유아의 수줍음과 또래괴롭힘 피해 간의 관계에서 어머니의 또래관계 관리전략의 조절효과

권연희(Yeon Hee Kwon) 한국육아지원학회 2015 육아지원연구 Vol.10 No.2

본 연구는 취학 전 유아를 대상으로 이들의 수줍음 특성이 또래괴롭힘 피해에 미치는 영향에 대해 어머니의 또래관계 관리전략이 조절효과를 가지는지를 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 B광역시에 소재한 5개 유아교육기관의 유치반 9학급에 재원 중인 유아 200명(남아 97명, 여아 103명)과 그들의 어머니를 대상으로 하였다. 유아의 수줍음 및 또래괴롭힘 피해를 알아보기 위해 교사용 질문지를 사용하였고, 어머니용 질문지를 통해 자녀에 대한 또래관계 관리전략을 살펴보았다. 자료 분석을 위해 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 Cronbach’에 의한 신뢰도분석, 적률상관분석, 위계적 회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 유아의 수줍음 특성은 또래괴롭힘 피해에 유의한 정적 상관관계를, 어머니의 중개․감독 및 조언․관심 또래관계 관리전략은 또래괴롭힘 피해와 유의한 부적 상관관계를 보였다. 위계적 회귀분석 결과 유아의 또래괴롭힘 피해에 대해 수줍음 특성과 어머니의 중개․감독 및 조언․관심 또래관계 관리전략 간 상호작용 효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 구체적으로 유아의 수줍음 특성은 또래괴롭힘 피해와 관련되지만, 이러한 관련성은 어머니의 중개․감독 또래관계 관리전략 및 조언․관심 또래관계 관리전략의 수준이 낮은 집단에서만 유의하였고 어머니의 중개․감독 또래관계 관리전략 및 조언․관심 또래관계 관리전략의 수준이 높은 집단에서는 유의하지 않았다. 즉, 어머니의 또래관계 관리전략이 유아의 수줍음 특성이 또래괴롭힘 피해에 미치는 부정적 영향을 완화시키는 조절효과를 나타내었다. 이는 유아의 또래괴롭힘 피해에 대한 예방 및 중재 계획 시 어머니 역할의 중요성을 시사해 주었다. This study examined the moderating effect of mothers’ management strategies of peer relations on the relation between children’s shyness and peer victimization. Participants were 200 children (including 97 boys and 103 girls aged 5 to 6) and their mothers. Teachers completed rating scales to measure the child’s shyness and peer victimization, and mothers rated their management strategies of peer relations using questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations, and hierarchical multiple regressions. Results showed that there was a positive relationship between children’s shyness and peer victimization. Mothers’ mediation-supervision and advice-support strategies of peer relations were negatively related to child’s peer victimization. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the interaction between shyness and mother’s management strategies of peer relations predicted child’s peer victimization. Child’s shyness, whose mother demonstrated the lowest level of mediation-supervision and advice-support strategies of peer relations, significantly associated with peer victimization. Child’s shyness had no significant relation to peer victimization, especially for the highest level of mother’s mediation -supervision and advice-support strategies of peer relations. Results are discussed in terms of the role of mother to prevent shy child’s peer victimization.

태권도가 초등학생의 바람직한 교우관계 형성과 정서지능에 미치는 영향

정현도 ( Hyun Do Jung ) 국기원 2010 국기원태권도연구 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine about which influence children`s participation in Taekwondo training has upon emotional intelligence and peer relation. For this, the questionnaire was used in order to grasp the actual condition for injury in Taekwondo players of boy and girl high school students nationwide. The following are the conclusions that surveyed targeting totally 342 people who have experience of injury. First, as a result of this study, a change in peer relation, which is shown by Taekwondo training, was indicated positively. Second, as a result of examining difference in peer relation by background variable, the result, which examined peer relation according to the current Poom, was indicated that the higher current Poom mostly leads to the better peer relation with 1 Poom in 3.37 point, 2 Poom in 3.47 points, 3 Poom in 3.60 points, and 4 Poom in 3.48 points (p<.05). Third, as a result of examining difference in emotional intelligence by background variable, the emotional intelligence according to school year showed difference. Fourth, given examining about relationship between peer relation and emotional intelligence. Namely, it can be known that the better peer relation leads to the higher emotional intelligence.

