유아의 대인간 문제해결능력 증진을 위한 프로그램 개발 및 효과검증 : 누리과정을 중심으로

손승희,나종혜,김효진,이진수,백은정,조문교,김은영,허은영,박정옥 한국생활과학회 2019 한국생활과학회지 Vol.28 No.2

The purpose of the study were to develop an “Educational Program to Enhance Children’s Problemsolving- ability(EPECP)” and to verify its effectiveness based on the parameters of that program. The program developed in the study consisted of 1) a main purpose and aims, 2) contents of 14 activities based on the Nuri curriculums, 3) specific directions to teachers to implement in the classrooms and 4) ways to evaluate the outcomes to enhance the development of the children’s positive problem-solving abilities. To verify the effectiveness of the program, a field experiment was conducted at four daycare centers located in D city. In the experimental group, there were 5-year-olds-classes (13 children) within the two daycare centers and the participants were chosen randomly, the EPECP was implemented during the children’s free play time for six weeks, while the comparison group (18 children) went along with their routine and regularly scheduled school programs. There was no significant difference in the children’s problem-solving-ability scores as measured between the comparison group and experimental group before the implementation of the EPECP. However, after six-weeks of the EPECP implementation in the classroom, two groups showed a significant difference in the children’s problem-solving-ability scores (t=4.78, p< .001). In conclusion, the EPECP developed in this study was found to be effective in promoting positive problem-solving solutions for children. 유아는 또래와의 관계를 통해 자신을 새로이 인식하게 되고, 사회적 소속감을 경험하게 된다. 하지만, 유아는 또래와 상호작용하며 다양한 문제 상황에 부딪히게 된다. 유아기는 대인간 문제 상황에 처했을 때 가능한 해결방안들을 스스로 모색하고 최선의 해결책을 결정하는 기초능력이 형성되는 중요한 시기이므로 유아의 대인간 문제해결능력에 관심을 갖는 것은 매우 의미 있는 일이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 누리과정과 연계하여 아동의 대인간 문제해결능력을 증진시키는 프로그램을 개발하여 유아의 사회적 능력을 발달시키는데 도움이 되고자 하였다. 본 연구는 1차로 대인간 문제해결능력 프로그램을 개발하였고, 그 이후 만 5세반을 대상으로 대인간 문제해결능력 프로그램을 실시하여 그 효과를 검증하였다. 대인간 문제해결능력 프로그램의 타당성을 확보하기 위해 어린이집 현장 경험이 있는 아동복지학 전공 교수 2인과 어린이집 원장 및 교사 경험이 있는 아동복지학전공 박사 3인 및 석사 3인의 안면타당도를 거쳤다. 또한, 대인간 문제해결능력 프로그램의 효과 검증을 위해 프로그램을 실시하기 전·후에 Spivack과 Shure(1976)의 PIPS를 번안하여 수정·보완하여 사용한 손승희(2001)의 대인간 문제해결능력 검사를 실시하였다. 대인간 문제해결능력 프로그램은 대인간 문제해결능력의 범주인 긍정적 해결방안 – 요청, 공평, 기다림, 심리적 자극, 교환, 보상 –을 효과적으로 발달시킬 수 있도록 연구대상 아동의 연령, 흥미, 발달수준, 어린이집 기관의 환경, 주제, 누리과정 등을 고려하여 구성된 총 14개의 활동으로 이루어져있다. 대전시에 위치한 직장 어린이집 4곳의 만 5세반에서 자유선택활동과 대소집단 활동 시간에 6주 동안 생활주제와 연계하여 대인간 문제해결능력 증진을 위한 활동을 실시하였다. 유아의 대인간 문제해결 능력에 대한 전반적인 경향을 알아보기 위해 평균, 표준편차를 산출하였으며, 대인간 문제해결능력 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위해 대인간 문제해결능력 검사의 사전, 사후 검사에 대한 paired t-검증을 실시하였다. 대인간 문제해결능력 증진 프로그램을 실시하기 전 비교집단 유아(18명)와 실험집단 유아(13명)의 대인간 문제해결능력 검사 점수에는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 하지만, 6주간 대인간 문제해결능력 프로그램을 실시 한 후 두 집단의 차이를 비교한 결과, 비교집단 유아는 사전·사후 검사 점수에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않은 반면, 실험집단 유아는 프로그램 실시 전과 실시 후에 유아의 대인간 문제해결능력 검사 점수에 유의한 차이가 나타났다(t=-4.78, p<.001). 즉, 대인간 문제해결능력 프로그램을 실시한 후 유아의 대인간 문제해결능력이 증진되었다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 개발한 유아대인간 문제해결 능력 증진 교육프로그램은 유아의 긍정적 문제해결방안 증진에 효과적임이 밝혀졌다. 이러한 결과는 유아교육현장에서 유아대인간 문제해결 능력 증진 프로그램이 활용될 수 있는 이론적 근거와 시사점을 제공하였으므로 유아의 대인간 문제해결능력 발달을 위한 프로그램이 유아교육현장에서 적극적으로 활용되기를 바라는 바이다.

