Implementation of the Agricultural Mechanization by Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

( Dromwa Latebo Hugues ) 한국농공학회 2020 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2020 No.-

The objective of this study is to be able to implement agricultural mechanization in all the provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo given that the country has an enormous agricultural potential but often negligeted. Several attempts at agricultural mechanization have always ended in failure; however agricultural mechanization remains the lever of sustainable and profitable agriculture. By approaching this subject, we will provide solutions to the problems of the implementation of agricultural mechanization in the DRC. We applied Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to give a specific weight for each criterion, by developing a questionnaire that we submitted to agricultural experts. The statistical analysis on the data from the main crops of the DRC allowed us to identify the provinces which are less productive in order to be able to allocate some machines necessary for this mechanization. The result of this study will show us the provinces which are likely to be benefit from mechanized agriculture and to propose some strategies for a good implementation of agricultural mechanization.

밭농업 기계화 지원정책 개선을 위한 한·일 정책 비교 연구

유리나,황수철 한국농촌계획학회 2018 농촌계획 Vol.24 No.4

This is a comparative study on the policy of Korea and Japan for improving upland farming mechanization. Purpose of the study is to set a policy direction of improving efficiency of farm management by using agricultural machinery. Research topic is the agricultural mechanization policy at the national level. The research attempts to classify mechanization policies into framework plan, R&D, rent and lease program, upland farm promotion policies. Major features of the comparative analysis are followed. First, there is a similarity between policies of Korea and Japan in terms of the aim of framework plan and other policies settings. However, Japanese policies focus more on the joint management of farming than Korean policies. Japanese policies take an entire system covering from farm to market into account. Second, Japanese policies have much attention to the agricultural organizations such as corporate, cooperatives that are eligible for using agricultural machinery. This is different from Korean policy. Thus, upland farming mechanization policy needs to set priority, and to have systemic approach. Also, upland farming mechanization policy has to be facilitated in accordance with producer organizations and their marketing strategies.

농작업 기계화에 따른 여성 및 고령자 농작업인의 안전사고 예방대책에 관한 연구

권규식,양원영 한국경영공학회 2010 한국경영공학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Agricultural workers have been replacing their work deficiency by using a kind of mechanization. This technology development increasing abruptly to the new level refine on mechanization and further automation is becoming high-tech. But generally some women and the elderly working in a farm working machinery faced a series of accidents due to the lack of enough experience. Therefore, for agricultural mechanization negligent accident research on this actual condition through surveys of their limitation and characteristics has understood and the ways for the safe of farmworkers, agricultural machine, and institutional improvement suggested to prevent these accidents.

정식기 기계화 위한 북부, 중부, 남부지역 엽채류의 재식거리 측정

주성민 ( Seong-min Ju ),임완태 ( Lim-wan-tae ),황인석 ( In-seok-hwang ),신창섭 ( Chang-seop Shin ) 한국농업기계학회 2023 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.2

밭작물의 정식 작업에 대한 Mechanization의 요구는 지속적으로 제기 되어 왔고, 밭 농업 기계화율이 가장 낮은 작업은 정식 작업이다. 국내 Planting Machine 생산의 흐름을 만들어 왔던 국내의 주요 업체들이 최근 생산을 중단해서 Planting Machine 생산 기업과 대학 및 기관의 공동 연구가 더욱 절실해진 상황이다. 배추, 양배추 등 Leafy vegetables의 Planting Machine를 생산하는 국내 기업이 전무한 현재의 상황을 타개하기 위한 Leafy vegetables 정식기의 국내생산 기업체 육성이 필요한 상황이다. Planting Machine Mechanization의 문제점을 알고자 1년차 연구 과제인 범용 Leafy vegetables Planting Machine Mechanization를 위한 생육조사를 위해 북부지역, 중부지역, 남부지역의 농업기술원 및 농가의 현장을 통해 재배양식을 조사했다. 배추 또는 양배추의 조간거리, 주간거리, 높이를 측정하였다. 북부지역은 태백, 봉평, 안반데기를 가서 재식거리 측정을 통해 태백 배추의 조간거리는 64cm, 주간거리는 40cm, 높이는 20cm, 봉평 배추의 조간거리는 67cm, 주간거리는 30cm, 높이는 10cm, 안반데기 배추의 조간거리는 70cm, 주간거리는 40cm, 높이는 10cm 라는 결과가 나왔다. 중부지역은 충북의 청주에서 재식거리 측정을 했다. 남부지역은 해남, 나주에서 재식거리 측정을 했다. 본 연구에서는 북부지역 배추, 중부지역 배추, 남부지역 배추의 재식거리를 측정하였다. 북부지역에서 태백 배추, 봉평 배추, 안반데기 배추의 조간거리, 주간거리, 높이가 각각 다른 부분의 결과가 나왔고, 남부지역에서 해남 가을 배추, 해남 겨울 배추, 나주 배추의 조간거리, 주간거리, 높이가 다른 부분의 결과가 나왔다. 충북 농업기술원은 북부, 남부 지역과는 다르게 여러 종자를 매뉴얼에 맞춰 심는 것으로 조사 되었다. 북부지역, 중부지역, 남부지역의 재식거리 측정을 통해 Leafy vegetables Planting Machine 기계화율 증진을 기대하고자 한다.