내,외향적 행동문제와 집단괴롭힘의 관계에 대한 자아개념과 또래관계의 조절효과

이은주 ( Eun Ju Lee ) 한국초등교육학회 2002 초등교육연구 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of children`s peer victimization to their internalizing and externalizing behavior, self-esteem, and peer relations. Subjects were 396sixth graders selected from two elementary schools. Results showed that children with internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems were likely to be victimized by peers. In addition, children`s low self-esteem, high peer rejection, and low peer acceptance promoted victimization by peers. However, results showed that relations of internalizing and externalizing behaviors to peer victimization varied as a function of both self-esteem and peer relations. Internalizing and externalizing behaviors were more likely to lead to peer victimization when children have low self-esteem than when Hey are self-protected by healthy self-regard. Internalizing and externalizing behaviors predicted high peer victimization but the relation of behavioral problems to peer victimization was attenuated for children with protective friendship and positive peer relations. That is, having a reciprocal friend and high peer acceptance appears to decrease victimization for children regardless of whether they have behavioral problems. Results highlights the importance of self-esteem and mutual friendships in preventing peer vivctimization.

또래관계에서 나타나는 유아의 정서표현과 또래의 정서표현에 대한 유아의 반응

이지영,이경옥 한국유아교육·보육행정학회 2013 유아교육·보육복지연구 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구는 만 5세 유아 28명을 대상으로 7주 동안 또래관계에서 나타나는 정서표현과 정서표현에 대한 반응을 관찰하였다. 또래관계에서 즐거움, 좋아함, 관심, 자랑스러움, 놀라움의 긍정적 정서표현이 관찰되었고, 화남, 괴로움, 두려움, 짜증, 슬픔, 실망감, 원망, 싫어함, 비난, 놀림 등의 부정적 정서표현이 관찰되었다. 또래의 긍정적, 부정적 정서표현에 대해서는 공감하기, 다른 상황들을 제공하기, 구체적인 해결 방안 제시하기, 공격적으로 반응하기 등의 반응이 공통적으로 관찰되었다. 그러나 회피하기 반응은 공통적이기는 하나 정서상황에 따라 다른 특성을 나타내었다. 또한 다른 상황들을 제공하기, 단순하게 반응하기 등은 긍정적 정서표현에 대한 반응으로 관찰되었으며, 이유 설명하기, 인정하기 등은 부정적 정서표현에 대한 반응으로 관찰되었다. 본 연구는 유아의 또래관계에서 일상적으로 관찰 가능한 정서의 다양한 범주를 이해하고 이에 대한 반응을 밝혀냄으로써 유아의 정서표현 및 정서반응에 대해 폭넓은 정보를 제공해 줄 수 있을 것이다. This research observed 28 5-years-old children for 7 weeks to identify the children's emotional expressions and emotional responses to the peer emotion in peer interaction. In peer interaction, the children's positive emotional expressions with peers were observed including delight, surprise, concern, pride, and surprise, while the children's negative emotional expressions with peers including sadness, anger, suffering, fear, irritation, disappointment, resentment, dislike, and teasing. As the children's responses to the peers' positive emotions, sympathizing, providing other condition, responding simply, avoiding, being offensive, and providing specific solutions were observed. As the children's response to the peers' negative emotions, explaining the reason and recognizing as well as sympathizing, avoiding, being offensive, and providing specific solutions, in common with the children's responses to the positive emotions, were observed. This research suggests that the wide range of children's emotional expressions and emotional responses to the peer emotion as well as their impact on children's peer interaction need to be further studied to understand children's emotional competence and peer relation.

또래상담 프로그램이 아동의 교우관계에 미치는 영향

오가영(Ka-Young Oh) 한국콘텐츠학회 2016 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.16 No.7

