투고논문 : 문답식 산문의 특징에 대한 연구 -이규보(李奎報)의 문답식 산문을 중심으로-

우지영 ( Jee Young Woo ) 동방한문학회 2012 東方漢文學 Vol.0 No.50

문답식 산문이란 작가가 자신의 생각을 효과적으로 드러내기 위한 문학적 장치로서 가설적인 질문과 대답을 설정하여 서술하는 방식의 산문을 말한다. 문답 형식은 일반적으로 논설류의 하위 체식으로 구분되어 왔으며, 의론성을 개진해내기 위한 효과적인 서술기법으로 자리잡아왔다. 그리고 논설류가 아니더라도 의론성이 강한 작품에서 주장을 설득력있게 전달하기 위한 서술 기법으로 원용되었다. 문답식 산문의 특징으로 議論性·敍事性·寓意性의 세 가지를 거론하였다. ``의론성``은 문답식 산문이 가지는 說理性, 즉 논변적인 특성을 의미한다. 작가의 主旨를 효과적으로 주장하고 독자를 설득해 내기 위한 방안의 하나로 주객 대화의 서술 기법이 사용된다는 것이다. ``서사성``은 구체적인 사건에 대한 형상화를 통한 이야기로서의 특성을 의미한다. 질문과 답변의 단순한 구조 이외에 상황적 배경에 대한 서술이 이루어진다면 등장인물간의 문답은 현장성과 개연성을 지니게 되어 발언이 더욱 설득력 있게 다가올 수 있다. ``우의성``은 주지를 직설적으로 표출해 내는 것이 아니라 다른 이야기를 빌려와서 기탁하는 특성을 의미한다. 문답식 산문에서 이상의 세 가지 특징은 각각 대등한 위치를 차지하는 것이 아니라 서사적인 특성과 우의적인 특성이 의론적인 특성에 종속되는 것으로 파악할 수 있다. 즉, 서사성과 우의성은 문답식 산문의 의론성을 더욱 부각시키기 위하여 복무하는 역할을 한다는 것이다. 본고에서 논의한 내용을 한국한문학의 문답식 산문 전체에 대한 일반론으로 확대시키는 문제는 차후의 논의를 통하여 보완해나가야 할 과제로 남겼다. Catechetical prose is a narrative prose by setting a hypothetical question and answer as a literary device to reveal writer`s thoughts effectively. Catechetical form generally is divided as the article mode`s sub-sections. And it has become a effectively narrative technique to state disputatious charac- teristics. It was used as a narrative technique to convey writer`s persistence persuasively in a literary work which has strong disputatious characteristics. I said that features of catechetical prose is disputatious characteristics, narrative characteristics, and figurative characteristics. Disputatious characteristics is explanatory characteristics, that is, it means argumentative characteristics. Namely, it use host and guest`s conversation description method to insist writer`s intention effectively and persuade readers. Narrative characteristics means a story which is imagery about a specific incident. Comments can be persuasive if there is description about a situational background besides a simple structure of question and answer. Figurative characteristics means it alludes a core using an indirect way, not a direct way. But narrative characteristics and figurative characteristics are subordinate to disputatious characteristics, not that these characteristics are on equal terms in catechetical prose. In other words, narrative characteristics and figurative characteristics are necessary to redound to disputatious characteristics of catechetical prose.

한국 암각화와 북방아시아 지역 암각화의 조형적인 특징 비교 연구

김호석 ( Ho Suk Kim ) 중앙아시아학회 2007 中央아시아硏究 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of the present study is to determine how the origin of Korean boulder petroglyphs had relevance to Northern Asian petroglyphs. Figurative characteristics of petroglyphs in the two regions could be analyzed by defining similarities and differences. Petroglyphs in two regions shared common process of production and development of formation. It showed that process of petroglyphs` production in the two regions had significant meaning of formative art progress in their society. Korean petroglyphs had distinctive characteristics in their forming process. After they were acquired visual verisimilitude, their truth to nature faded away as they became abstract. In order to describe hunting animals, they simplified the objects` essence of characteristics as an illustrated animal book. The figures were independently composed on boulders one by one, not in coordination with each figure. Thus, overall sense of mood was rather being passive than active in those composition. In addition to being passive mood, such simple and abstract figures, discovered in Chunjeon-ri and Chilpo-ri, could not be found in Northern Asia region. Northern Asian petroglyphs were similar to each piece that was formed under the same tradition of expression. Therefore, they expressed objects in a realistic sense. They conveyed active feeling that they focused on describing movements of hunting to express their realistic action. Their descriptions were empathized with exaggeration and distortion that differed from their strong desire for expressing reality. And the petroglyphs turned into picturesque objects with their artistic expression. The petroglyphs were composed in coordination with each figure on boulders, which was meant to express. In addition, each figure was displayed independently, yet characteristic of the overall mood in the compositions was similar to Korean petroglyphs. These different methods in expression and composition sought to define the differences of aesthetic formation between the two regions. According to these factors, Korean and Northern Asian petroglyphs differed in cultural aspects.