INS/GPS 통합에 따른 관성 센서 에러율 감소 방법

Iftikhar Khan,백승현(Seunghyun Baek),박경린(Gyungleen Park),강성민(Sungmin Kang),이연석(Yeonseok Lee),정태경(Taikyeong Jeong) 대한전자공학회 2009 電子工學會論文誌-SC (System and control) Vol.46 No.3

GPS 와 INS 통합시스템은 저가 MEMS 기술의 결과에 따라 대중적으로 널리 사용되기에 이르렀다. 그러나 저가센서에 의한 현재의 성과는 관성센서의 큰 에러 때문에 여전히 낮은 실정이다. 이것은 제한된 도시환경 안에서의 비행범위 때문에 더욱 관련이 있다. 이러한 관성센서 에러를 줄이면서 동시에 위성의 활용성을 높이기 위하여 GPS 와 저가 INS 는 연성으로 결합되어 Kalman Filter 설계를 응용하여 상호 통합되어진다. 본 논문에서는 연성으로 결합된 Kalman Filter를 이용한 GPS/INS 센서 통합을 제공한다. 우리는 또한 경로의 기하학에 의해 또는 그 목적 시간 위치 따라 수학적으로 설명하는 ZH45C 궤도장치에 의한 산출된 기준 Wander Azimuth Strapdown Mechanization의 시뮬레이터 결과를 비교하여 검증하다. GPS and INS integrated systems are expected to become commonly available as a result of low cost Micro-Electro-Mechanical Sensor (MEMS) techNoogy. However, the current performance achieved by low cost sensors is still relatively poor due to the large inertial sensor errors. This is particularly prevalent in the urban environment where there are significant periods of restricted sky view. To reduce the inertial sensor error, GPS and low cost INS are integrated using a Loosely Coupled Kalman Filter architecture which is appropriate in most applications where there is good satellite availability. In this paper, we present the GPS/INS sensor Integration using Loosely Coupled Kalman Filter approach. We also compare the simulation results of Wander Azimuth Strapdown Mechanization Scheme with the reference values generated by the ZH35C trajectory simulator that is describe mathematically either by the geometry of the path, or as the position of the object over time.

K.E. 보로쉴로프와 적군(赤軍) 기병대

이정하(Jeong-Ha Lee) 한국서양사연구회 2013 서양사연구 Vol.0 No.49

There seemed no place for the cavalrymen on the technological battlefield after the First World War. Many historians have been too ready to accept that cavalrymen in the interwar period were opposed to innovations because of their innate conservatism, the stubborn commitment to horse and its outmoded adherence to their organization. Even until now, almost all historians have written that the mechanization, one of the most important military innovations between the World Wars, was retarded due to the conservative cavalrymen who were unable to adapt to the technological realities of modern wars and unwilling to concede their own obsolescence. This is also the underlying assumption that has dominated the literatures on the Soviet mechanization program and the Red Cavalry. In the case of the Red Army, the alleged culprit was K.E. Voroshilov(1881-1969), the man chosen by I.V. Stalin to serve as Peoples’ Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs from 1925 to 1934 and Commissar for Defence from 1934 to 1940. Many previous accounts have viewed the Red Army’s cavalry(or Red Cavalry) commanders just as the group of military-ignorant technophobes, Stalin’s fanatical loyal and reactionary cronies, furthermore, and the principal factor of the early military disaster of the Soviet-German War. Many commentators have criticized the pernicious role of the veteran cavalry commanders who dominated the Red Army for much of the interwar period and whose influence was accentuated by the purge of 1936-1938. According to them, the purge was a plot against the innovators around M.N. Tukhachevskii by the cavalry commanders in the political aids of Stalin, by means of which Voroshilov aimed to preserve his leadership and safeguard the cavalry’s parochial organizational security in the Red Army as well as to wipeout anything mechanization. This article aims to reassess some key charges against Voroshilov and to try to inquire into the Red Cavalry’s responses to new technological situation after the Russian Civil War. It will be argued that Voroshilov’s cavalry bias was a kind of myth of the Soviet historians writing in the era of De-Stalinization, a convenient way to contain as much as possible the blame for the military purge and the Red Army’s poor showing in 1941. Admitting that it was easy to find evidence of frankly reactionary cavalry commanders such as S.M. Budennyi(1883-1973), however, Voroshilov believed that the heyday of cavalry was gone, but that mechanization and armored vehicles were not just inevitable but welcome to increase the tactical and strategic role of the Red Cavalry.

