The Molecular Insight into the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Cancer: Angiogenesis and Metastasis

이한나,서채은,정미숙,장세복 한국생명과학회 2024 생명과학회지 Vol.34 No.2

This review discusses the pivotal role of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, vital processes influencing vascular permeability, endothelial cell recruitment, and the maintenance of tumor-associated blood and lymphatic vessels. VEGF exerts its effects through tyrosine-kinase receptors, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3. This VEGF-VEGFR system is central not only to cancer but also to diseases arising from abnormal blood vessel and lymphatic vessel formation. In the context of cancer, VEGF and its receptors are essential for the development of tumor-associated vessels, making them attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Various approaches, such as anti-VEGF antibodies, receptor antagonists, and VEGF receptor function inhibitors, are being explored to interfere with tumor growth. However, the clinical efficacy of anti-angiogenic agents remains uncertain and necessitates further refinement. The article also highlights the physiological role of VEGFs, emphasizing their involvement in endothelial cell functions, survival, and vascular permeability. The identification of five distinct VEGFs in humans (VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and PLGF) is discussed, along with the classification of VEGFRs as typical receptor tyrosine kinases with distinct signaling systems. The family includes VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, crucial in tumor biology and angiogenesis, and VEGFR-3, specifically involved in lymphangiogenesis. Overall, this review has provided a comprehensive overview of VEGF and VEGFR, detailing their roles in various diseases, including cancer. This is expected to further facilitate the utilization of VEGF and VEGFR as therapeutic targets.

Pediococcus pentosaceus로 발효된 황기 지하부가 인간 피부 섬유아세포의 콜라겐 생성에 미치는 효과

이한나,고은지,최선강,유창연,성은수,임정대 한국약용작물학회 2018 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2018 No.05

Background: This study were to investigate the effect of Pediococcus pentosaceus fermented Radix astragali (AMRP) and non-fermented products (AMRNP) on collagen synthesis in the cultures of human dermal fibroblasts, and their inhibitory effects on the matrix-degrading enzymes (collagenase, elastase, and gelatinase). Methods and Results: Both AMRP and AMRNP significantly improved cell growth and proliferation of HDF cells. However, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis demonstrated that AMRP, but not AMRNP, significantly and dose-dependently stimulated the biosynthesis of type I procollagen in both aged (74 y) and young (21 y) HDF cells. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that expression of type I, type III procollagen and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA was significantly stronger in AMRP-treated HDF cells than that of AMRNP-treated and un-treated HDF cells. The AMRP revealed an increase in astragaloside Ⅳ only depending on increase in fermentation period, because other astragalside converted to astragaloside Ⅳ, which it detached acyl group by fermentation processing of Pediococcus pentosaceus. Conclusion: The results also suggested that AMRP could stimulate the collagen biosynthesis in human dermal fibroblasts, which is, associated with the regulation of procollagen biosynthesis resulting from AMRP-induced TGF-β1 expression and the mitogenic activity in HDF cells, and therefore, is expected to reduce the age-dependent loss of extracellular matrix proteins.