조선 후기 청주 지역 관련 야담에 나타난 인물 형상과 서사적 특성

정충권(Jeong, Choong-kwon) 국어국문학회 2020 국어국문학 Vol.0 No.193

이 글에서는 조선 후기의 야담들 중 청주를 공간적 배경으로 한 작품들을 텍스트로 하여 그 속 인물 형상과 서사적 특성을 살펴 청주의 이미지를 끌어내어 보고자하였다. 우선, 청주를 배경으로 했다고 여겨지는 야담 작품 15편을 추출하였으며, 이 텍스트들을, 그 속 인물 형상과 서사적 특성을 중심으로 하여 분석해 보았다. 그 결과 일단 충신, 열부 및 사대부로서 자존심과 의리를 지키는 인물들이 중요시되고 있음을 알았다. 이는 여타 지역과 공유하는 현상일 것이지만 그 이면의 진실도 놓치지 않으려는 의도가 담겨 있음은 그 나름대로의 특징이라 할 수 있었다. 그 무엇보다 의미 있는 사항은 몰락 양반들이 높은 비중을 지니고 있다는 점이었다. 그 중에는 자신이 애초에 지닌 기득권을 벗어던지고 청주에서 새로운 삶을 시작하여 경제적으로 성공한 인물들이 있는가 하면, 자신의 부친이나 조부의 시혜로 인한, 수혜자의 보은 행위로써 향후의 삶에 큰 도움을 받는 인물들도 있었다. 그리고 몰락 양반 이외에는 장터를 배경으로 하여 개인적 이익을 추구하는 자들이 있었으며, 수혜자가 시혜자의 후손에게 극적으로 보은을 할 수 있게 됨으로써 결과적으로 신의의 중요성을 부각시킨 인물들도 있었다. 이상의 인물 형상 및 서사적 특성을 단서로 하여 조선 후기 야담에 담긴 청주의 이미지를 추출하여 보았다. 그 결과, 청주는 진정성 있는 충, 열, 의리 등을 추앙하여 정신 문화의 중심을 지향하는 곳이면서, 실의한 후 새로운 변화를 모색하는 재기의 공간이기도 하고, 개인의 이익을 추구하는 경제 활동과 공동체적 경제 활동이 공존하는 경제 도시인 데다, 신의와 보은의 인간다운 모습을 긍정하는 이들의 거주 공간으로서의 이미지가 담긴 곳이었다. 물론 본 논의는 조선 후기 야담을 대상으로 한 것이어서 그만큼의 한정적 의의만이 부여되어야 한다는 점은 인정해야 할 것이다. This study attempted to discuss the issue of Cheongju’s image using texts of works with a spatial background among yadam in the late Joseon dynasty. First, this study extracted 15 works of yadam that were supposed to be based on Cheongju region, and analyzed these texts focusing on figures and narrative characteristics. First of all, as loyal vassals, virtuous daughterin-law and the literati, the pride and righteousness were regarded important. It may be a phenomenon shared with other regions, but it was characterized by the intention not to miss the truth behind it. Most importantly, what is meaningful is that the fallen noblemen had the highest percentage. Among them are some people who have thrown away their vested interests, started a new life in Cheongju, and succeeded economically, whereas there were some people who received great help in their future lives through the act of repaying of their beneficiaries due to the dispensation of their father or grandfather. In addition to the fallen noblemen, there were those who pursued personal gains against the background of the market ground, and as a beneficiary, some were able to pay back dramatically to the descendants of those who offered the dispensation, resulting in raising the importance of truthfulness. Using the above figures and narrative characteristics as clues, this study deduced and synthesized the items that are the image of Cheongju region contained in yadam of late Joseon dynasty. As a result, Cheongju was oriented towards the center of mental culture, with respect for authentic loyalty, fidelity and righteousness, it was also a place of recovery where people seek new changes, it was an economic city where economic activities for the benefit of individuals and community economic activities co‐exist, and it was a place of images as a living space for those who affirmed the humanity of truthfulness and repaying grace. As a matter of fact, since this discussion is for yadam in the late Joseon dynasty, it should be acknowledged that only limited significance is to be given.

