반복핵이식에 의한 복제동물 생산에 관한 연구 II. 토끼에서 공핵배의 세포주기 조절에 의한 제2세대 복제배의 생산효율 개선

이효종,전병균,박충생,최상용,윤창현,강대진 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 1995 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.10 No.1

large scale production of cloned embryos requires the technology of multiple generation nuclear transplantation(NT) using NT embryos as the subsequent donor nuclei. The purposes of this study were producing the second generation cloned rabbit embryos, and also to determine the electrofusion rate and in vitro developmental potential comparatively in the cloned embryos of the first and second NT generation. The embryos of 16-cell stage were collected from the mated does by flushing oviducts with Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline(D-PBS) containing 10% fetal calf serum(FCS) at 47 hours after hCG injection In the first generation NT, the nuclear donor embryos were synchronized in the phase of Gi /S transition of 32-cell stage. The first generation NT embryos which were developed to 8-cell were synchronized in Gi /S transition phase of the following 16-cell stage and used as donor nuclei for second generation Synchronization of the cell cycle of blastomeres was induced, first, using an inhibitor of microtuble polymerization, colcemid for 10 hours to arrest blastomeres in M phase, and secondly, using a DNA synthesis inhibitor, aphidicolin for 1.5 to 2 hours to arrest them in Gi /S transition boundary. The recipient cytoplasms were obtained by removing the nucleus and the first polar body from the oocytes collected at 14 hours after hCG injection. The separated donor blastomeres were injected into the enucleated recipient oocytes by micromanipulation and were electrofused by electrical stimulation of three pulses for 60 $\mu$sec at 1.25 kV /cm in 0.28 M rnannitol solution The fused oocytes were co-cultured with a monolayer of rabbit oviductal epithelial cells in M-199 solution containing 10% FCS for 120 hours at 39$^{\circ}C$ in a 5% $CO_2$ incubator. Following in vitro culture of the first and second generation cloned embryos to blastocyst stage, they were stained with Hoechst 33342 dye for counting the number of blastomeres by fluorescence microscopy. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The electrofusion rate was found to be similar as 79.4 and 91.5% in the first and second generation NT rabbit embryos, respectively. 2. The in vitro developmental potential to blastocyst stage of the second generation NT embryos (23.3%) was found significantly(p<0.05) lower, compared with that of the first generation NT embryos (56.8%). 3. The mean blastomeres counts of embryos developed to blastosyst stage following in vitro culture for 120 hours and also their daily cell cycles during the culture period were decreased significantly (p<0.05) to 104.3 cells and 1.33 cylces in the second NT generation, compoared with 210.4 cells and 1.54 cycles in the first NT generation, respectively.

난소적출 쥐 자궁에서 Estradiol-17β 및 Tamoxien 이 Ribonucleic Acid 합성에 미치는 영향

이효종 경상대학교 축산진흥연구소 1983 畜産振興硏究所報 Vol.10 No.1

질감을 이용한 차량모델 인식 알고리즘

이효종,Lee Hyo Jong 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.12 No.3

The number of vehicles are rapidly increased as our society is developed. The vehicle recognition has been studied for a while because many people acknowledged it has critical functions to solve the problems of traffic control or vehicle-related crimes. In this paper a novel method is proposed to recognize vehicle models corresponding makers. Vehicles' models are recognized based on the texture parameters from segmented radiator region above a number plate. A three-layer neural network was built and trained with the texture features for recognition. The proposed method shows $93.7\%$ of recognition rate and $99.7\%$ of specificity for vehicles' model. 사회가 발전하면서 자동차의 수요도 세계적으로 급증하고 있다. 교통제어나 차량에 연관된 범죄 둥을 해결하는데 자동차의 인식 기술이 중요하기 때문에 이에 관련된 번호판 인식이나 교통량 측정에 관한 연구는 오래 전부터 수행되어왔다. 본 논문에서는 주행차량의 제조회사와 차량 모델을 인식하는 방법을 제시하였다. 차종의 인식은 차량 전면부 영역의 질감을 이용하여 인식하였다. 번호판 상단의 라디에이터 영역에서 질감 특징자를 추출하여 신경망을 통한 차종별 학습을 시켜서 인식을 시도하였다. 제안 알고리즘에서 차종의 정인식은 $93.7\%$, 이종차량의 감별은 $99.7\%$로 양호하게 나타났다.