梨花女大生의 宗敎的 信念體系에 관한 硏究

孫承喜 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1975 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.25 No.-

1. It is the purpose of this survey to research the religious-belief-system of the students of Ewha Woman's University and to attempt to evaluate the religious education curriculum at Ewha in the light of the results. There are three presuppositions curriculum at Ewha in the light of the results. There are as follows: 1) One of the main tasks of religious education is to formulate particular belief-systems in the personality; 2) Religious belief is functional for personality development: and 3) The religious-belief-system can be formulated in the personality by the educational enterprise. 2. 849students were selected for subjects taking under consideration the students' major areas two in different classes, freshmen and seniors. The study was divided into the following subtitles: (1) Types of religious faith; (2) Modes of meaning of belief; (3) Contents of the belief-system ; (4) Religious story; (5) Nature of belief; (6) Ultimate values; and (7) Religious values. The contents of the belief-systems were also divided into seven items: the idea of God, the nature of the world, the end of history, human relationship, the individual and society, participation in history, and the problem of death. 3. Results of the survey : The religious -belief-systems of Ewha students are comparatively positive, founded on the rational mode of thought. Their philosophical-theological types have a very existentialistic and neo-Orthodoxical tendency. Toward the nature of the world and man and history, their have pessimistic attitudes; and toward social problems and participation in history, their attitudes are passive and individual-centered. However, the basic characteristics of their belief-systems in life are very life-centered and ethically-oriented, emphasizing the values of love and spiritual happiness. As a whole, an idealistic lack of progmalical attitudes characterizes the religious-belief-systems found.

WHITMAN의 時와 思想

孫承喜 梨花女子大學校 英語英文學會 1957 英文學會誌 Vol.- No.1

Whitman은 가장 평범한 것을 노래했다. 공장, 여공, 신문기자 등이 그 시의 주제와 내용이었으며, 인간과 미국인을 찬양할 생각이었으므로 자유와 평등의 노래였다. 근본적 자아의 찬미였고, 개인주의와 Democracy의 조화였다. 개성의 자각에서 출발하여 동정과 사랑으로 결합하여 더 큰 전체로서의 하나를 이루는 것이다. 그의 사상은 초월적이며 혁명적이며, 어디까지나 반승려적 현실에 두 발을 디딘 힘찬 것이었다. 그가 생존해 있는 동안 그의 가치는 전연 인식받지 못하였으나 가장 미국적인 것을 미국적으로 노래한 시인이었다. 그의 사상은 오늘 민주주의의 신조이며 미국민정신의 바탕을 이루고 있는 것이다.

Eine Untersuchung von Einflussfaktoren auf IT-Akzeptanz in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen in Korea und Deutschland

손승희 한독경상학회 2012 經商論叢 Vol.30 No.1

Es handelt sich in der vorliegenden Untersuchung darum, welche Gedanken Mitarbeiter in koreanischen und deutschen kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen über die Einführung von neuen IT haben. In welchen Prozessen wird der Anwendungswille abgebildet und zur tatsächlichen Anwendung geführt? Welche Faktoren wirken sich auf die Bildung des Anwendungswillens und auf die Anwendung von neuen IT aus? Welche Unterschiede gibt es in den beiden Ländern? Für die Untersuchung wurden mit dem IT-Erwartungsmodell und mit IT-Akzeptanzmodellen wichtige Einflussfaktoren herausgestellt und mit ihnen die Hypothesen gebildet. Weiterhin wurde eine empirische Untersuchung durchgeführt. Daraus wurden folgende Ergebnisse herausgestellt: In beiden Ländern haben nur die Faktoren (IT-Nutzbarkeit, individuelle Innovationsneigung) eine positive Auswirkung auf die Erwartung an die Leistung von IT und auf die Erwartung an die IT selbst. Die Hypothesen Erwartung an die Leistung von IT und Erwartung an die IT selbst → IT-Anwendungsbereitschaft wurden in Korea angenommen, während in Deutschland nur die Hypothese Erwartung an die Leistung von IT → IT-Anwendungsbereitschaft angenommen wurde. In Korea ist die Auswirkung der IT-Nutzbarkeit stärker, wogegen in Deutschland die Individuelle Innovationsneigung schwerer wiegt. Diese Ergebnisse könnten zur effektiven und effizienten Einführung von neuen IT für die kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen in beiden Ländern genutzt werden.

