제한성 합리성과 적응적 사고

이상하 ( Sang Ha Lee ),김명식 ( Myung Sik Kim ),윤석주 ( Suk Joo Yoon ),정병훈 ( Byung Hoon Jeong ),조선희 ( Seon Hee Jo ),최홍수 ( Hong Soo Choe ) 한국과학철학회 2005 과학철학 Vol.8 No.2

Ever since the Enlightenment period, judgment, information representation, and actions were believed to be rational in the sense that they are carried out according to the universal rules and principles. It has been a belief that the standard rules that support the rationality of human judgment, reasoning, and decision-making can be restored to the principles of deductive logic or to algorithmic and probabilistic law. Such classical rationality is based on the idea of autonomy of reason that a certain system of knowledge can be established from individualistic viewpoint. The idea of classical rationality ignores the social and cultural origin on a mass level. However, since the 1970s, many inconsistencies have been observed between the rational norm of inference, judgment, decision and the real judgment of human. Especially, the study of cognitive science raised questions about the rationality of human reasoning and actions, by reporting many reasoning errors that failed to follow the logical rules. In these situations, G. Gigerenzer and his colleagues suggest the bounded rationality model. It is an effort to question the very idea of traditional rationality itself, and to figure out a new paradigm or model for rationality. They first reject many kinds of dichotomy-that is, the division of what is logical and psychological, formal and content, theoretical and practical, context of discovery and context of justification, biological and cultural-which serves as the foundation for classical rationality. After the elimination of dichotomy, they pay attention to the adaptive nature that is possessed by our human recognition. According to their study, human reasoning and actions are the result of adaptive thinking. Also, the rationality in the real world is ecological, bounded, social, and heuristic. Currently, bounded rationality is the topic for interdisciplinary study that is being established by the reflection of traditional rationality. The purpose of this essay is to examine the idea of bounded rationality, and to diagnose its potentials and limitations. For this purpose, the discussion in this essay shall develop as follows. First, we will define the idea and history of bounded rationality. Second, we will investigate the organistic relational model of judgment and information representation that the inseparability of judgment and ecological structure implies in bounded rationality. Here, a recognition model will be given based on the organistic relational model. Third, we will discover the clue to solve the problem of misconception by applying the organistic relational model of judgment and information representation to scientific education. Fourth, we will discuss the role of law, rule and norm that are applied to practical problem solving in coherence to bounded rationality. Finally, we will compare the traditional arguments of scientific rationality and the idea of bounded rationality, and indicate the limitations of bounded rationality.

蒸着法을 利用한 金屬蒸氣密度의 測定에 關하여

崔洪守,黃正男 慶尙大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

本 實驗에서는 表面이온化法이나 光學的方法 等 다른 방법에 비하여 훨씬 간단한 장치 및 기구를 사용하는 蒸着法에 의하여 Lithium, Sodium 및 Cadium의 증기밀도를 각 원소의 Melting Point이상의 고온에서 각각의 온도범위 673∼813K, 473∼543K, 453∼543K내에서 측정하였으며, 측정 결과치로 부터 금속증기 밀도의 절대온도관계는 2常數公式, log10 N=-A/T+B에 의하여 매우 근사하게 기술되어짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 2常數關係式에서 Lithium에 대한 A와 B값은 각각 6849K, 22.320로 구하여 졌고, Sodium에 대한 값은 각각 5186K, 23.403로, Cadium에 대한 값은 각각 5005K, 23.422로 구하여 졌다. The vapor density of Lithium, Sodium and Cadmium in the temperature range of 673∼813K, 473∼543K, and 453∼543K were measured by the vapor-deposition method. The experiments were performed with the vacuum system(∼10-5 Torr) containing an evaporation furnace and a sensing head for measuring the thickness of the thin film of the deposited material on the quartz plate attached to the sensing head. This sensing head was connected to the apparatus(Sloan Co. type. OMNI-Ⅱ) indicating the thickness of the thin film. The least-squares fitting of the points of the experimental results to the two-constant equation log10 N=-A/T_B yields A=6849K, B=22.320 for Lithium, A-5189K, B=23.403 for Sodium and A=5005K, B=23.422 for Cadmium, which is in good agreement with the results by the different methods.