Working speed optimization for the existing four-bar linkage-based transplanter

( Bhola Paudel ),( Jayanta Kumar Basak ),( Seong Woo Jeon ),( Gun Ho Lee ),( Hyeon Tae Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2022 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.2

The increasing demand for vegetable products can be fulfilled by increasing productivity, which could be achieved through effective mechanization. However, compared to the harvesting and threshing machinery, the development in the transplanter machine sector is still limited. There is a lack of automated seedling transplanters which could transplant multiple seedlings crops, as most of the existing transplanters are designed to work at a single speed, which results in a single plant spacing not suitable for different crops. Therefore, this study tried to optimize the existing transplanter, which works at a single and relatively low speed, to work at multiple speeds corresponding to other commercial transplanters. Firstly, the existing planter unit's design features were extracted and designed in the commercial simulation software. The real trajectory of the planter was extracted from highspeed camera video and compared with the simulated result to ensure the accuracy of the design. Next, the planter design was simulated at a different working speed (150 - 350 mm/s) similar to commercial transplanters and extracted the working trajectories. The working trajectories were compared, and the speeds whose trajectories tend to meet the requirement for ideal trajectories were selected. The selected speeds were tested for the planter in the soil bin test experiment, and it found that the planter unit can be operated at the speed of 200mm/s, 250 mm/s and 300 mm/s with crank rotation of 30, 40 and 50 rpm. The selected speed combinations are similar to that of other commercially available transplanters, and the test bin result showed that the planting performance of the planters was within the permissible range

A Gyro-Free INS Algorithm in the Navigation Frame and Its Application to the Spinning Vehicle with High Rotation Rate

이준학,김혜원,도재철,남창우,황동환,이상정 사단법인 항법시스템학회 2018 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.7 No.2

Conventional inertial measurement units cannot be used in the spinning vehicle with high rotation rate due to gyro's narrow operation range. By the way, angular acceleration can be measured using the accelerometer array distributed in the vehicle. This paper derives a mechanization for the gyro-free INS in the navigation frame, and proposes a gyro-free INS algorithm based on the derived mechanization. In addition, the proposed algorithm is used to estimate angular velocity, attitude, velocity, and position of a spinning vehicle with high rotation rate. A MATLAB-based software platform is configured in order to show validation of the proposed algorithm. The reference trajectory of a spinning vehicle at 3 round per second, 30 round per second are set up, and the outputs of accelerometer are generated when triads of accelerometer are located at the origin and all the axes. Navigation results of the proposed algorithm for the generated output are presented. The results show that the proposed navigation algorithm can be applied to the spinning vehicle with high rotation rate.

A Gyro-Free INS Algorithm in the Navigation Frame and Its Application to the Spinning Vehicle with High Rotation Rate

Lee, Junhak,Kim, Heyone,Oh, Sang Heon,Do, Jae Chul,Nam, Chang Woo,Hwang, Dong-Hwan,Lee, Sang Jeong The Institute of Positioning 2018 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.7 No.2

Conventional inertial measurement units cannot be used in the spinning vehicle with high rotation rate due to gyro's narrow operation range. By the way, angular acceleration can be measured using the accelerometer array distributed in the vehicle. This paper derives a mechanization for the gyro-free INS in the navigation frame, and proposes a gyro-free INS algorithm based on the derived mechanization. In addition, the proposed algorithm is used to estimate angular velocity, attitude, velocity, and position of a spinning vehicle with high rotation rate. A MATLAB-based software platform is configured in order to show validation of the proposed algorithm. The reference trajectory of a spinning vehicle at 3 round per second, 30 round per second are set up, and the outputs of accelerometer are generated when triads of accelerometer are located at the origin and all the axes. Navigation results of the proposed algorithm for the generated output are presented. The results show that the proposed navigation algorithm can be applied to the spinning vehicle with high rotation rate.

1969년 한글 자판 표준화

김태호(Kim, Tae-Ho) 역사비평사 2015 역사비평 Vol.- No.113

This article critically reviews the state-led standardization of Korean typewriter keyboard in 1969, which became the precursor of the current standard Korean keyboard for personal computers and other electronic devices. By the early 1960s, various kinds of Korean typewriters had been developed by amateur inventors. Market for the Korean typewriters also emerged from scratch, but the diversity of typing mechanism and key arrangement was soon considered to be the main obstacle against further growth of the typewriter market, which was believed to be synonymous to the modernization of Korean language. South Korean state intervened to the market, to establish a new standard keyboard in 1969. The standard keyboard, however, faced severe criticisms from the existing typewriter makers, because the government did not acknowledge any existing keyboard and mandated an entirely new keyboard based on a new mechanism. The Yushin dictatorship could manage to silence dissenting voices and successfully propagate the new standard keyboard, by officially approving it as a part of formal education. The standard typewriter keyboard was modied again in 1983 to be compatible with electronic devices, and has become stabilized as the national standard along with the popularization of personal computer in South Korea. However, some of the amateur inventors, including the celebrity ophthalmologist Kong Pyung Woo, did not endorse the standardization imposed from above, and carried on ctiticism against the standard keyboard and advocation of their own minority machines. Their dissidence was often mixed with protest against the dictatorship, and this overlap in turn served as moral justication of the marginalized keyboard for its advocates.