WHITMAN의 時와 思想

孫承喜 이화여자대학교 인문과학대학 영어영문학과 1957 Minerva Vol.1 No.1

Whitman은 가장 평범한 것을 노래했다. 공장, 여공, 신문기자 등이 그 시의 주제와 내용이었으며, 인간과 미국인을 찬양할 생각이었으므로 자유와 평등의 노래였다. 근본적 자아의 찬미였고, 개인주의와 Democracy의 조화였다. 개성의 자각에서 출발하여 동정과 사랑으로 결합하여 더 큰 전체로서의 하나를 이루는 것이다. 그의 사상은 초월적이며 혁명적이며, 어디까지나 반승려적 현실에 두 발을 디딘 힘찬 것이었다. 그가 생존해 있는 동안 그의 가치는 전연 인식받지 못하였으나 가장 미국적인 것을 미국적으로 노래한 시인이었다. 그의 사상은 오늘 민주주의의 신조이며 미국민정신의 바탕을 이루고 있는 것이다.

인용문헌분석에 관한 소고

손승희 상명대학교 논문집 1987 상명대학교논문집 Vol.19 No.-

Citation analysis has been used for the study of the relationship between citing and cited documents. Bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis are two major technique of grouping articles and the cluster can be interpreted as a scientific specialty. Many studies have used citation frequency to identifying good quality of journals, authors and documents, but the validity of citation remains. In applying the theory of Markov Chain, the defects of citation analysis as a quality measure can be improved. The generation of citation can be made and the probability that each author/journal is going to be cited after long strings of citation can be obtained. The potential ability to be cited can be identified and can be used as a quality measure. This can be applied to the bibliographic coupling cluster or co-citation cluster. Yet, the validity of citation analysis does not confirmed, the citation study should aware of the limitation. To apply multiple method can strengthen the studies of citation analysis.

韓國 敎會學校 聖經敎材 카리큐럼에 나타난 宗敎的 槪念에 대한 硏究 : 兒童의 宗敎的 思考發達理論에 비추어본 宗敎的槪念의 分析

孫承喜 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1976 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.27 No.-

It is the purpose of this study to attempt to evaluate the church school curriculums used in Korean Churches in the perspective of developmental religious education through an analysis of the religious concepts contained in Bible teaching materials. The scope of the study is limited to the cognitive side in the goal of teaching religious concepts. There are some presuppositions in the study. They are as follows: 1) Christian education, as a human enterprise, should consider its psychological validity and its educational effectiveness in defining its goal and process; 2) A theory of religious-concept-development may be formulated in the basis of Piagets' cognitive theory of developmental psychology. (Religious thinking is no different in mode and method from non-religious thinking); 3) Teaching religious concepts to a child should be planned according to the child's thinking ability and his developmental sequences. Four curriculums, which are now used most widely in several main denominational churches, were selected for data. Materials from these curriculums were prepared for children in the sub-religious thinking stage. Analysis was done from the following two sides; 1) theme-classification-biblical, theological, church historical, ethical, disciplinary, and life themes; 2) classification by the teaching aims-eg. Biblical concepts, general knowledge of the Bible, particularly the implication of the concept "Salvation". Results of the analysis: The biblical or religious concepts the materials aim to teach are highly abstract concepts which require a formal operational capacity in the stage of prepositional thinking which is too advanced for the concrete operational stage of a child. The whole structure of religious thinking is based in having vicarious experiences; there are few life themes which can be helpful in developing a child's religious experiences: there are few life themes which can be helpful in developing a child's religious concept learning. It can be said, therefore, that Korean Church School curriculums are not effectively planned and formulated under the proper educational considerations.