본 연구는 또래상담 프로그램이 아동의 교우관계에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 전북 K시에 위치한 A초등학교 4학년 아동으로 안내문을 통해 프로그램 참여의사를 밝힌 아동 26명(남 14명, 여12)을 실험집단으로 선정하였으며, 아동 28명(남15명, 여 13명)을 통제집단으로 선정하였다. 프로그램을 실시하기 전 실험집단과 통제집단이 동질한 집단임을 확인하였다. 2014년 4월부터 2014년 6월까지 실험집단에게 또래상담(주 1회, 60분, 총 10회기)을 실시하고 효과를 검증하기 위하여 사전과 사후에 교우관계 질문지를 실시하였다. 자료 분석을 위해 SPSS 18.0을 활용하여 집단 내 사전과 사후를 비교하고 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 또래상담을 실시한 실험집단의 교우관계는 유의미하게 향상되었다. 하지만 통제집단의 사전과 사후 비교에서는 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구의 또래상담이 아동의 교우관계에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 살펴볼 수 있었다. This study is to examine how peer counseling program affects on peer relation of children. The study subjects who fourth grades of A elementary school students in K city of Cheonbuk region, children of 26(boys 14, girls 12) people who expressed their joining opinion of program, were selected through information. 28(boys 15, girls 13) people were selected as control group. Before conducting program, both experiment group and control group were identified as same group. From in April, 2014 to in June 2014, peer counseling was conducted by experiment group(once per week, 60 minutes per session for a total 10 sessions), to examine effect, peer relation questionnaire were practiced before and after. Following were gained results of SPSS 18.0 used to analysis data of comparison in group before and after. peer relation of experiment group who conducted peer counseling had improved. Peer Counseling was effective for improving of Childrens peer relation. However, there was no difference in compare of control group before and after. Therefore, this study can know that peer counseling had positive effect on peer relation of children.

또래관계가 청소년의 학교적응에 미치는 영향: 가정외보호와 자아존중감의 조절된 매개효과를 중심으로

안은미 ( An Eunmi ),조수민 ( Cho Soomin ),정익중 ( Chung Ick-joong ) 한국청소년복지학회 2018 청소년복지연구 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of the study is to verify the moderated mediating effect of out-of-home care and self-esteem when the peer relation influences adolescent school adjustment. Data from both the Panel Study on Korean Children in Out-of-home care(PSKCOC) and the National Survey of Children in Korea, involving 742 youths in the 5th to 6th grades were analyzed. Results using SPSS PROCESS MACRO method are as follows. First, it was identified that self-esteem significantly mediated the relation between peer relation and school adjustment. Second, in the influence of the peer relation on self-esteem, the moderating effect of whether or not adolescents are in out-of-home care emerged. The self-esteem of adolescents in out-of-home care were more affected than general adolescents by the peer relation. Third, in terms of the effect of self-esteem on school adjustment, and the direct effect of the peer relation on school adjustment, there was no statistically difference between adolescents in out-of-home care and general adolescents. In sum, it is verified that the effect of the peer relation on school adjustment was different depending on self-esteem. It suggests the practice and policy implication for social welfare through paying attention to the difference between adolescents in out-of-home care and general adolescents.

가정외보호 아동의 양육자 관계와 교우관계의 상호 영향: 자기회귀교차지연모형을 활용한 종단연구

김담이,강현아 대한아동복지학회 2018 아동복지연구 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the longitudinal causal relationship between caregiver relations and peer relations of children in out-of-home care. We analyzed the three years(2011-2013) of longitudinal data from the Panel Study on Korean Children in Out-of-Home Care. The autoregressive cross-lagged model (ARCL) was used to measure the longitudinal causal relationship between caregiver relations and peer relations. As a result, first, caregiver relations and peer relations showed stability over time. In other words, the results of the measurement at three time points showed that the caregiver relations and peer relations at the previous time had a significant effect on the caregiver relations and peer relations at the later time point. Second, the previous caregiver relations had a significant effect on the subsequent peer relations over time. Third, the previous peer relations had a significant effect on the subsequent caregiver relations over time. This study confirmed the interrelationships of caregiver relations and peer relations of children in care by examining the longitudinal data using the longitudinal analysis method.

아동의 또래관계 향상을 위한 놀이중심 인지재구조화 프로그램의 효과

손명희(Son, Myoung-Hee),오정숙(Oh, Jeung-Sug),김현영(Kim, Hyun-Young) 한국복지행정학회 2007 복지행정논총 Vol.17 No.1

This research reports a case of 5 children whose peer relations have been improved through a play-based cognitive restructuring program. The 5 children with negative perception on peers were selected from children who were referred by the class teacher for difficulties in peer relation. The program was practised for six week, two sessions a week and a total of 12 sessions, and 70 minutes in each session, focusing on cognitive problem solving skill training, role play, emotional education and the therapeutic factors of play such as motivation, insight and re-experience. Changes in peer relation were examined by testing the children before, during and after the program using a self-reporting peer relation scale, and changes in the children’s playing behavior were measured using a playing behavior observation chart at every other session. The results showed positive changes in their peer perception and peer expectation, as well as in their peer relation, suggesting that a play-based cognitive restructuring program brings positive changes in children’s peer relation.

