2008년 중앙일보 신인문학상 - 정상혁

정상혁 고요아침 2008 시조시학 Vol.- No.-

학교 건강증진 사업을 위한 사회생태학적 모형의 이론적 접근

정상혁,윤희상 한국학교・지역보건교육학회 2006 한국학교지역보건교육학회지 Vol.7 No.1

지역사회 진단사업과 발전방향

정상혁 關東大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1997 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.1 No.1

The community medicine has been developed from the latter half of the 1960's. The most important parts of community medicine are community medicine are community diagnosis. This study was designed for the porpose of review and recommendation of the health policies of community diagnosis. The major results of this study are as follows. 1) Reset the goals and objectives of community health center. 2) Community diagnosis is excuted by present community health center manpower. 3) National Government must generate the data of community level. 4) Communith diagnosis carry out according to specific goals and objectibes. 5) Communith diagnosis needs standardization. 6) Computerization of process is essential part in communith diagnosis. 7) Community diagnosis must execute periodically and then modify the goals and obfectives.

IEEE 802.11n 무선랜 표준용 LDPC 복호기의 최적 설계조건 분석

정상혁,나영헌,신경욱,Jung, Sang-Hyeok,Na, Young-Heon,Shin, Kyung-Wook 한국정보통신학회 2010 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.14 No.4

IEEE 802.11n 무선 랜 표준의 채널 부호화 방법 중 하나인 LDPC(Low-Density Parity-Check) 부호는 오류정정 성능이 매우 우수하나 복호기 회로의 복잡도가 커서 복호성능과 하드웨어 복잡도 사이의 trade-off 관계를 고려한 설계가 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 최소합 알고리듬(Min-Sum Algorithm; MSA) 기반 LDPC 복호기에서 LLR(Log-Likelihood Ratio) 근사화가 복호성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 이를 통해 LDPC 복호기의 최적 설계조건을 도출하였다. IEEE 802.11n 무선 랜 표준의 블록길이 1,944 비트, 부호화율 1/2의 LDPC 패리티 검사 행렬과 최소합 기반의 반복복호 알고리듬을 적용하여 LLR 근사화에 따른 비트오율(BER) 성능을 분석하였다. $BER=10^{-3}$에 대해 LLR 비트 폭 (6,4)와 (7,5)의 $E_b/N_o$는 0.62 dB의 차이를 보였으며, 최대 반복복호 횟수 6과 7에 대한 $E_b/N_o$의 차이는 약 0.3 dB로 나타났다. 시뮬레이션 결과로부터, LLR 근사화 비트 폭이 (7,5)이고 반복복호 횟수가 7인 경우에 가장 우수한 비트오율 성능을 나타내었다. The LDPC(Low-Density Parity-Check) code, which is one of the channel encoding methods in IEEE 802.11n wireless LAN standard, has superior error-correcting capabilities. Since the hardware complexity of LDPC decoder is high, it is very important to take into account the trade-offs between hardware complexity and decoding performance. In this paper, the effects of LLR(Log-Likelihood Ratio) approximation on the performance of MSA(Min-Sum Algorithm)-based LDPC decoder are analyzed, and some optimal design conditions are derived. The parity check matrix with block length of 1,944 bits and code rate of 1/2 in IEEE 802.11n WLAN standard is used. In the case of $BER=10^{-3}$, the $E_b/N_o$ difference between LLR bit-widths (6,4) and (7,5) is 0.62 dB, and $E_b/N_o$ difference for iteration cycles 6 and 7 is 0.3 dB. The simulation results show that optimal BER performance can be achieved by LLR bit-width of (7,5) and iteration cycle of 7.

혈압 및 혈관손상에 대한 Candesartan과 Cilnidipine의 병용투여 효능 평가

정상혁,한주희,명창선 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of candesartan combined with cilnidipine on high blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) and vascular injury induced by cuff-placed neointimal hyperplasia model. To measure blood pressure, low and high doses of candesartan (0.765 and 1.53 mg/kg/day) and cilnidipine (0.96 and 1.92 mg/kg/day) alone or in combination were orally administered in telemetered-SHRs for 2 weeks. To examine the protective action of vascular injury, high doses of candesartan (1.53 mg/kg/day) and cilnidipine (1.92 mg/kg/day) alone or in combination was orally administered for 2 weeks in cuff-induced neointimal hyperplasia model of C56BL/6 mice. As a result, high doses of candesartan and cilnidipine in combination decreased in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) as compared with monotherapy of high dose of each drug, but not statistically significant. In vascular injury model, candesartan and cilnidipine in combination decreased BrdU-positive cells in neointima and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation as compared with monotheray of each drug. Thus, these results indicate that the combination of candesartan with cilnidipine is effective for the protection of vascular injury, suggesting this combination to be a valuable tool for the management of vascular remodelling such as restenosis.

