality of Yu’, is expressed through unstructured silhouettes and natural textures. Fourth, the ‘wholeness’ of minimalism is found to be related to the aesthetic concept of ‘Yumusangsaeng’ that implies ‘intense harmony due to the coexistence of relationships’, and ‘Dialectic Win-win beauty’ derived from the ‘Yumusangsaeng’ of the aesthetics of the ‘existence-free coexistence’ is expressed through asymmetric and non-uniform harmony. As mentioned above, the Taoist aesthetic with strong naturalistic colors is expected to be used as a basic material for sustainable fashion design considering the environment.

산지별 시판녹차의 카페인, 유리아미노산, 비타민C 및 카테킨 함량 비교

김봉수(Kim, Bong-Soo),양원모(Yang, Won0-Mo),최 정(Choi Jung) 한국차학회 2002 한국차학회지 Vol.8 No.1

The chemical and catechin contents of green tea in Bosung, Sunchon, Kwangyang, Hadong regions were compared. According as growth is marched, total nitrogen decreased on the whole, but there was no difference between regions. The ash also decreased according as growth is marched, and goods that is collected in Bosung region is high the content. The caffeine content in goods collected in Seungju region is higher than other regions. Total free amino acid content in goods collected in Daap region is higher than other regions. Also the theanine content in goods collected in Daap region is higher than other regions as free amino acid. The vitamin C content in goods collected in Bosung region is higher than other regions. However, the difference of chemical contents don't know whether meteorological conditions or manure control and manufacture method, so required to detail research. The (-)EGCg in catechin contents were high as 55%. The total catechin contents in goods collected in Bosung region is highest and lowest in Daap region. And it is increased the harvesting time is later.

Insulin resistance mediates high-fat diet-induced pulmonary fibrosis and airway hyperresponsiveness through the TGF-β1 pathway

Park, Yoon Hee,Oh, Eun Yi,Han, Heejae,Yang, Misuk,Park, Hye Jung,Park, Kyung Hee,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Park, Jung-Won Nature Publishing Group UK 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.5

<▼1><P>Prior studies have reported the presence of lung fibrosis and enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. This study evaluated the role of TGF-β1 in HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis in a murine model. We generated HFD-induced obesity mice and performed glucose and insulin tolerance tests. HFD mice with or without ovalbumin sensitization and challenge were also treated with an anti-TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody. AHR to methacholine, inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and histological features were evaluated. Insulin was intranasally administered to normal diet (ND) mice, and in vitro insulin stimulation of BEAS-2b cells was performed. HFD-induced obesity mice had increased insulin resistance, enhanced AHR, peribronchial and perivascular fibrosis, and increased numbers of macrophages in the BALF. However, they did not have meaningful eosinophilic or neutrophilic inflammation in the lungs compared with ND mice. The HFD enhanced TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium, but we found no differences in the expression of interleukin (IL)−4 or IL-5 in lung homogenates. Administration of the anti-TGF-β1 antibody attenuated HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis. It also attenuated goblet cell hyperplasia, but did not affect the AHR and inflammatory cell infiltration induced by OVA challenge. The intranasal administration of insulin enhanced TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium and lung fibrosis. Stimulating BEAS-2b cells with insulin also increased TGF-β1 production by 24 h. We concluded that HFD-induced obesity-associated insulin resistance enhances TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium, which may play an important role in the development of lung fibrosis and AHR in obesity.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Obesity: A trigger for asthma onset</B></P><P>Insulin resistance may be an important causative factor underlying the increased risk of asthma and other respiratory issues in obese individuals. Obesity doubles the likelihood of developing asthma, with symptoms that are more difficult to control than in non-obese patients. The connection between these conditions is poorly understood, but researchers led by Jung-Won Park, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, have identified a potential mechanism. They demonstrated that a signaling molecule called TGF-β1 contributes to airway sensitivity and tissue scarring in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Subsequent experiments showed that treatment with insulin also gives rise to increased TGF-β1 production in the mouse lung. Since insulin resistance is a common feature of obesity, resulting in abnormally high levels of circulating insulin, this could also account for the increased risk of respiratory problems.</P></▼2>

우리나라 노인여성의 골다공증성 척추골절로 인한 경제적 부담 추계

강혜영,강대룡,장영화,박성은,최원정,문성환,양규현,Kang, Hye-Young,Kang, Dae-Ryong,Jang, Young-Hwa,Park, Sung-Eun,Choi, Won-Jung,Moon, Seong-Hwan,Yang, Kyu-Hyun 대한예방의학회 2008 예방의학회지 Vol.41 No.5

