An Analysis of the Test Items on Text Structures in High School English Tests

Sung-Ae Kim 한국응용언어학회 2010 응용 언어학 Vol.26 No.4

The aim of this study is to investigate how students’ comprehension of text structures is assessed in high school English tests. For that aim, the study analyzed 30 high school English tests, focusing on the frequency/proportion of the test items made on text structures and the types of tasks required by those items. In order to investigate the similarities and/or differences among the tests, the study also compared the tests for the three grades and for the same grade. The result shows that there is a great variation among the tests in the frequency of the test items on text structures, but the types of tasks asked by those items are quite limited and similar across all the tests. Based on the result, the study argues that the test items on text structures in high school English tests leave much room for improvement and teachers need help and guide in the construction of test items.

An analysis of the test items on text structures in high school English tests

김성애 한국응용언어학회 2010 응용 언어학 Vol.26 No.4

The aim of this study is to investigate how students’ comprehension of text structures is assessed in high school English tests. For that aim, the study analyzed 30 high school English tests, focusing on the frequency/proportion of the test items made on text structures and the types of tasks required by those items. In order to investigate the similarities and/or differences among the tests, the study also compared the tests for the three grades and for the same grade. The result shows that there is a great variation among the tests in the frequency of the test items on text structures, but the types of tasks asked by those items are quite limited and similar across all the tests. Based on the result, the study argues that the test items on text structures in high school English tests leave much room for improvement and teachers need help and guide in the construction of test items.

Test Anxiety among Chinese Undergraduates from Urban versus Rural Backgrounds

Dianping Liu,Ken Springer,Yang-Hee Kim 국제언어문학회 2021 國際言語文學 Vol.- No.49

본 연구는 중국 도시와 농촌 학부생들의 시험 불안을 깊이 이해하기 위한 질적 연구이다. 이 연구를 위해 연변대학교에 재학 중인 5명의 도시 학생들과 5명의 시골 학생들이 참여하였다. 학생 개개인을 대상으로 실시한 정형화되지 않은 면접은 그들의 수행능력에 대한 자기평가, 시험 불안의 정도, 시험 불안 원인에 대한 이해, 선호하는 대처전략, 시험 불안을 줄일 수 있는 여부에 중점을 두었다. 인터뷰를 통해 모든 학생들이 반드시 시험 기간 동안에만 불안감을 느낀 것이 아니라 그들이 시험 전에 불안을 느꼈던 것으로 드러났다. 이러한 시험 불안을 해소하고자 학생들은 다양한 정서 중심 및 문제 중심 대처 전략을 사용했던 것으로 나타났다. 도시와 농촌 학생들 간 차이의 결과에서 시골학생들이 과하도록 심한 시험 불안을 경험했고, 자신 통제력을 포함한 시험 불안을 다루는데 있어 비교적 효율성이 떨어지는 대처 전략을 사용했다는 경향을 보였다. 마지막 성별에 따른 시험 불안에 대한 차이에서는 기대와는 다르게 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 이 연구는 농촌 학생들이 갖는 시험 불안에 대한 심각성을 이해함으로써 그들의 시험 불안을 줄여, 학교생활에 잘 적응할 수 있도록 방안을 찾는데 교육적 의의를 두었다. This is a qualitative research study conducted to deepen understanding of test anxiety among Chinese undergraduates from urban versus rural backgrounds in China. Five urban and five rural students currently attending Yanbian University participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews conducted with individual students focused on self-assessment of performance, extent of test anxiety, understanding of causes of test anxiety, preferred coping strategies, and the possibility to reduce test anxiety. The interviews revealed that all students experienced anxiety before tests but not necessarily during tests. To reduce test anxiety, students used a variety of emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies for dealing with test anxiety. The differences between urban and rural students tended to show that rural students appeared to experience more severe, unqualified test anxiety, and they relatively used less effective coping strategies involving self-control to deal with test anxiety than their urban peers. Finally, contrary to expectations, no gender differences in test anxiety were found. The educational significance of this study is to help reduce Chinese undergraduates’ test anxiety and adapt well to university settings by understanding the challenge of test anxiety, particularly among Chinese rural students.

