발표논문초록 : 포스터 발표 ; 인체 유즙단백질 Lactoferrin 을 생산하는 형질전환 딸기 개발

조혜선,유장렬 한국식물생명공학회 ( 구 한국식물조직배양학회 ) 1996 한국식물생명공학회 춘계학술연구발표회 Vol.1996 No.-

Effects of tonal distance and speech rate in the phonetic realization of Kinande H tones

조혜선 한국음운론학회 2013 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.19 No.3

The effects of time pressure in the realization of the fall and the rise between H tones in Kinande are examined, through a production study of one Kinande speaker. Phonetic realization of tonal languages such as Kinande is relatively less studied, though their phonological patterns have been more studied. Two types of time pressure of different nature are tested: tonal distance (phonological) and speech rate (phonetic). For the former, the number of syllables between two H tones is varied from zero to three. For the latter, speech rate is varied among fast, normal, and slow rates. The two types of time pressure showed similar effects in some respects, e.g., reduction in pitch magnitude under time pressure, relatively consistent slope of the fall. There were also differences in the effects of two types of pressure: the slope of the rise becomes steeper in closer tonal distance, but it becomes shallower in faster speech. Overall, alignment is less affected than pitch magnitude, under both types of time pressure. This suggests that in a tonal language such as Kinande, where tones are contrastive, tonal alignment is important to maintain than pitch magnitude.

Compression and truncation: The case of Seoul Korean accentual phrase

조혜선,에드워드 플레밍 한국음운론학회 2015 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.21 No.2

Compression and truncation are two general strategies adopted by languages in realizing tonal melodies in the face of time pressure. Compression involves adjustment of the phonetic details of tone realization to fit a tone sequence in the time available, while truncation involves deletion of a phonological tone, reducing a melody to fit the segmental material with which it must be associated. Seoul Korean appears to show truncation of tones in response to time pressure resulting from fast speech rate: the Accentual Phrase (AP) is canonically marked by a rise-fall-rise melody (LHLH), but at fast speech rates, APs can be realized with a rising F0 contour. Categorical tone deletion conditioned by speech rate would be theoretically significant because it would imply that a phonological operation can be conditioned by utterance-specific phonetic detail. However, analysis of the realization of the AP melody across a range of speech rates provides evidence that the apparent deletion of tones is actually the end result of compressing the final HLH sequence into such a short interval that the low tone is completely undershot and the two high tones are effectively merged. This analysis illustrates the general point that it is not possible to determine what phonological representation gave rise to a particular phonetic form without explicit analysis of the process of phonetic implementation.

성별 분리와 가치 차별에 대한 다층분석

조혜선 한국노동연구원 2002 노동정책연구 Vol.2 No.3

인종간, 성별 격차와 같은 구조적 효과가 지속되면서 노동시장이 완전경쟁시장이라는 경제학 가정이 현실적으로 적합한 설명인가에 강한 의문점이 제기되었다. 그러나 성별 분리와 관련하여 구조적 문제를 경험적 분석에 본격적으로 도입한 연구는 여전히 많지 않다. 이에 본 연구는 개인적 차원에서 나타나는 ‘직업내 차이’와 구조적 차원에서 나타나는 ‘직업간 차이’를 동시적으로 고려하는 다층분석을 통해 노동자들이 공유하는 직업이라는 구조적 맥락의 존재와 그 효과에 대하여 경험적 자료를 사용하여 직접 확인하고자 하는 목적을 가진다. 1996년 ‘경활자료’와 ‘동아시아자료’를 재구성한 자료에 대한 분석 결과 첫째, 개별적 노동자들이 받는 보상에 대하여 단계적으로 모델을 검토한 바 직업이라는 구조적 맥락과 그 특성들은 설명력을 증가시키는 유의미한 요인이었다. 둘째, 직업간 차이는 기술 정도, 업무 순환성, 시간 유동성, 직업내 여성 비율 등 직업특성을 통해 설명되었다. 셋째, 인적자본 등 개인적 특성들은 직업 특성들과 상호작용하여 그 효과를 나타내고 있다. 특히 성별 업무 분리의 지표로서 활용된 직업내 여성 비율은 기술적 요인을 통제한 후에도 지속적으로 유의미한 효과를 나타내고 있어 직업이라는 구조적인 수준에서 작용하는 성별 분리가 남녀 보상에 체계적으로 차이를 유발하는 요인이라는 점을 밝히고 있다. 이는 여성들의 경제적 참여에 있어서 질적인 향상을 도모하기 위해서는 노동시장의 구조적 문제를 제도적 수준에서 해결할 정책 입안의 필요성을 시사한다.

