Medical students’ perspectives on effective and ineffective teaching behaviors in lectures

문광호,박혜진 한국의학교육학회 2025 Korean journal of medical education Vol.37 No.2

Purpose: Lecture-based teaching is widely used in preclinical medical education, offering a systematic way to deliver complex information efficiently. However, its effectiveness heavily relies on the instructional behaviors of lecturers. Despite its importance, limited research has explored the specific differences between effective and ineffective teaching behaviors perceived by students. This study aims to analyze these behaviors systematically to provide actionable insights for enhancing teaching competencies.Methods: This study surveyed 92 first-year medical students to evaluate effective and ineffective teaching behaviors. A 30-item questionnaire was developed based on existing literature. Data analysis included descriptive statistics to rank teaching behaviors and chi-square tests to examine their correlations.Results: Effective behaviors included appropriate voice volume, clear pronunciation, error-free lecture materials, clear explanations of learning objectives, and humor. Ineffective behaviors were poor voice clarity, insufficient summarization, lack of follow-up session introductions, absence of online resources, and poor interaction. Significant relationships between effective and ineffective behaviors were observed in some items.Conclusion: The study highlights those effective behaviors, such as recalling prior learning, utilizing materials, and engaging students, enhance learning outcomes. Faculty development should focus on avoiding ineffective behaviors for novice faculty and reinforcing effective ones for mid-career faculty to improve teaching quality in medical education.

Medical students’ unprofessional behavior and educators’ support

Ryoko Igarashi(Ryoko Igarashi) 한국의학교육학회 2025 Korean journal of medical education Vol.37 No.1

In recent years, professionalism education has been incorporated into medical education as an important part of the curriculum. Through receiving professionalism education, most medical students gradually acquire professionalism, including a professional attitude. However, some medical students demonstrate unprofessional behavior that raises concerns among faculty and other students. There are various stages to dealing with unprofessional behavior, as follows: definition, prevention, detection, evaluation, correction, and follow-up. However, it is often difficult to identify unprofessional behavior and respond appropriately. In this study, overview of medical students’ unprofessional behavior from previous studies on medical students’ unprofessionalism behavior, and how to identify and evaluate medical students’ unprofessional behavior, and effective education that can correct medical students’ unprofessional behavior was analyzed by reviewing 52 articles. Medical students’ unprofessional behavior is classified into the following four categories: “lack of involvement,” “lack of integrity,” “lack of interaction,” and “lack of introspection.” The occurrence of unprofessional behavior was found to be attributed to personal problems, interpersonal problems, external factors, and environmental factors. Educators analyzed unprofessional behavior and its causes from four categories. Medical students should perform reflective writing to help them reflect on their unprofessional behavior. Educators should use this reflective writing to interact with medical students, and to investigate and analyze the students’ unprofessional behavior. Furthermore, educators will need to assess unprofessional behavior using a roadmap to address unprofessionalism, and to respond appropriately to each stage of the roadmap. Individualized educational interventions should be provided to help students correct their unprofessional behavior.

의료소비자의 소비가치와 온라인 정보탐색 특성에 관한 연구

안창희 ( Chang Hee Ahn ),하지현 ( Ji Hyun Ha ),이서영 ( Seo Young Lee ) 한국병원경영학회 2013 병원경영학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the information search behavior of medical consumers visiting a hospital, and investigate the consumption values of medical consumers, classified according to the information search behavior, and characteristics of online health and disease information. This study also tried to identify the factors affecting medical consumers classified according to information search behavior, and gain an extensive understanding of medical consumers`consumption values and online information use. The analysis results of this study are as follows: First, the consumption values of medical consumers were classified into a total of 7 factors, i.e. future-positive value, family-oriented value, sustainablehealth value, rational-progressive value, social-cooperative value, socialachiever value and hedonistic-individual value. Next, the characteristics of medical consumers`online information search behavior were classified into three types of consumer groups, i.e. the limited information-oriented consumer group, the practical information-oriented consumer group and the passionate information-oriented consumer group. Second, the analysis of the differences among the three groups classified according to the characteristics of the information search behavior in terms of consumption values, use of online information sources, utility and the intention to reuse online information showed that all the differences were statistically significant. The passionate information-oriented consumer group showed the highest scores in the sustainable-health value, the social-achiever value and the hedonisticindividual value. Third, the factors affecting medical consumers, classified into three groups according to the characteristics of the information search behavior, were found to be socio-demographic variables like consumers` age and occupation, consumers`consumption values, use of online information sources, and utility of online information. This study tried to understand what values medical consumers have according to the differences in the information search behavior by examining the consumption values of medical consumers according to the information search behavior. The significance of this study lies in the fact that consumption values are instrumental in understanding medical consumers by identifying the fundamental motives and desires of consumers` behavior.