히스토그램 보간에 의한 영상 검색

이효종,Lee, Hyo-Jong 한국정보처리학회 2002 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.9 No.5

영상의 색상 정보는 비슷한 영상들의 유사도를 효과적으로 측정하는데 사용된다. 그러나, 색상정보의 크기는 영상 데이터베이스에서 효율적으로 다루기에는 너무나 방대하다. 본 논문에서는 히스토그램 보간법에 의하여 유사한 영상들을 검색하는 새로운 방법을 제시한다 알고리즘의 기본 원리는 색상 히스토그램의 분포를 이용하여 영상을 검색하는 기존 방법에서 출발한다. 그러나, 질의 영상과 대상 영상과의 유사도를 결정하는데 있어서 보간법에 의하여 히스토그램의 분포도를 간략화 시킨다는 근본적인 차이를 가지고 있다. 색상 히스토그램의 분포는 최적 차수의 다항식으로 보간되어서 표현되었다. 히스토그램의 분포가 보간된 후에는 저차원 다항식의 계수들만이 색상 구분자로서 데이터베이스에 저장되고 검색하는데 활용될 수 있다. 제안된 방법은 실제 영상들에 적용되었으며 만족할 만한 결과를 보여주고 있다. A set of color features has been efficiently used to measure the similarity of given images. However, the size of the color features is too large to implement an indexing scheme effectively. In this paper a new method is proposed to retrieve similar images using an interpolated color histogram. The idea is similar to the already reported methods that use the distributions of color histograms. The new method is different in that simplified color histograms decide the similarity between a query image and target images. In order to represent the distribution of the color histograms, the best order of interpolated polynomial has been simulated. After a histogram distribution is represented in a polynomial form, only a few number of polynomial coefficients are indexed and stored in a database as a color descriptor. The new method has been applied to real images and achieved satisfactory results.

질감을 이용한 차량모델 인식 알고리즘

이효종 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.12 No.3

사회가 발전하면서 자동차의 수요도 세계적으로 급증하고 있다. 교통제어나 차량에 연관된 범죄 등을 해결하는데 자동차의 인식 기술이 중요하기 때문에 이에 관련된 번호판 인식이나 교통량 측정에 관한 연구는 오래 전부터 수행되어왔다. 본 논문에서는 주행차량의 제조회사와 차량 모델을 인식하는 방법을 제시하였다. 차종의 인식은 차량 전면부 영역의 질감을 이용하여 인식하였다. 번호판 상단의 라디에이터 영역에서 질감 특징자를 추출하여 신경망을 통한 차종별 학습을 시켜서 인식을 시도하였다. 제안 알고리즘에서 차종의 정인식은 93.7%, 이종차량의 감별은 99.7%로 양호하게 나타났다. The number of vehicles are rapidly increased as our society is developed. The vehicle recognition has been studied for a while because many people acknowledged it has critical functions to solve the problems of traffic control or vehicle-related crimes. In this paper a novel method is proposed to recognize vehicle models corresponding makers. Vehicles' models are recognized based on the texture parameters from segmented radiator region above a number plate. A three-layer neural network was built and trained with the texture features for recognition. The proposed method shows 93.7% of recognition rate and 99.7% of specificity for vehicles' model.

핵이식에 의한 유전자전환 수정란의 복제

이효종 경상대학교 동물의학연구소 1996 동물면역연구소보 Vol.5 No.-

신경 회로망을 이용한 단일 링크의 유연한 매니퓰레이터의 위치제어

이효종,최영길,전홍태,장태규 제어로봇시스템학회 1990 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.1990 No.10