채무소송으로 본 華商의 商慣行(1906~1910) - 移住空間 漢城을 중심으로 -

손승희 동북아역사재단 2012 東北亞歷史論叢 Vol.- No.36

This study analyzed debt liability suits in the “Documents of the Chinese Diplomatic Office in Korea” (「駐韓使館檔」) of the Chinese Consul Ma Tingliang(馬廷亮). I examined not only the aspects of competition among Chinese, Japanese, and Korean merchants at Hanseong as an immigrant area, but also activities and commercial practices of Chinese merchants. A review of 75 cases of debt liability suits in the “Documents of the Chinese Diplomatic Office in Korea” during Ma Tingliang’s time in office show that the process and the shape of suits differed according to the nationality of the complainant and the nationality of the defendant. In order to know commercial practices at Hanseong, this article mainly analyzed suits regarding a Korean merchant’s payment default. In many cases, payment default and debtor’s runaway happened in business between a Chinese merchant and a Korean merchant. This should be connected with the commodity distribution channels in Hanseong. It was common that the imported/exported goods were dealt through brokers, who did business as a broker or a wholesaler who repaid the value of the commodity later. Naturally, these types of credit-type business of indirect long-term connection between the buyer and the seller may have led to frequent disputes over payment. Chinese merchants who had not been repaid and, moreover, could not chase the escaped debtor tried to get compensation through a colleague(同夥) or a shop manager, or through a broker(經紀), and even through a relative of the debtor. In order to explain these situations, I reviewed how the Hapgua Company(合夥企業), a Chinese company,settled debt. In the Hapgua Company, it was the principle that the profits and the losses of the company shall be shared according to the ratio of shareholding. But when a debtor ran away, the creditor tried to ask the shareholder(s) or their relatives to return instead. At that time there was no concrete rule in the law, and the debt return might be ruled by general practice. In China, the shareholder(s) normally was also responsible for the debt. Thus, naturally, the Chinese merchant tried to get unlimited responsibility for the return of the debt from the business partner or from relatives. Also, in China a jingji , or broker, only performed brokering duties and had no responsibility for debt return. But in Korea, Chinese merchants sometimes requested the jingji to be responsible for the debt owing to the fact that the jingji did the urging of the return of debt and the debt return had been done by the jingji . As briefly described above, the relationship and meaning of the business partner, the employee, the employer, and others were considerably different between Korea and Chinese merchants. It seems that this difference was a major reason for the complexity and difficulties of resolving disputes.

전산장비의 효율적인 관리 방안에 관한 연구

손승희 부산 외국어 대학교 1999 外大論叢 Vol.19 No.3

The system configuration, which serves an enterprise organization with structure organization and process organization, can be comprehended as a system of systems forming the information technological infrastructure of the user organization. It contains various application systems with their carrier systems. The system configuration consists of software, hardware and the communication facilities. It is the means to connect hardware, also hardware network, and system communication. Beyond this purpose, it defines also system requirements and system structure. The basic and extended data model of system configuration with OCNeT can be used for comprehension and analysis of information technological infrastructure in an enterprise, and serves an enterprise with the integral development of organization and their information systems(application systems). In addition to this, an extended model provides the basic function of data management.

어머니와 아버지의 문해 신념 및 문해 상호작용 비교 연구

손승희 한국생애학회 2016 생애학회지 Vol.6 No.3

The purpose of this study was to explore the difference between mothers’ literacy beliefs and fathers’ literacy beliefs, mothers’ literacy interaction and mothers’ literacy interaction. And it was conducted to identify the relationship between mothers’(fathers’) literacy beliefs and mothers’(fathers’) literacy interaction. Participants were 319 mothers and fathers who have children from 3 to 5 years of age. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and correlation analysis. The findings are summarized as follows: (1) There were statistically significant differences between mothers’ literacy beliefs and fathers’ literacy beliefs. The mothers were more likely to have positive literacy beliefs than the fathers. (2) There were statistically significant differences between mothers’ literacy interaction and fathers’ literacy interaction. The mothers scored significantly higher than fathers on ‘open interaction’, and ‘picture-book reading interaction’. In contrast, the fathers scored significantly higher than mothers on ‘directive interaction’. (3) Mothers’ literacy beliefs were positively correlated with ‘open interaction’, ‘directive interaction’, and ‘picture book reading’. (4) Fathers’ literacy beliefs were positively correlated with ‘open interaction’, and ‘picture book reading’, but were negatively correlated with ‘directive interaction’ So, it is very important to provide adequate training and support for fathers’ literacy beliefs for fathers’ high quality literacy interaction. And it is necessary to support mothers’ interaction with children based on their beliefs.