학살된 ‘양민(良民)’, 그리고 여성들 — 노근리 사건 이후를 그리는 이현수 소설의 의도된 산만함에 관해

이한나 한국여성문학학회 2022 여성문학연구 Vol.57 No.-

이현수의 소설 『나흘』은 1950년 7월 26일부터 29일까지 충북 영동에서 미군에의해 자행된 민간인 학살인 ‘노근리 사건’을 다룬다. 고향 영동으로 돌아온 다큐멘터리 감독 김진경이 노근리 사건을 주제로 한 프로그램을 기획하기 위해 마을의 과거를 살피며 자신의 집안을 돌아보는 내용을 담고 있는 이 소설은 기존 관점에서는 노근리 사건이 굳건히 중심을 잡지 못한 채 여러 서사가 여기에 중첩되어 완성도가 떨어진다고 지적된다. 이 소설을 두고, 본고에서는 노근리 사건 ‘이후’를 그리는 이 작품이 ‘산만함’을 경유하여 가리키고 있는 바는 과연 무엇인지를 살펴본다. 노근리 사건의 진실을 좇는 과정이 왜 산만하게 에둘러 표현될 수밖에 없었는지를 학살된 ‘양민(良民)’의 곁에 놓인 여성 화자를 쫓아 묻는 이 글은, 『나흘』이 ‘김진경’과 ‘뻐들네’라는 두 인물로 학살 이후 두 갈래의 삶, 즉 회복의정치학에 응하는 삶과 ‘회복’의 테두리에 들어서지도 못한 삶을 보여주고 있다는 사실을 추적한다. 노근리 사건의 ‘사라진 여성들’을 향해 내딛는 발걸음들로구성된 이현수의 소설은 희생당한 ‘양민’을 재현하는 문제와 동떨어져, 학살 이후 여성의 삶이란 한 겹의 시선에서는 결코 거두어지지 않는다는 사실을 말하고있다. Lee Hyun-soo’s novel Four Days deals with the Nogeun-ri Incident, a massacre of civilians carried out by US forces in Yeongdong, North Chungcheong Province, from July 26 to 29, 1950. In the novel, documentary director Kim Jin-kyung returns to her hometown of Yeongdong and looks back on the history of the village and her family in order to plan a television program on the subject of the Nogeun-ri Incident. The narrative has been criticized for how it overlaps here, and it lacks a sense of completeness. This paper examines what exactly Lee Hyun-Soo’s novel, which depicts the period after the Nogeun-ri Incident, implies through its treatment of “distraction.” This article asks the female narrator, who exists alongside the massacred “good people” (yangmin), why the process of revealing the facts of the Nogeun-ri Incident had to be expressed in a distracting manner. The narrative traces how the two characters lived two very different lives after the massacre: One is a life that responds to the politics of reconstruction, while the other is a life that is unable to even approach the space of “reconstruction.” Lee Hyeon-soo’s novel, which attempts to get increasingly closer to the “disappearing women” of the Nogeun-ri Incident, does not engage directly with the problem of reproducing the “yangmin” who sacrificed, and it demonstrates that the life of a woman after the massacre is never confined to a single point of view.

1990년대 전경린 소설에 나타난 여성 범죄와 법의 은유 –전경린, 『내 생에 꼭 하루뿐일 특별한 날』을 중심으로

이한나 한국여성문학학회 2023 여성문학연구 Vol.59 No.-

1990년대 전경린의 소설은 주부의 ‘불륜’을 주요 소재로 삼아, 섹슈얼리티로 기존 삶에 반란을 꾀하는 여성을 그려내 왔다고 할 수 있다. 1999년에 발표한 『내생에 꼭 하루뿐일 특별한 날』은 전경린이 「염소를 모는 여자」 이래 계속해서 주부의 불륜을 소재로 하여 작품을 써냈기에 이제는 새로울 것이 없다는, 즉 그녀의 ‘위기’를 증명하는 소설로서 불리기도 했다. 본고에서는 이때 전경린이 “간통은 진부하다”는 말에도 아랑곳하지 않고 어째서 다시 주부의 섹슈얼리티를 소재로 하여 작품을 써냈는지를 고민한다. 가리어진 여성들, 다시 말해 이 소설에서후경화된 여성들이 어쩌면 힌트를 줄 수 있겠다는 생각에 다다랐을 때, 범죄에연루된 두 여성 은연과 부희가 눈에 띈다. 단행본에 이어 소설의 신문 연재본까지를 참고로 하여 이들 여성의 서사를되짚어봄으로써 본고는 가정 내 여성이 지금까지도 쉽게 법에 의해 범죄의 ‘가해자’로서 위치 지어지는 현실과 이 소설이 맞닿아 있다는 점을 초점화해 바라본다. 지금, 여기와도 크게 동떨어져 있지 않은, 1990년대 한국 사회 내 ‘여성 범죄’ 의 정치학을 노출하는 이 텍스트는 이렇듯 가정 내 여성이 쉽게 ‘가해자’로 내몰리는 상황이 섹슈얼리티의 “몰수”로부터 비롯되었다는 판단과 이어진다. 곧 본고의 관점에서 『내 생에 꼭 하루뿐일 특별한 날』은 “여성의 쾌락적 삶의 평등성” 의 획득을 위해, 무엇이 여성에게 ‘고통’을 주고 무엇이 여성에게 ‘쾌락’을 주는지, 미흔의 식으로는 “개인적인 모랄”들이 끊임없이 공유되도록 하는 것이 ‘여성범죄’를 판결하는 이전과는 다른 광경을 선사할 것임을 역설하고 있다. It can be said that Jeon Gyeong-rin’s novels in the 1990s took a housewife’s ‘infidelity’ as the main subject and portrayed a woman who seeks rebellion against her existing life with her sexuality. A Special Day That Will Only Be One Day in My Life, published in 1999 Jeon Gyeong-rin has continued to write works about housewives’s infidelity since Woman Driving a Goat, so there is nothing new any longer, that is, it has also been called a novel that proves her ‘crisis’. In this paper, I wonder why she wrote her novel based on the sexuality of housewives again, regardless of Jeon Gyeong-rin’s remark that “adultery is banal.” When we come to the idea that women who are being hidden, in other words, women who have been post-cured in this novel probably can give us some hints, two women, Eun-yeon and Mi-heun, who appear as perpetrators or victims of crime stand out. By retracing the narratives of these women by referring to books and serialized versions of novels in newspapers, this study focus on that this novel is in contact with the reality that women in the family are easily positioned as ‘perpetrators’ by the law. This text which exposes the politics of ‘women’s crime’ in Korean society in the 1990s, not so far off from here and now, leads to the judgement that the situation in which women in the family are easily driven out as ‘perpetrators’ of crimes stems from the “expropriation” of sexuality. That is, from the point of view of this paper, A Special Day That Will Only Be One Day in My Life is emphasizing that, for obtaining “the equality of women’s pleasure life”, what brings women ‘pain’ and what brings women ‘pleasure’, in Mi-heun’s way, letting “individual morals“ be shared continuously it would present the different sight of judging ‘women’s crime’.