대학병원 의사의 진료비심사기준 준수행동 분석

윤경일 ( Kyung Il Youn ) 한국병원경영학회 2007 병원경영학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The medical fee reimbursement denied by HIRA(Health Insurance Review Agency) amounted to about 1.2% of the total medical fee claim to HIRA for reimbursement. Most of the denials stem from the inappropriate prescriptions of medical staff violating the medical fee review standards issued by HIRA. Considering the significant impacts of the standards observance behavior on the hospitals` financial viability, we attempted to analyze the predisposition factors of medical staffs` review standards observance behavior. The TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior) was adopted as the theoretical framework of the analysis. Data were collected by administrating a survey on the concepts included in TPB model to the 187 medical staff of a tertiary care hospital. Of the 187 questionaries distributed, 150 were responded resulting 80.2% of response rate. The mean differences among the groups classified by age group, years of experience, medical specialty and gender were analysis using ANOVA. The relationships among the TPB concepts were analysed by applying the Structural Equations Modeling method. The TPB model consists of three exogenous concepts (attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control) and two endogenous concepts (intention and the behavior). The results of ANOVA indicated significant mean differences among the groups classified by the medical staff`s age, years of experience, and medical specialty. The older and the more experienced had the higher mean of observance behavior score. The results of Structural Equations analysis showed that the subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had statistically significant influences on intention, but the influence of attitude to intention was not statistically significant. The influences of perceived behavioral control and intention on behavior were significant. Based on these results the theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

The Effect of Socio-Cultural Attitude towards Appearance on the Medical Skin Care Customer Behaviors' Intention: With a Focus on the Sequential Mediating Effect of the Medical Skin Care Involvement and the Appearance Related Quality of Life

Haedeun Kim(Haedeun Kim),Eunsook Kim(Eunsook Kim) J-INSTITUTE 2022 Protection Convergence Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is such that, the socio-cultural attitude towards appearance and the effect of medical skin care customer behaviors’ intention were analyzed, and the effect of medical skin care involvement and the appearance related quality of life sequentially was studied, while the basic data was presented for stra-tegic counseling and promotional marketing expansion of medical skin care according to socio-cultural attitude towards appearance and customer behaviors’ intention. Method: In this study, a statistical analysis was performed by using the SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS macro for SPSS programs as an empirical analytical method for 507 copies through an online questionnaire in the Seoul metro-politan area targeting men and women in their 20s and 60s, and the independent sample t-test was used to confirm the difference among the major variables according to gender, and the model 6 analysis was performed by using the SPSS Process Macro to verify the research model. Results: In terms of the results of this study, first, as a result of confirming the differences among the major variables according to gender, significant differences were found in the socio-cultural attitude towards appear-ance, appearance related quality of life, and the customer behaviors’ intention. The socio-cultural attitude to-wards appearance did not directly affect the customer behaviors’ intention, but a high extent of medical skin care involvement increased appearance related quality of life and affected the customer behaviors’ intention where the sequential mediating effect was found, and in terms of the difference between male and female pathways, it was found that the higher the quality of life related to appearance, the higher the customer behaviors’ intention. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, women with high skin care behavior according to the socio-cultural attitude and aesthetic desire and men with a weakened relationship between quality of life and customer behaviors’ intention were appropriate for the intention to purchase according to their appearance, depending on gender, and from a positive point of view, it is necessary to approach the counseling services and marketing that can increase the intention to purchase through the external beauty. The increase in the appearance related qual-ity of life according to the extent of medical skin care involvement affects the customer behaviors’ intention, which provides the service information that can promote a stable life and provides self-care through the various beauty lifestyles through the skin care, and hence, it is considered that it would be necessary to provide the information that not only self-satisfaction but also the overall quality of life is affected.