길포드의 지능구조모형에 의한 정보활용능력 검사도구 개발 및 타당성 연구

이병기 한국문헌정보학회 2013 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.47 No.2

The test instrument utilized to diagnose and evaluate a trainee’s ability are necessary for an effective information literacy education. Nevertheless, there is a lack of a standardized test instrument to comprehensively measure students’ information literacy. The purpose of this study is to develop a standardized test instrument to evaluate the information literacy of middle school students, and to verify the reliability and validity of the test instrument. For this purpose, this study selected factors that can show the information literacy and developed an information literacy test framework that was designed based on Guilford’s SOI model and Meeker’s SOI-LA test. The test instrument that was developed through this study is a 30-item Web-based multiple-choice test. This study administrated tests in middle school students (794 students joined), and analyzed difficulty, reliability, discrimination index, validity of tests, and reviewed tests items to qualify the standardized test. The cutoff score was also decided when using these tests as a diagnostic information literacy assessment. 정보활용교육을 효과적으로 전개하기 위해서는 피교육자의 능력을 진단, 측정하고 교육목표의 도달 여부를 판단할 수 있는 검사도구가 필수적이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 초․중등 학생들의 정보활용능력을 종합적으로 측정할 수 있는 검사도구가 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중학생의 정보활용능력 측정을 위한 웹기반의 표준화된 검사도구를 개발하고, 검사도구의 신뢰도와 타당성을 검증하였다. 검사도구의 개발을 위해서 우선 정보활용능력의 구성요인을 추출하고, 길포드의 지능구조모형과 메이커의 학습능력 측정도구를 바탕으로 정보활용능력 검사도구의 프레임을 개발하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발한 검사도구는 웹 기반의 선다형 30문항으로 구성되어 있으며, 794명의 중학생들을 대상으로 검사를 시행하여 문항의 난이도, 신뢰도, 변별력 지수, 타당도 등을 분석하였다. 또한, 검사도구를 이용하여 학생들의 정보활용능력을 진단하고, 평가하기 위한 표준 점수를 제시하였다.

소형선형 평면뼈대모형의 진동대실험을 통한 하이브리드실험 기법의 검증

조성민,최인규 정대성,김철영 한국지진공학회 2010 한국지진공학회논문집 Vol.14 No.6

본 논문은 지진에 의한 구조물의 거동을 평가하기 위한 실험방법 중 최근 국내에 도입되어 연구되고 있는 하이브리드실험에 대한 시스템을 구축하고, 그에 따른 모델개발과 하이브리드실험을 실시하여 하이브리드실험기법의 타당성과 정확도를 평가하기 위함이다. 이를 위해 NEESgrid의 미니모스트 시스템을 벤치마킹하여 여건에 맞게 수정, 보완하였으며 2차원 평면뼈대모형을 개발하여 실험에 적용하였다. 그리고 하이브리드실험 결과의 평가를 위해 국내에서는 거의 시도되지 않았던 진동대실험과 비교를 함으로써 결과의 신뢰도를 높였다. 진동대실험에는 하이브리드실험과 동일한 크기의 실물모형을 제작, 실험하여 크기효과의 영향을 최소화하였다. 두 실험의 결과는 거의 비슷한 것으로 나타나 하이브리드실험이 진동대실험을 대체할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This paper deals with the hybrid structural test technique which has been introduced and studied currently in Korea. In this study, a Mini-MOST system which was developed as a part of NEES research was modified and improved to reduce the total simulation time to half of the original system. Using the proposed system together with the 2 dimensional small steel frame specimen, the validity and efficiency of the hybrid test technique is investigated. Even though the hybrid test has been developed as an alternative to the shaking table test and has been studied and applied for a long time in several countries, no attempt has been made to compare it directly with the shaking table test. Therefore, in this study, the hybrid test results are compared with those of the shaking table test as well as with a numerical simulation for the verification of hybrid test. From the comparison and analysis of the test results, it is concluded that the hybrid test can simulate the actual seismic behavior of structural systems very accurately and it can be a good alternative to the shaking table test.

Preliminary Data Analysis of Surrogate Spent Nuclear Fuel in Shake Table Tests to Simulate Normal Conditions of Road and Sea Transport

JaeHoon Lim,Woo-seok Choi 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.1

Currently, the development of evaluation technology for vibration and shock loads transmitted to spent nuclear fuel and structural integrity of spent nuclear fuel under normal conditions of transport is progressing in Korea by the present authors. Road transportation tests using surrogate spent nuclear fuel were performed in September, 2020 using a test model of KORAD-21 transportation cask and sea transportation tests were conducted from September 30 to October 4, 2021. Finally, the shake table tests and rolling test were conducted from October 31 to November 2, 2022. The shake table test was performed with the input load produced conservatively from the data obtained from the road and sea transportation tests. The test input was produced based on the power spectral densities and shock response spectrums from the transportation tests. In addition to the test inputs from the road and sea tests, sine sweep input and half sine input were used to verify the vibration characteristics of assemblies under boundary conditions during normal conditions of transport. Because the input load of the shake table test was produced conservatively, a slightly larger strain than the strain value measured in road and sea transportation tests was measured from the shake table tests. In the case of the sea test, it is considered that the process of enveloping the data in the 20 to 80 Hz range generated by the engine propeller system was performed excessively conservatively. As a result of analyzing the test results for the difference in boundary conditions, it was confirmed that the test conditions of loading the basket generated a relatively large strain compared to the conditions of loading the disk assembly for the same input load. Therefore, it is concluded that a transportation cask having a structure in which a basket and a disk are separated, such as KORAD-21, is more advantageous in terms of vibration shock load characteristics under normal conditions of transport than a transportation cask having an integral internal structure in which a basket and a disk are a single unit. However, this effect will be insignificant because the load itself transmitted to the disk assembly is very small.