Validation of the APACHE IV model and its comparison with the APACHE II, SAPS 3, and Korean SAPS 3 models for the prediction of hospital mortality in a Korean surgical intensive care unit

이한나,손윤정,김혜림,백혜선,박희평 대한마취통증의학회 2014 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.67 No.2

Background: The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IV model has not yet been validated in Korea. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of the APACHE IV with those of APACHE II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) 3, and Korean SAPS 3 in predicting hospital mortality in a surgical intensive care unit (SICU) population. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records for patients admitted to the SICU from March 2011 to February 2012 in a university hospital. Measurements of discrimination and calibration were performed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, respectively. We calculated the standardized mortality ratio (SMR, actual mortality predicted mortality) for the four models. Results: The study included 1,314 patients. The hospital mortality rate was 3.3%. The discriminative powers of all models were similar and very reliable. The AUCs were 0.80 for APACHE IV, 0.85 for APACHE II, 0.86 for SAPS 3, and 0.86 for Korean SAPS 3. Hosmer and Lemeshow C and H statistics showed poor calibration for all of the models (P < 0.05). The SMRs of APACHE IV, APACHE II, SAPS 3, and Korean SAPS 3 were 0.21, 0.11 0.23, 0.34, and 0.25, respectively. Conclusions: The APACHE IV revealed good discrimination but poor calibration. The overall discrimination and calibration of APACHE IV were similar to those of APACHE II, SAPS 3, and Korean SAPS 3 in this study. A high level of customization is required to improve calibration in this study setting.

경찰법무 전공의 존폐 여부와 취업률향상 및 법과대학 전공개편에 관한 연구

이한나 영남대학교 통계연구소 2007 통계처리상담사례집 Vol.17 No.-

장애인가구와 비장애인가구의 빈곤수준, 박탈경험, 고립감 및 생활만족도 연구 : 서울복지패널을 이용한 분석

이한나,박단비 한국장애인재활협회 2012 재활복지 Vol.16 No.1

장애인가구와 비장애인가구 간의 소득수준차는 선행연구를 통해 실증적으로 밝혀져 왔으나, 빈곤이 가져오는 영향과 역동에 대한 관심은 상대적으로 부족하였다. 본 연구는 빈곤의 영향과 역동을 포괄하는 사회적 배제의 관점에서 장애인가구와 비장애인가구의 소득수준 차이가 박탈경험에 미치는 영향과 이를 매개로 하여 고립감 및 생활만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울복지패널 1차년도(2008년) 자료를 활용하여 경로모형 분석을 실시한 결과, 장애인가구원의 유무는 가구소득에 영향을 미치며, 이는 박탈경험을 거쳐 고립감과 생활만족도 모두에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 장애인가구가 비장애인가구보다 소득수준이 낮고, 박탈경험이 많으며, 고립감 수준은 높은 반면 생활만족도는 낮으며, 소득수준과 박탈, 고립감은 이 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 이를 바탕으로 장애인가구에 대한 다각적인 지원과 사회적인 인식제고가 필요함을 제언하였다. Difference between the income of disabled households and non-disabled households had empirically been found through previous studies, but still there was relatively a lack of interest on various areas of life that are derived from poverty. This study is about how the difference between the income of disabled household and non-disabled household effects deprivation, and also how it effects isolation and life satisfaction by mediating. To this end, the data of the first year(2008) of Seoul welfare panel study was utilized and data path analysis was performed. Through analysis, the presence of disabled household affects income of the household, and it also effects deprivation, isolation, and life satisfaction. In other words, the income of disabled households is lower than that of non-disabled household, has significant experience on deprivation, and the level of isolation is high, whereas life satisfaction is low. Income levels, deprivation and isolation are found to have mediated this result. Based on this, this study suggests much support for households with disabilities and raises awareness of the social ideas that are required. d suggest the orientation which education on human rights and disability-related activities should pursue.