의과대학/의학전문대학원 학생들의 학습에 대한 신념

박재현,Park, Jaehyun 연세대학교 의과대학 2012 의학교육논단 Vol.14 No.2

Learning in medical school is usually regarded as a very specialized type of learning compared to that of other academic disciplines. Medical students might have general beliefs about their own learning. Beliefs about learning have a critical effect on learning behavior. There are several factors that affect medical students' learning behavior: epistemological beliefs, learning styles, learning strategies, and learning beliefs. Several studies have addressed epistemological beliefs, learning styles, and learning strategies in medical education. There are, however, few studies that have reported on medical students' beliefs about learning. The purpose of this study was to determine what learning beliefs medical students have, what the causes of these beliefs are, and how medical educators teach students who have such beliefs. In this study, the five learning beliefs are assumed and we considered how these beliefs can affect students' learning behaviors. They include: 1) medical students are expected to learn a large amount of information in a short time. 2) memorization is more important than understanding to survive in medical schools. 3) learning is a competition and work is independent, rather than collaborative. 4) reading textbooks is a heavy burden in medical education. 5) the most effective teaching and learning method is the lecture. These learning beliefs might be the results of various hidden curricula, shared experiences of the former and the present students as a group, and personal experience. Some learning beliefs may negatively affect students' learning. In conclusion, the implications of medical students' learning beliefs are significant and indicate that students and educators can benefit from opportunities that make students' beliefs about learning more conscious.

한국 의과대학의 행동과학 강좌 개설 실태조사 및 표준 교수요목 개발

박정한(Jung Han Park),이주영(Ju Young Lee),강복수(Pock Soo Kang) 한국의학교육학회 1999 Korean journal of medical education Vol.11 No.2

우리 나라 의과대학의 행동과학 교육실태를 파악하고, 바람직한 학습목표와 교수요목을 개발하기 위하여 1996년 1월 전국 32개 의과대학의 행동과학과목 담당 책임교수를 대상으로 행동과학 교육 실태를 조사하고, Delphi기법으로 바람직한 학습목표와 교수요목을 개발하였다. 1차 설문조사에서는 32개 의과대학 중 27개 의과대학의 담당교수가 응답하였고, 2차 조사에 23명, 3차 조사에 19명이 응답하였다. 의과대학에서의 행동과학 학습목표는 인간의 행동을 생물학적, 심리학적, 사회․문화적 측면에 대한 이해, 신체와 정신의 관계 (스트레스와 질병) 이해, 의사와 환자 관계 형성 기법 습득, 환자에 대한 전인적인 접근에 관한 지식과 기술 습득 등의 내용을 포함하는 것이 타당하다. 기본적인 교수요목으로는 의학과 행동과학 (행동의 기본 원리), 신체와 정신, 성장과 발달, 가족과 건강, 의료와 사회 및 문화, 질병행동, 의사의 본질, 의사-환자 관계, 의사소통 (임상면담), 인간 행태의 심리학적 측면 (사회심리학, 건강과 질병에 대한 인간행태)이 포함되어야 한다. 현재 행동과학 교수요목 가운데 정신과 영역과 의료윤리 영역이 포함되어 있는 것은 정신과학과 의료윤리학 과목에서 강의하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 조사결과와 외국문헌을 참고하여 작성한 바람직한 행동과학 교수요목은 표 9와 같다. 학습시기는 의학과 1학년 및 2학년에 걸쳐 통합교육으로 편성하여 다른 임상실습교육과 연계하여 실시하는 것이 바람직하며, 현재 행동과학의 강의시간 평균 25.2시간을 최소한 48시간 이상으로 늘리고, 소집단 학습, 패널토의, 사례연구, 역할극 및 실습 등의 다양한 학습방법을 개발하여 교육의 효과를 높여야 할 것이다. 교육담당은 정신과학 교수가 단독으로 맡는 것보다 행동과학 관련 교수들이 팀을 이루어 가르치는 것이 권고할 만하다. OBJECTIVES: To survey the behavioral science education in Korean medical schools and to develop a standard syllabus for behavioral science course. SUBJECTS: Professors who are in charge of behavioral science course in 32 medical schools in 1996. METHODS: To develop a standard syllabus of behavioral science course for medical school Delphi technique was used. A questionnaire was mailed to each professor who was in charge of the behavioral science course in 32 medical schools to ask about the course objectives and contents and educational method in January 1996 and 27 questionnaires were completed and returned. The course objectives and syllabi of 27 medical schools were listed and mailed to the same professors to check his/her opinion on the necessity of each item for the behavioral science course. Twenty-three questionnaires were returned and analyzed. The opinion of 23 respondents on each objective and syllabus were listed again and mailed back to the respondents and asked to check if he/she agree with the other respondents opinion. Nineteen questionnaires were collected. From this results a standard syllabus was developed. RESULTS: We recommend that educational objectives of behavioral science course for medical students include understanding of human behavior in biologic, psychologic and sociocultural contexts, understanding of the relationship between body and mind (stress and diseases), acquiring techniques for establishing doctor-patient relationship, and acquiring knowledge and skill for holistic approach to patient care. Recommendable syllabi for behavioral science course are medicine and behavioral science (basic principles of human behavior), body and mind, growth and development, family and health, medical care and society and culture, illness behavior, physician s identity, doctor-patient relationship, communication (clinical interview), and psychologic aspects of human behavior. We recommend that the behavioral science course be offered in the first and second grades of medical students, be integrated into the medical curriculum to link better with clinical courses. Duration of course needs to be expanded from 25.2 hours on the average at present to at least 48 hours. To improve the effectiveness of behavioral science education, it is necessary to develop various teaching methods such as small group discussion, panel discussion, case study, role play and clinical practicum. It is recommended that behavioral science be taught by a team consisted of behavioral scientists and physicians with behavioral science background including psychiatrists instead of by psychiatrist alone.