晋州地區의 環境放射能에 關한 調査硏究 : 1. A case Study on Jinyang-Lake Where is a Source of Water-works in Jinju Area 第一報 上水道 水源인 晉陽湖를 中心으로

崔洪守,宋珍燮,金仁湖 慶尙大學校 1976 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

本 調査硏究는 放射能 汚染調査硏究가 되고 있지 않은 晉州地區(128.2'E., 35。8'N.)의 上水道 水源의 하나인 晉陽湖의 周違 全域에 걸쳐 土壤, 岩석, 流入地域 및 住宅家等地를 中心으로 試料를 採取하고 그로부터 放射能 物質과 落塵등에 依한 汚染度를 1次와 2次에 걸쳐서 반복해서 22個地點을 選定하여 그에서 水類試料를 採取하고 調査 測定에 임함과 아울러 勸告値와를 比較 考察하였다. 調査硏究의 結果에 依據할 때 全地域에 對한 放射能 測定値의 平均値는 1次時에는 약 0.865X10cu/cc로 나타났으며 2次時에는 약 0.695X10cu/cc를 보였고 採取地域別 最高値는 1次時에는 약 2.573ㅌ10(①가멧골), 2次時엔 약 2.322cu/cc⑥화촌동)으로 計測되었다. 한편 이들 測定値는 試料의 採取地域에 따라 多小의 差異는 나타나고 있었지만은 I.C.R.P.에 의한 下限勸告値와 U.S.N.B.S.의 最大許用濃度에는 모두 未達되는 값으로 나타나고 있어서 이들 地域은 放射能에 의한 汚染이 아직까지는 安全勸에 있다고 思料케 하였음을 報告하는 바이다. This report was shown the results of investigation for the radiation background in Jinju area and radio-activity in Jinyang lake which was the source of water-works in Jinju. The 22 spots surrougnded Jinyang-lake were selected for investigation and the reserch was carried out twice. The mean value of radioactivity in the area was about 0.865X10μcu/cc at the first time and about 0.695X10μcu/cc at the second time. The maximum radioactivity of the area was about 2.573X10μcu/cc of Gamekoll at the first time and about 2.322X10μcu/cc of Hwachon-dong. However, all values are lower than that of minimum permittable value of I.C.R.P. and U.S.N.B.S.

Shear場下에서의 超音波 吸收에 關한 硏究

崔圭晃,金仁湖,崔洪守 慶尙大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

According to the swarm theory of the nematic liquid crystals, ware investigated the ultrasonic attenuation phenomena under the strong external condition such as the shear, thermal and electric field. The experimental results were shown to be distinguishable from the normal conditions. The periodical curve representing the attenuation in the shear field was appeared as the sine curve. It was considered that these phenomena were due to the long molecules orientation effect.

樂器種에 따른 音色의 特性에 關한 波動學的 硏究 : 第一報. 伽倻琴과 파리를 中心으로 1. A Case study on Kaya-go's and Piri's Tone.

崔洪守,金仁湖,宋珍燮 慶尙大學校 1976 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The musical tones produced by Kaya-go (Korean twelve-stringed zither) and Piri(Korean oboe) were analyzed to determine the frequency of the fundamental tones and the sound spectrum which determines the timbre or characteristic quality. The results obtaiend were summarized as follows: (1) The wave-from and sound spectrum of the Kaya-go's tones was varied continuously with time. Consequently the tone quality was also varied continuously with time and their decaying rate was larger for lower notes. (2) For lower notes the amplitude of some partial tones was larger than that of the fundamental tone, immediately after plucking a string. Some higher harmonics were louder than the lower ones at innitial instant. But the amplitude of a fundamental tone was much larger than that of the harmonics after a very short time intercal. (3) The wave-form and sound spectrum of Piri's tones were unvaried with time and cosequently the tone quality was also. For lower notes the amplitude of the harmonics tended to be larger, for higher notes it tended to be smaller. (4) In the sound spectrum of Piri's tones the even harmonics were absent and only the odd harmonics were presernt. This fact means that the modes of vibration of the air culumn in the piri's pipe are the same as those in teh closed pipe.