Objectives : To estimate the economic burden of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (VF) from a societal perspective. Methods : From 2002 to 2004, we identified all National Health Insurance claims records for women ${\geq}50$ years old with a diagnosis of VF. The first 6-months was defined as a "clearance period," such that patients were considered as incident cases if their first claim of fracture was recorded after June 30, 2002. We only included patients with ${\geq}$ one claim of a diagnosis of, or prescription for, osteoporosis over 3 years. For each patient, we cumulated the claims amount for the first visit and for the follow-up treatments for 1 year. The hospital charge data from 4 hospitals were investigated to measure the proportion of the non-covered services. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 106 patients from the 4 study sites to measure the out-of-pocket spending outside of hospitals. Results : During 2.5 years, 131,453 VF patients were identified. The patients had an average of 3.38 visits, 0.40 admissions and 6.36 inpatient days. The per capita cost was 1,909,690 Won: 71.5% for direct medical costs, 20.6% for direct non-medical costs and 7.9% for indirect costs. The per capita cost increased with increasing age: 1,848,078 Won for those aged 50-64, 2,084,846 Won for 65-74, 2,129,530 Won for 75-84and 2,121,492 Won for those above 84. Conclusions : Exploring the economic burden of osteoporotic VF is expected to motivate to adopt effective treatment options for osteoporosis in order to prevent the incidence of fracture and the consequent costs.

Characterization of TallyHo mice, a Newly Developed Type 2 Diabetes Model Mice

Won Hoon Jung,Yoon Young Sung,Hye Sung Lee,Hee-Yeon Kim,Sang Dal Rhee,Sung-Don Yang 한국실험동물학회 2003 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

Analysis of High Radioactive Materials in Irradiated DUPIC SIMFUEL Using EPMA

Yang-Hong Jung,Bang-Ok Yoo,Yong-Sun Joo,Jong-won Lee,In-Ha Jung,Myung-Han Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.2 No.2

최대 선출력 61 ㎾/m 및 평균 연소도 1,770 ㎿d/tU의 조건으로 하나로에서 조사한 DUPIC(Direct Use of Spent PWR Fuel in CANDU Reactors) 핵 연료를 EPMA (Electron Probe Micro Analyzer)를 이용하여 핵분열 생성물을 분석하였다. EPMA의 정확한 분석 방법을 확립하고자, 핵분열생성물 대신 시약을 첨가하여 제조한 모의 DUPIC 핵연료로 EPMA 분석을 수행하였고, 그 결과를 습식 화학 분석의 결과와도 비교하여 평가하였다. 모의 DUPIC 핵연료 중심부의 금속 석출물은 약 1 정도의 크기로 관찰되었으며, 이들의 조성은 Mo-53.89 at.%, Ru-37.40 at.% 및 Pd+Rh-8.71 at%이었다. 모의 DUPIC 핵연료 시험에서 정립한 시험방법으로 조사한 DUPIC 핵연료 시편의 금속 석출물 특성을 분석하였다. 핵연료 중앙부에서 관찰된 금속 석출물들의 크기는 2∼2.5 정도이었으며, Mo-47.34 at.%, Ru-46 at.%, Pd+Rh-6.65 at.%의 조성임을 확인하였다. 이 실험을 위하여, 특별히 시료의 전도성을 향상시키기 위한 처리를 하였으며, 작은 금속 석출물에 EPMA의 전자빔을 정확히 조사할 수 있는 실험 조건을 제시하였다. Fission products of DUPIC (Direct Use of Spent PWR Fuel in CANDU Reactors) fuel, irradiated in HANARO research reactor with 61 ㎾/m of maximum linear power and 1,770 ㎿d/tU of average burn-up, was characterized by EPMA(Electron Probe Micro Analyzer). In order to find accurate characterization, the analysis results by EPMA of fresh simulated DUPIC fuel containing fission products as chemicals were compared with that of wet chemical analysis. The metallic precipitates observed at the center of the fresh simulated DUPIC fuel were about 1 in size and their major components by EPMA were Mo-53.89 at.%, Ru-37.40 at.%, and Pd+Rh-8.71 at.%. Established procedure through the fresh simulated DUPIC fuel was applied to the irradiated DUPIC fuel. Observed size of metallic precipitates were 2∼2.5 and their compositions were Mo-47.34 at.%, Ru-46 at.%, and Pd+Rh-6.65 at.%. What are uncommon things for this experiment, special treatment for improving the conductivity was attempted to the specimen and the conditions of exact irradiation of electron beam to small metallic precipitate were suggested.