韓國醫療旅游競爭力因素對實際消費行爲和顧客忠誠度的影響

김향란 ( Jin Xiang Lan ),황윤영 ( Hwang Yun Young ) 경남대학교 산업경영연구소 2018 지역산업연구 Vol.41 No.3

This study first examines the competitive factors of medical tourism, analyzes the influence of medical tourism competitiveness factors on actual purchasing behavior, and analyzes the effect of actual purchasing behavior on customer loyalty. In addition, we investigate whether there is a mediating effect between competitive factors and actual purchasing behavior according to medical tourism type and satisfaction, and mediating effects between medical tourism competitive factors and customer loyalty. In this study, medical tourism competitiveness factors were selected as medical technology, price, and geographical factors. The subjects of this study were limited to Chinese who had medical tourism experience in Korea. A total of 230 questionnaires were collected and 208 questions were used for the analysis except for the unreliable response data. Only the geographical factors among the factors of medical tourism competitiveness presented in this study have a positive effect on actual consumption behavior. And the actual consumption behaviors of medical tourists have a positive effect on customer loyalty. The higher the satisfaction of medical tourists, the more positive the medical technology level has on the actual consumption behavior. Actual consumption behavior has played a mediating role between geographical factors and customer loyalty.

당직 근무중 발생한 의료사고에서 당직의료인의 업무상과실을 인정하기 위한 요건 - 대법원 2005. 6. 10. 선고 2005도314 판결을 중심으로 -