조현병 환자와 정상인의 작업기억에서 생물형운동 정보의 부호화와 유지

이한나,김제중 한국인지및생물심리학회 2019 한국심리학회지 인지 및 생물 Vol.31 No.2

Impaired working memory (WM) is the most reliably reported cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Past research have revealed that increased novelty or salience of visual stimuli could facilitate the WM process, which is not clear in schizophrenia yet. In the present study, we investigated WM performance of healthy people and patients with schizophrenia using biological motion (BM), which is unique motion stimulli carrying rich social information. Experiment 1 examined WM accuracy for BM and non-BM stimuli in low- and high-memory load conditions. In experiment 2, we investigated WM for BM, non-BM and static polygon stimuli in three different delay conditions. The results showed that overall performance was worse in the patients group. WM accuracy for BM stimuli did not drop and remained higher than those for the other stimuli regardless of increasing memory load and delay in control group. Patients group also showed higher accuracy for BM stimuli than the other stimuli across the conditions but it decreased with incresing load and delay, unlike controls. Our findings suggest that socially-relevant stimuli such as BM could facilitate WM in schizophrenia and it may provide a clue of target for cognitive remediation strategies. 작업기억의 결함은 조현병(schizophrenia)에서 가장 일관되게 보고되어온 인지장애이다. 작업기억에 관한 선행 연구들은 자극의 새로움(novelty)이나 현저성(salience)에 따라 기억과정이 촉진될 수 있음을 보고해왔다. 본 연구에서는 특수한 운동자극이면서 사회적 정보를 포함하는 생물형운동(biological motion, BM)을 이용하여 정상인과 조현병환자집단에서의 작업기억수행을 관찰하였다. 실험 1에서는 자극종류(BM, non-biological motion: NBM)와 기억부하에 따라 지연반응과제의 수행을 관찰하였고, 실험 2에서는 지연시간에 따른 BM의 효과를 알아보기 위해 BM, NBM, 도형자극을 짧거나 긴 지연시간 조건에 따라 제시하였다. 실험 결과, 조현병환자집단은 정상인에 비해 전체적인 수행정도가 낮았다. 또한 두 집단 모두에서 BM이 다른 자극에 비해 기억정확도가 높았으나, 이 효과는 두 집단에서 다른 양상이었다. 정상인집단의 경우 기억부하 및 지연시간이 증가해도 BM의 효과가 유지되었으나, 조현병집단에서는 효과가 감소하였다. 그러나, 환자집단 내에서는 다른 자극에 비해 BM에 대한 정확도가 높게 유지되었다. 이 결과는 조현병환자들은 정상인에 비해 제한적이나, BM자극 특성에 의한 기억촉진효과를 경험한다는 점을 보여주며, 사회적 환경의 적절한 제공을 통해 저하된 인지기능을 다소 보완할 수 있는 가능성을 시사한다.

Recent Advances in Basic and Clinical Aspects of Rheumatoid Arthritis-associated Interstitial Lung Diseases

이한나,이상일,김현옥 대한류마티스학회 2022 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease that mainly affects the joints and systemic organs, such as the skin, eyes, heart, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs. In particular, among various pulmonary involvements, interstitial lung disease (ILD) is closely related to the selection of anti-rheumatic drugs and the long-term prognosis of patients with RA. Although the exact pathogenesis of RA-ILD is not well defined, several mechanistic pathways, similar to those of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, have been elucidated recently. Conversely, RA-related autoantibodies, including anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, are detectable in circulation and in the lungs, even in the absence of articular symptoms. RA-ILD can also predate years before the occurrence of joint symptoms. This evidence supports the fact that local dysregulated mucosal immunity in the lung causes systemic autoimmunity, resulting in clinically evident polyarthritis of RA. Because the early diagnosis of RA-ILD is important, imaging tests, such as computed tomography and pulmonary function tests, are being used for early diagnosis, but there is no clear guideline for the early diagnosis of RA-ILD and selection of optimal disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs for the treatment of patients with RA with ILD. In addition, the efficacy of nintedanib, a new anti-fibrotic agent, for RA-ILD treatment, has been investigated recently. This review collectively discusses the basic and clinical aspects, such as pathogenesis, animal models, diagnosis, and treatment, of RA-ILD.

고등학생들에게 박물관은 어떤 곳인가?

이한나 한국박물관교육학회 2020 박물관교육연구 Vol.- No.23