Variation in vowel duration depending on voicing in American, British, and New Zealand English

조혜선 한국음성학회 2016 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.8 No.3

It is well known that vowels are shorter before voiceless consonants than voiced ones in English, as in many other languages. Research has shown that the ratio of vowel durations in voiced and voiceless contexts in English is in the range of 0.6~0.8. However, little work has been done as to whether the ratio of vowel durations varies depending on English variety. In the production experiment in this paper, seven speakers from three varieties of English, New Zealand, British, and American English, read 30 pairs of (C)VC monosyllabic words which differ in coda voicing (e.g. beat-bead). Vowel height, phonemic vowel length, and consonant manner were varied as well. As expected, vowel-shortening effects were found in all varieties: vowels were shorter before voiceless than before voiced codas. Overall vowel duration was the longest in American English and the shortest in New Zealand (NZ) English. In particular, vowel duration before voiceless codas is the shortest in New Zealand English, indicating the most radical degree of shortening in this variety. As a result, the ratio of vowel durations in varying voicing contexts is the lowest in NZ English, while American and British English do not show a significant difference each other. In addition, consonant closure duration was examined. Whereas NZ speakers show the shortest vowel duration before a voiceless coda, their voiceless consonants have the longest closure duration, which suggest an inverse relationship between vowel duration and closure duration.

The tonal timing and shape of the English L+H* pitch accent

조혜선 한국음운론학회 2011 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.17 No.2

This paper examines the timing of tonal targets in the English L+H* pitch accent. It has been shown that the tonal targets in English are aligned with respect to certain segmental landmarks (Ladd et al. 1999, Dilley et al. 2005). The effects of segmental anchoring are re-examined in this paper. We replicate the basic effect, but also find that the tones systematically deviate from their alignment points, so that the rise starts earlier and terminates later under time pressure. Considering this to be evidence for a target duration, we propose that both segmental alignment and target duration simultaneously affect the timing of L and H tones that comprise the L+H* pitch accent in English. The proposed model takes these two factors as weighted constraints (Flemming 2001). In this model, the actual timing of tonal targets is determined by the interaction of the alignment and duration constraints. The model parameters, the constraint weights and target duration, are obtained by fitting the proposed model to the actual data. The extended model with slope, magnitude, and alignment targets (Cho and Flemming 2011) is also applied to our experimental data. The results in this paper suggest that the phonetic realization grammar of the English L+H* pitch accent must specify for not only the alignment of tonal targets but also the target slope and magnitude of the rise.

Dispersion in the English Lexicon: contrasts in phonetic vowel duration

조혜선 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2015 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.67

This paper shows that English CVC words exist in a way that maximizes perceptibility of phonetic vowel duration contrasts. In English CVC words there can be four degrees of vowel duration contrasts depending on phonemic vowel length and voicing of the coda consonant: Long vowels followed by a voiced or voiceless consonant (LD, LT), short vowels followed by a voiced or voiceless consonant (SD, ST). The vowel duration decreases in the following order: LD>SD≥LT>ST. The present paper examines 220 monosyllabic CVC words from the CMU pronouncing dictionary. There is a tendency to avoid less distinctive durational contrasts such as SD-LT. A phonotactics learning simulation shows that there is a dispreferrence against SD sequences. The pattern of contrasts is analyzed using MinDist constraints on contrasts.

The Pragmatics of Anaphora

조혜선 동국대학교 대학원 1991 연구논집 Vol.21 No.-

초음파와 자기공명영상으로 진단한 횡행 이소성 고환: 증례 보고

조혜선,김용우,최석진,차성숙 대한영상의학회 2007 대한영상의학회지 Vol.56 No.1

Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare congenital anomaly in which both testes migrate toward the same hemiscrotum. In most cases, the correct diagnosis is not made preoperatively, but it's made during an inguinal herniotomy or during surgical exploration for an undescended testis because TTE is clinically misdiagnosed as an symptomatic inguinal hernia or as a tumor of the testis on the side to which the ectopic testis has migrated or as an undescended testis on the contralateral side. US and MR imaging can detect the transverse testicular ectopia by its characteristic appearance and so provide useful information about any associated anomalies. We report here on a case of transverse testicular ectopia that was diagnosed by US and MR imaging in a 10-month-old boy, and we review the relevant literature. 횡행 이소성 고환은 양쪽 고환이 하나의 음낭에 있는 드문 선천적 기형이다. 임상적으로 이소성 고환이 있는 부위는 증상이 있는 서혜부 탈장이나 종괴로, 반대쪽은 잠복 고환으로 오인되기 때문에 수술 전 정확한 진단이 이루어지지 않고, 탈장 수술이나 잠복 고환의 수술적 진찰(surgical exploration) 도중에 진단이 되는 경우가 많다. 그러나 횡행 이소성 고환은 특징적인 영상 소견으로 쉽게 진단이 가능하며, 초음파나 자기공명영상으로 동반 기형도 확인할 수 있다. 저자들은 10개월 남아에서 초음파와 자기공명영상 소견으로 진단된 횡행 이소성 고환 증례를 보고하며 문헌을 고찰하고자 한다.

이중언어교육환경에서의 조선어문교수에 대한 연구

조혜선 길림성민족사무위원회 2006 중국조선어문 Vol.144 No.-