의료전달체계 정책효과 분석

정상혁,김한중,Jung, Sang-Hyuk,Kim, Han-Joong 대한예방의학회 1995 예방의학회지 Vol.28 No.1

A new medical delivery system which regulated outpatient department(OPD) use from tertiary care hospitals was adopted in 1989. Under the new system, patients using tertiary care hospital OPD without referral slip from clinics or hospitals could not get any insurance benefit for the services received from the tertiary care hospital. This study was conducted to evaluate the Patient Referral System(PRS) with respect to health care expenditures and utilization. Two data sets were used in this study. One was monthly data set(from January 1986 to December 1992) from the Annual Report of Korea Medical Insurance Corporation(KMIC). The other was monthly joint data set composed of personal data of which 10% were selected randomly with their utilization data of KMIC from January 1988 to December 1992. The data were analyzed by time-series intervention model of SAS-ETS. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was no statistically significant changes in per capita expenditures following PRS. 2. Utilization episodes per capita was increased statistically significantly after implementation of PRS. The use of clinics and hospitals increased significantly, whereas in tertiary care hospitals the use decreased significantly immediately after implementation of PRS and increased afterwards. 3. Follow-up visits per episode were decreased statistically significantly after implementation of PRS. The decrease of follow-up visits per episode were remarkable in clinics and hospitals, whereas in tertiary care hospitals it was increased significantly after implementation of PRS. 4. There was no statistically significant changes in prescribing days per episode following PRS. Futhermore, clinics and hospitals showed a statistically significant decrease in prescribing days per episode, whereas in tertiary care hospital it showed statistically significant increase after implementation of PRS. 5. Except high income class, the use of tertiary care hospitals showed statistically significant decrease after implementation of PRS. The degree of decrease in the use of tertiary care hospitals was inversely proportional to income. These results suggest that the PRS policy was not efficient because per capita expenditures did not decrease, and was not effective because utilization episodes per capita, follow-up visits per episode. and prescribing days per episode were not predictable and failed to show proper utilization. It was somewhat positive that utilization episodes per capita were decreased temporarily in tertiary care hospitals. And PRS policy was not appropriate because utilization episodes per capita was different among income groups. In conclusion, the PRS should be revised for initial goal attainment of cost containment and proper health care utilization.

의사인력 수급추계 방법론 비교

丁相赫 관동대학교 1998 關大論文集 Vol.26 No.2

When we study the balance of supply and demand of physician manpower, it is very important that we select the model design and set the assumption. If we choice the model and the assumption inappropriately, we can't estimate the proper value. Moreover if a policy maker adopts an inadequate physician manpower plan based on the incorrect value, we waste resources and also the national medical cost increases rapidly. This study is designed for the purpose of analyzing the studies that have been conducted since 1990. Those studies are used the method based on demand estimation among the balance studies of supply and demand of medical manpower. We analyze the five studies as the two stages. In the first stage, we analyze the demand and supply, and in second we analyze the models and assumptions. There is no adequate study considering the all aspects among the five studies. We conclude that it is important that we select practice assumption in the supply side and demand model setting and patient numbers per physician assumption in the demand side.