Seedling Conditions for Kimchi Cabbage, Head Lettuce, Cabbage and Broccoli for a Riding-type Transplanter

( Jung-hyun Lim ),( Suh-young Park ),( Won-byung Chae ),( Sung-kyeom Kim ),( Seung-kook Choi ),( Eun-young Yang ),( Min-ji Lee ),( Gyeong-bin Park ),( Yoon-ah Jang ),( Myeong-hoon Seo ),( Suk-woo Jang 한국농업기계학회 2017 바이오시스템공학 Vol.42 No.2

Purpose: We have studied the necessary qualities of seedlings of some leafy vegetables for a riding-type two-row automatic transplanter. When seedlings are planted using a transplanter, long roots may be rounded in the bottom of the tray, and this can interfere with the separation of the seedlings. Uprightness related to leaf spread angle is an important quality for seedlings in mechanical planting. Methods: To select cultivars suitable for the transplanter, we compared varieties of Kimchi cabbage (Chukwang, Daetong, Whipalam and Namdo), head lettuce (Abi and Sensation), cabbage (YR Onnuri, YR Hogel, Harutama, and Ogane), and broccoli (Nicegreen and Earlyyou). To compare the effect of bed soil on root formation and growth, we used five types of soil: Chologi, Burger, Wonjomix, Bio, and Baroker with 2.6-3 L per tray. Growth increment and the degree of root formation were measured according to the RDA guidelines 25 days after sowing for Kimchi cabbage and head lettuce and 44 days after sowing for cabbage and broccoli. Conclusions: According to the plug tray, the optimum seedling age in both 128- and 200-hole trays was 28 days for Kimchi cabbage and 44 days for cabbage and broccoli. Head lettuce took 35 days in 128-hole trays and 31 days in 200-hole trays. Burger soil was most effective for root formation and growth of the four kinds of leafy vegetables; it appeared that smaller soil volume led to faster root formation.

Single- and repeated-dose 28-day oral toxicity study of MDM hydantoin in Sprague–Dawley rats

Won Hansol,Lee Jin Hee,Seok Ji-Hyun,Jung Kikyung,Yang Jun-Young,Jeong Jayoung,Lee Jong Kwon 한국독성학회 2021 Toxicological Research Vol.37 No.1

1-(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione (MDM hydantoin) is a commonly used antiseptic preservative in cosmetics. However, limited toxicity information data are available for this chemical. The aim of this study was to obtain toxicity data for MDM hydantoin through single- and repeated-dose toxicity studies in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. In the single-dose toxicity study, MDM hydantoin was administered once orally to SD rats at four doses (5, 50, 300, and 2000 mg/ kg/day). There was no significant difference in mortality, clinical signs, and body weight change for 14 days among the animals treated with the different doses in this study. Hence, the approximate lethal dose of MDM hydantoin was considered higher than 2000 mg/kg/day. Based on the results of the dose-range finding study, a 28-day repeated-dose oral toxicity study was conducted. MDM hydantoin was administered orally to SD rats at doses of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day throughout an experimental period of 28 days. In the repeated-dose oral toxicity study, the adverse effects caused by MDM hydantoin were not detected in terms of body weight, clinical signs, food and water intake, hematology, organ weights, gross pathology, and histopathology. Therefore, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of MDM hydantoin was considered to be greater than 1000 mg/kg/day.

Protective Activity Against Oxidative Stress of Plants Indigenous to Korea

Jung Myung Sun,Kang Kyoung Ah,Zhang Rui,Chae Sungwook,Yoo Byoung-Sam,Yang Young Taek,Lee Nam Ho,Park Jae Woo,Hyun Jin Won Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2005 Toxicological Research Vol.21 No.4

We have screened the cytoprotective effect against $H_2O_2$ and $\gamma-ray$ radiation induced oxidative stress from 32 Korean plants. Betula ermani var.saitoana (caulis, leaves), Rosa wichuraiana (caulis), Sorbus commixta (caulis), Weigela florida (leaves), Cirsium rhinoceros (whole plant), and Viburnum erosum (caulis) were found to scavenge 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). As a result, extracts of six plants reduced cell death of Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells induced by $H_2O_2$ treatment. In addition, these extracts protected cell death of V79-4 cells damaged by $\gamma-ray$ radiation. In addition, these extracts scavenged ROS generated by radiation. Taken together, the results suggest that Betula ermani var. saitoana, Rosa wichuraiana, Sorbus commixta, Weigela florida, Cirsium rhinoceros, and Vibumum erosum protect V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by radiation through scavenging ROS.