인터넷 사용유형과 중독수준에 따른친구관계 및 가상공간의 현실지각

성한기,안경옥 한국건강심리학회 2005 한국심리학회지 건강 Vol.10 No.4

Apposed to existing view that all the internet addicts seem to homogeneous, it is assumed that some features of internet addicts vary with their internet user type. Based on this assumption, 456 middle and high school students were recruited and divided into internet addicts and non-addicts, then each group were divided again into relation-oriented users and individual-oriented users. Positivity of peer relation and the level of perceived reality of cyberspace of these four groups were compared. The results supported almost all hypotheses. Non-addicts showed more positive peer relation and lower level of perceived reality of cyberspace than addicts. The relation-oriented users showed more positive peer relation than the individual-oriented users. And the interaction effects of user type and addiction level were found on the two dependent variables respectively. These effects indicated that the difference of peer relation and perceived reality of cyberspace between internet addicts and non-addicts depends on their internet user type. Finally, significance and limitations of present study were discussed.

참여관찰을 통한 통합유치원에서의 장애유아와 일반유아의 상호작용 특성 연구

강영심,정혜윤 한국아동권리학회 2005 아동과 권리 Vol.9 No.3

The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of peer interaction of children in inclusive kindergarten, especially, the characteristics of interaction of children with disabilities toward children without disabilities and children without disabilities toward children with disabilities. For this study, the qualitative study has performed through participation observation. The results of the study are as follow.; The char- acteristics of peer interactions of children with disabilities toward children without disabilities are watching actions of peers, striking approached peers or taking a toy away from peers, approaching peers and participating peer's activity, suggesting game to peer with sharing a toy, smiling or physical touch properly, imitating peer's actions. And the characteristics of peer interactions of children without disabilities toward children with disabilities are calling off names, sharing playthings, suggesting activities to peer with disabilities or showing play earlier, helping peer with disabilities, advoing or excluding play, disregarding inadequate actions of children with disabilities or regarding as baby. Showing this pattern, children have attempted and maintained peer interactions each other. Through continuous peer interactions, children with disabilities have achieved advance of physical ability, utilizing utterance for peer interaction, imitating peer's play. Typical children have showed interest of child with disabilities and considering peer with disabilities. Through this experiences of interaction peers, children have expressed mutual interest, imitating each other, concerning mutually. 본 연구는 통합유치원에서 장애유아와 일반유아가 상호작용하는 행동특성을 살펴보고 그 의미를 해석하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 한 달 동안 장애유아가 통합되어 있는 유치원의 교육과정에 참여하여 관찰하는 질적 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과, 장애유아와 일반유아의 상호작용의 특성은 긍정적인 측면과 부정적인 측면으로 나타났다. 긍정적인 측면으로는, 장애유아가 또래들에게 먼저 접근하여 적극적으로 상호작용을 시도한다는 점이다. 또한 또래들에게 자주 웃어 보이거나 적절하게 신체적인 접촉을 하여 자신의 부족한 언어적 능력과 사회적 능력을 보완하였다. 일반유아들은 장애유아의 활동을 보조해주거나 도움을 주면서 상호작용을 시도하였고 놀잇감을 나누어 주면서 함께 놀이를 하였다. 부정적인 측면으로는, 장애유아가 신체적, 언어적 능력의 결함으로 인한 어려움을 일반유아가 빈번하게 도와주고, 또래간의 상호작용과정에서 장애유아의 부적절한 행동에 대해서 또래들이 지나치게 관대한 태도를 보였다는 것이다. 그러나 중요한 것은 장애유아와 일반유아는 꾸준히 서로에게 접근을 시도하고 상호작용한다는 점이다. 이러한 상호작용은 장애유아와 일반유아는 서로에 대해 보다 이해하게 되고, 친밀한 애정적 또래관계로 변화해 갈 수 있는 기본적인 토대가 된다고 하겠다.