러시아 하이브리드 전쟁의 군사적 분석 : 크림반도 군사작전을 중심으로

정상혁 육군군사연구소 2020 군사연구 Vol.- No.149

2014년 3월 크림반도를 인명피해가 거의 없는 가운데 합병에 성공한 러시아의 새로운 전쟁수행방식을 서방에서는 ‘하이브리드 전쟁(Hybrid War)’으로 규정하고 있다. 선전포고 없이 국가가 동원할 것이라 생각하기 어려운 다양한 비정규부대와 범죄조직을 은밀히 혼합하여 활용하는 러시아의 전쟁방식을 두고 서양에서는 경악했고 학계에서는 그 효과에 주목했다. 특히 여러 가지 전쟁수행 수단을 혼합함으로서 나타나는 효과인 모호성(Ambiguity)은 국제정치학에서 주목하는 하이브리드 전쟁의 핵심적인 효과였다. 그러나 상대적으로 군사사적인 관점에서의 하이브리드 전쟁 연구는 미흡하였다고 볼 수 있다. 전장에서의 생산적인 대응방안 논의를 위해서는 전쟁사적인 관점에서 러시아의 전쟁수행방식을 분석할 필요가 있다. 즉, 다양한 전쟁수행 수단들과 이로 인한 효과인 모호성에 주목하는 국제정치학적 측면만이 아니라 시·공간적 상호작용을 중심으로 분석하는 군사사적인 측면을 면밀히 살펴볼 필요가 있는 것이다. 크림반도에서의 군사작전은 ‘여건조성→중요시설 장악→기정사실화→전쟁종결/안정화’의 각 단계별로 이루어졌다. ‘모호성’이 정치적 정책결정자들의 위협 인식을 위해 필요하다면 하이브리드 전쟁의 군사적 분석은 전장에서의 전략가·전술가들을 위해 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 크림반도 군사작전은 하이브리드 전쟁이 가장 주목받게 되는 계기였으며 하이브리드 전쟁의 대표적인 사례로서 분석할 만한 가치가 있다. 또한 북한 역시 다양한 비대칭 전쟁수단들을 바탕으로 하이브리드 전쟁을 수행할 가능성이 있다는 점을 고려할 때, 이를 분석하고 군사적 함의를 도출하는 것은 의미 있는 작업이라고 할 수 있다. The purpose of this study is analyzing Hybrid Warfare in the Ukraine War focusing on the military operation in the Crimea. Existing study about Hybrid warfare is to analyze the ambiguity which is revealed by using multiple means of warfare such as conventional troops, unconventional unit, terrorist and the criminal groups from the view of the international politics or international law. But it is needed to assess ways about simultaneousness and fusion of war organization which is creating synchronization in the war. In order to study this military aspects, it was necessary to analyze the progress of military operation by the time and space. After analysis, it is possible to get some practical lessons. In this case-study, I will apply four phase of the operation in the Crimea. "shaping→seizure of the key area→fait accompli→ending/stabilizing" Each phase is related to each other closely from the concept of the Hybrid Warfare. Also, this article will help developing strategy or tactics based on the military aspect.

논문 : 지역사회 진단사업과 발전방향

정상혁 관동대학교 1997 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.1 No.1

6‧25전쟁 초기 북한군 도하작전의 실패요인 연구 - 한강 도하 사례를 중심으로 -

정상혁 국방부군사편찬연구소 2019 군사 Vol.- No.110

The purpose of this study is analysing failure factors of the Han-River crossing operations conducted by North Korean troops in the early stage of Korean war. Commonly, there are two factors of the failure based on the strategic and operational level. Firstly, they didn't chase Korean Army in Seoul, so they couldn't secure bridges on the Han-River. Secondly, they had not enough river-crossing equipments suitable for Korean terrain. But it is difficult to explain all aspects of unsuccessful operation. So it was necessary to assess tactical level of North Korean troops during conduct of operations. In the initial phase, they weren't prepared well for the reconnaissance, infiltration, deception and fire support of the river-crossing operation, especially in Han-River. After the Han-River battle, the North Korean troops accomplished some improvement in the tactical capability such as Kum-River crossing operation. But, it was too late for achieving objective of the Korean War. Consequently, in order to understand Han-River crossing operation, we have to analyze strategic, operational and tactical level of conduct of river crossing operation together. 북한군은 국군의 한강선 방어를 허용했기 때문에 작전목표였던 국군의 주력을 섬멸하는데 실패했다. 전쟁 전반을 통틀어 북한의 가장 결정적인 실수 가운데 하나는 신속히 한강을 도하하는데 실패한 것이다. 그러나 유사한 상황이었음에도 북한군은 금강 도하작전은 매우 성공적으로 수행했다. 교량이 파괴되고 도하장비도 부족했던 동일한 상황에서 북한군의 금강 도하는 성공적으로 완수된 반면한강 도하에 실패했던 것을 어떻게 설명해야 할까? 기존 연구에서 주목하는 한강 교량 점령 실패나 도하장비의 부족은 군사전략 및 작전술 차원의 실패요인이었으며 이것으로 인해 전쟁목표 달성에 실패하고 진격속도가 저하되었다. 실질적으로 개별적인 도하작전의 성패는 전술적 능력에 의해 결정되었다. 전쟁 이전 북한군은 소련군의 교범을 번역하여 우수한 교리를 보유했지만 실제 이를 체득할 시간이 부족했다. 또한 도하에 필요한 주요장비는 부족했을 뿐만 아니라 늦게 도착했기 때문에 이를 운용해 볼 시간이 부족했고 도하훈련 역시도 실전을 고려하지 않고 행정적으로 수행되었다. 결국 북한군은 전쟁 초기의 도하작전 준비가 부족했다. 한강 도하에서 북한군은 승리를 위한 결정적인 기회를 상실했다. 김포 방면의 6사단과 서울 방면의 3사단, 4사단, 105전차사단은 각각 6일, 8일 지연됨으로써 전쟁목표를 달성하는데 실패했다. 소련군의 도하작전 교리에서 강조된 정찰, 침투, 기만, 화력지원, 제병협동 등의 전술적 원칙들은 한강에서 전혀 실현되지 않았다. 한강 도하에서의 실패를 교훈으로 삼아 북한군은 전술적인 과오를 개선했지만 이미 결정적인 승리의 기회를 상실한 뒤였다.