분리하중에 대한 항공기용 외부연료탱크 구조 건전성 평가

김현기(Hyun-gi Kim),김성찬(Sungchan Kim),박민수(Min-su Park),안수홍(Su-hong An) 항공우주시스템공학회 2024 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The external fuel tank of an aircraft is a main component that can increase the cruising range of the aircraft. It must be able to be stably separated from the pylon in an emergency situation. At this time, a separation load is applied to the fin and the pivot of the external fuel tank. To stably separate the external fuel tank, the structural soundness of the fin and the pivot must be confirmed. In this study, structural tests were conducted to verify the structural integrity of the external fuel tank pin and pivot when the external fuel tank was separated from the aircraft. Results are then presented. In this paper, a test configuration diagram consisting of the hydraulic and load control equipment, data acquisition system, and pneumatic supply unit used in the structural test was explained. Test installation and test load application plan for each test condition were provided. As results of the structural test, it was found that test load and internal pressure of the test specimen were properly controlled within the allowable range in each test. It was confirmed that serious structural defects in the test specimen did not occur under required load conditions. In conclusion, through structural test for design limit load and design ultimate load, it was proven that the fin and pivot of the external fuel tank for aircraft covered in this study had sufficient structural strength.

Shake table tests on a non-seismically detailed RC frame structure

Akanshu Sharma,G.R. Reddy,K.K. Vaze 국제구조공학회 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.41 No.1

A reinforced concrete (RC) framed structure detailed according to non-seismic detailing provisions as per Indian Standard was tested on shake table under dynamic loads. The structure had 3 main storeys and an additional storey to simulate the footing to plinth level. In plan the structure was symmetric with 2 bays in each direction. In order to optimize the information obtained from the tests, tests were planned in three different stages. In the first stage, tests were done with masonry infill panels in one direction to obtain information on the stiffness increase due to addition of infill panels. In second stage, the infills were removed and tests were conducted on the structure without and with tuned liquid dampers (TLD) on the roof of the structure to investigate the effect of TLD on seismic response of the structure. In the third stage, tests were conducted on bare frame structure under biaxial time histories with gradually increasing peak ground acceleration (PGA) till failure. The simulated earthquakes represented low, moderate and severe seismic ground motions. The effects of masonry infill panels on dynamic characteristics of the structure, effectiveness of TLD in reducing the seismic response of structure and the failure patterns of non-seismically detailed structures, are clearly brought out. Details of design and similitude are also discussed.

자동차 충돌해석을 위한 구조용 접착제 유한 요소 해석 모델 개발

이태현(Taehyun Lee),신성기(Shounggi Shin) 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

A very successful approach among the many things done is the use of structural adhesive, which have brought significant improvements in automobile for the reason that adhesive-bonded joints can reduce the stress concentration compared to mechanical joints, increase strength and endure against the environment variable such as corrosion. The objective of this paper is to develop structural adhesive model for car crash analysis. The power of the FEA for predicting the structural integrity of adhesively bonded vehicle structure is apparent. To obtain mechanical properties of the adhesives, First, Tensile test and shear test were carried out for material properties of structural adhesive such as young's modulus, shear modulus, strain- stress curves. Second, correlation between test and FEA is conducted to verify that the adhesive material properties derived earlier do indeed represent the mechanical properties of the physical adhesives in the single lap shear test, T-peel test, wedge impact test, three point bending test and compression test.

Shake table tests on a non-seismically detailed RC frame structure

Sharma, Akanshu,Reddy, G.R.,Vaze, K.K. Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.41 No.1

A reinforced concrete (RC) framed structure detailed according to non-seismic detailing provisions as per Indian Standard was tested on shake table under dynamic loads. The structure had 3 main storeys and an additional storey to simulate the footing to plinth level. In plan the structure was symmetric with 2 bays in each direction. In order to optimize the information obtained from the tests, tests were planned in three different stages. In the first stage, tests were done with masonry infill panels in one direction to obtain information on the stiffness increase due to addition of infill panels. In second stage, the infills were removed and tests were conducted on the structure without and with tuned liquid dampers (TLD) on the roof of the structure to investigate the effect of TLD on seismic response of the structure. In the third stage, tests were conducted on bare frame structure under biaxial time histories with gradually increasing peak ground acceleration (PGA) till failure. The simulated earthquakes represented low, moderate and severe seismic ground motions. The effects of masonry infill panels on dynamic characteristics of the structure, effectiveness of TLD in reducing the seismic response of structure and the failure patterns of non-seismically detailed structures, are clearly brought out. Details of design and similitude are also discussed.