김영태 대한의료법학회 2008 의료법학 Vol.9 No.1

의료사고에 있어서 의사의 과실을 인정하기 위해서는 의사가 결과발생을 예견할 수 있었음에도 불구하고 그 결과발생을 예견하지 못하였고 그 결과발생을 회피할 수 있었음에도 불구하고 그 결과발생을 회피하지 못한 과실이 검토되어야 하고, 그 과실의 유무를 판단함에는 같은 업무와 직무에 종사하는 일반적 보통인의 주의정도를 표준으로 하여야 하며, 이에는 사고당시의 일반적인 의학의 수준과 의료환경 및 조건, 의료행위의 특수성 등이 고려되어야 함. 이러한 원칙은 당직근무중 발생한 의료사고에서도 예외없이 적용됨. 다만, 당직 근무라는 특수성으로 인하여 어떤 의사이든지 간에 평상시와 같은 의료수준에 적합한 모든 진단, 치료방법을 동원하고 시설을 이용하여 진료실행시에 기술적 주의를 다하는 등의 행동을 하기가 곤란하고 사회관념상으로 기대하기 어려움. 이러한 관점에서 당직의료인 관련 대법원판결을 살펴보면, 당직근무중 발생한 의료사고에 대하여 그렇지 아니한 의료사고에 비하여 사고당시의 일반적인 의학의 수준과 의료환경 및 조건, 의료행위의 특수성 등을 더 고려하여 업무상과실유무를 판단하고 있는 것으로 보여지고, 당직의료인에서도 특히 응급 당직의료인은 병동 당직의료인 보다 의료행위의 특수성을 더 인정하고 있는 것으로 판단된다. To accept the doctor's professional negligence in the medical malpractice, the mistakes, by which the doctor did not foresee the production of the results in spite of the possibility of foresight and did not avoid the production of the results in spite of the possibility of avoidance, must be considered, and to decide the presence of the doctor's professional negligence, the standard must be the attention standard of general-common doctor engaged in the same business and the same function, and the medical enviornments, the conditions, the extraordinary nature of medical behavior, and etc should be considered by the general level of medical science at the time of accident. This principlel must be applied to the medical malpractice case occurred being on duty without exception. But, because of the extraordinary nature of duty work, it is difficult for any doctor to do one's best technical practice by making all diagnosis, medical treatment with all the equipment on the same plane as the ordinary times. That cannot be also expected for any doctor to do one's best technical practice in the terms of a social idea. From this point of view looking into The Precedent case related to Medical-service person being on duty sentenced by The Supreme Court, unlike the general medical malpractice case, the presence of the professional negligence in the medical malpractice occurred being on duty seems to be decided with more consideration on the general level of medical science, the medical enviornments and the conditions, particularities of medical practice at the time of accident. Especially, the extraordinary nature of medical behavior of the medical service person being on duty in the emergency room seems to be admitted compared to that of the medical service person being on duty in ward.

자폐범주성장애 학생의 식행동에 대한 특수교사, 영양교사, 전문의의 경험 및 지원요구 고찰

김유리(Kim, Yuri),이숙향(Suk-Hyang Lee),김유리(Kim, Yu-Ri),오지은(Oh, Jieun),안혜신(An Hyesin),김나경(Kim, Nakyung) 한국자폐학회 2021 자폐성 장애연구 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구에서는 자폐범주성장애(ASD) 학생의 식생활 문제의 예방 및 지도를 위해 ASD 학생의 식행동에 대한 특수교사, 영양교사, 전문의의 경험 및 지원요구를 조사하였다. 이를위해 특수학교 특수교사 10명, 영양교사 7명, 정신과 전문의 5명을 대상으로 포커스 그룹면담 및 개별면담을 진행하였다. 모든 면담자료는 지속적 비교법을 통해 분석하였으며 그 결과 다음과 같이 6개의 대주제가 도출되었다: (1) 식행동 유형, (2) 식행동 관련 문제, (3) 식행동 영향요인, (4) 식행동에 대한 대처 및 지도, (5) 식행동 지도의 어려움, (6) 식행동지도 관련 지원요구. 도출된 대주제 및 하위주제를 바탕으로 ASD 학생의 식행동 문제 예방 및 지도, 후속 연구를 위해 다음과 같은 제언이 제시되었다: 1) ASD 학생의 식행동 특성 및 예방적 지원, 2) ASD 학생의 식행동 지도를 위한 조기교육 및 교육자료 개발, 3) ASD 학생의 식행동 지도를 위한 정보제공 및 다학문적 접근. The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences and support needs of special education teachers, nutrition teachers, and medical specialists regarding eating behaviors of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in order to prevent problems of eating behaviors among students with ASD. Focus group interviews and individual interviews were conducted with 10 special education teachers, 7 nutrition teachers, and 5 medical specialists. All collected data were analyzed using a constant comparative method. Using qualitative analysis, the following six themes emerged: (a) types of eating behaviors, (b) problems related to eating behaviors, (c) factors influencing eating behaviors, (d) dealing with and teaching eating behaviors, (e) difficulties in teaching eating behaviors, (f) support needs regarding teaching eating behaviors. Our study findings provide information and may be used to guide future research in the following areas: (a) characteristics of eating behaviors of students with ASD and preventive supports for eating-related problem, (b) early intervention and development of instructional materials to teach eating behaviors, and (c) information and interdisciplinary approaches to teaching eating behaviors.