돼지 난포내 난모세포의 체외성숙에 대하여

이효종,박미희 경상대학교 축산진흥연구소 1992 畜産振興硏究所報 Vol.19 No.1

반복핵이식에 의한 복제동물 생산에 관한 연구 2. 토끼에서 공핵배의 세포주기 조절에 의한 제2세대 복제배의 생산효율 개선

이효종,전병균,박충생,최상용,윤창현,강대진 韓國受精卵移植學會 1995 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.10 No.1

large scale production of cloned embryos requires the technology of multiple generation nuclear transplantation(NT) using NT embryos as the subsequent donor nuclei. The purposes of this study were producing the second generation cloned rabbit embryos, and also to determine the electrofusion rate and in vitro developmental potential comparatively in the cloned embryos of the first and second NT generation. The embryos of 16-cell stage were collected from the mated does by flushing oviducts with Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline(D-PBS) containing 10% fetal calf serum(FCS) at 47 hours after hCG injection In the first generation NT, the nuclear donor embryos were synchronized in the phase of Gi /S transition of 32-cell stage. The first generation NT embryos which were developed to 8-cell were synchronized in Gi /S transition phase of the following 16-cell stage and used as donor nuclei for second generation Synchronization of the cell cycle of blastomeres was induced, first, using an inhibitor of microtuble polymerization, colcemid for 10 hours to arrest blastomeres in M phase, and secondly, using a DNA synthesis inhibitor, aphidicolin for 1.5 to 2 hours to arrest them in Gi /S transition boundary. The recipient cytoplasms were obtained by removing the nucleus and the first polar body from the oocytes collected at 14 hours after hCG injection. The separated donor blastomeres were injected into the enucleated recipient oocytes by micromanipulation and were electrofused by electrical stimulation of three pulses for 60 sec at 1.25 kV /cm in 0.28 M rnannitol solution The fused oocytes were co-cultured with a monolayer of rabbit oviductal epithelial cells in M-199 solution containing 10% FCS for 120 hours at 39 in a 5% incubator. Following in vitro culture of the first and second generation cloned embryos to blastocyst stage, they were stained with Hoechst 33342 dye for counting the number of blastomeres by fluorescence microscopy. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The electrofusion rate was found to be similar as 79.4 and 91.5% in the first and second generation NT rabbit embryos, respectively. 2. The in vitro developmental potential to blastocyst stage of the second generation NT embryos (23.3%) was found significantly(p<0.05) lower, compared with that of the first generation NT embryos (56.8%). 3. The mean blastomeres counts of embryos developed to blastosyst stage following in vitro culture for 120 hours and also their daily cell cycles during the culture period were decreased significantly (p<0.05) to 104.3 cells and 1.33 cylces in the second NT generation, compoared with 210.4 cells and 1.54 cycles in the first NT generation, respectively.

반복핵이식에 의한 복제동물 생산에 관한 연구 1 : 토끼 수핵난자의 전기자극에 의한 활성화

이효종,최민철,최상용,박충생,윤창현,강대진 韓國受精卵移植學會 1993 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.8 No.2

The present study was undertaken to determine the optimal condition for parthenogenetic activation of rabbit oocytes by electric stimulation in vitro in an attempt to develop nuclear transplantation techniques for cloning mammalian embryos and animals. Freshly ovulated oocytes were collected from superovulated rabbits from 13 to 26 hrs. after hCG injection. The cumulus-free oocytes were activated parthenogetically by repeated stimuli of square direct electric pulses in O.3M mannitol solution. After applying electric stimulations of different voltages, pulse durations and pulse times, all of the oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 with 10% FCS for 96 hours in a 5% incubator, and their developmental potential in vitro was examined. The higher activation rate (68.9%) was achieved at the voltage of 2.0kv/cm, the pulse duration of 60 sec and three pulse times and the activation rate of 100% was achieved at the pulse duration of 100 and 200 sec, the voltage of 1.5kv/cm and three pulse times. Although the higher rates of activation of oocytes were achieved at 100 and 200 sec, none of them developed to blastocyst in vitro. The oocytes collected 18~20 hours post hCG injection showed the highest rate of activation and development to blastocyst in vitro than the oocytes collected 13~15 or 25~26 hours post hCG injection. Therefore, it can be suggested that the application of electric stimulation of 2.0kv/cm, 60 sec and three pulse times to the oocytes collected at 18~20 hours post hCG injection would be more beneficial for the parthenogenetic activation of oocytes in rabbits.