삼척지역문학의 양상 고찰 ―1세대 시문학을 중심으로

남기택 한국언어문학회 2008 한국언어문학 Vol.67 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the characteristic in Samcheok regional literature. Especially, this paper give attention to poetic works. Samcheok regional literature started in earnest in the 1960s. The first literary journal Dong-ye, and other coteries, such as Bulmoji, Jukseoru, Soojeok, Yoeongshi Munhak, came into existence in this period. The activities of these coteries were largely amateurish. ‘Duta Literary Coterie’ was established in 1969 as ‘Samcheok Literary Coterie’ and its collection of works, Samcheok Sidan, is the genuine starting point of Samcheok literature. It changed its title in 1978 and has been publishing its collection of works entitled Duta Munhak. Other noteworthy people of this period include Jin Intak, Choi Inhui, Lee Seonggyo, and Kim Yeongjun. Their works describe the regional lives resorting mostly to short lyricism. With respect to the image and the language, they make use of traditional figuration. These are characteristic of the identity of Samcheok regional literature. Meanwhile, one of the challenges ahead for the regional literature should be the revitalization of the regional literature through gaining ‘diversity.’

삼척지역문학의 양상 고찰

남기택(Nam Gitaek) 한국언어문학회 2008 한국언어문학 Vol.67 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the characteristic in Samcheok regional literature. Especially, this paper give attention to poetic works. Samcheok regional literature started in earnest in the 1960s. The first literary journal Dong-ye, and other coteries, such as Bulmoji, Jukseoru, Soojeok, Yoeongshi Munhak, came into existence in this period. The activities of these coteries were largely amateurish. ‘Duta Literary Coterie’ was established in 1969 as ‘Samcheok Literary Coterie’ and its collection of works, Samcheok Sidan, is the genuine starting point of Samcheok literature. It changed its title in 1978 and has been publishing its collection of works entitled Duta Munhak. Other noteworthy people of this period include Jin Intak, Choi Inhui, Lee Seonggyo, and Kim Yeongjun. Their works describe the regional lives resorting mostly to short lyricism. With respect to the image and the language, they make use of traditional figuration. These are characteristic of the identity of Samcheok regional literature. Meanwhile, one of the challenges ahead for the regional literature should be the revitalization of the regional literature through gaining ‘diversity.’

브랜드 쇼메 주얼리의 자연주의 디자인 조형 특성에 관한 연구

이은희(Lee, Eun Hee),이성원(Lee, Sung Won) 한국디자인문화학회 2018 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.24 No.2

1780년 파리 방돔 광장에서 시작된 쇼메(Chaumet)는 유럽 왕실 주얼리 역사의 중심이 되었고, 18세기 말부터 현대에 이르기까지 티아라, 하이 주얼리, 시계등 다양한 디자인을 선보이며, 경제적 · 문화적 가치를 가진 하이 주얼리 브랜드로 성장 되어왔다. 자연의 영감을 받아 자연주의 디자인 브랜드로 출발한 쇼메는 창립 초기부터 주얼리의 다양한 영역을 선보였으며, 식물에 생명력을 불어넣어 풍요롭고 생동감 넘치는 자연의 모습을 우아하고 독특하게 표현하였다. 기하학적이고 인공적인 모던 디자인이 주류를 이루는 오늘날의 주얼리 시장에서 쇼메는 독창적이며 미학적인 영역으로서 프랑스는 물론 유럽의 왕가를 위해 왕실 보석들을 제작하는 주얼리 하우스로서 현재까지 세계 최고의 보석 브랜드로 각광 받고 있으며, 이는 설립 초기부터 지금까지 일관되게 유지되고 있는 쇼메의 독특한 디자인 철학1) 컨템포러리 클래식2)(Contemporary Classic)과 창조 정신 때문이다. 이에 본 연구는 프랑스 왕실 주얼리 브랜드 쇼메의 조형적 특징이 특히 잘 구현된 2016 자연주의 컬렉션을 중심으로 쇼메 주얼리에 나타난 자연주의 디자인을 분석하고 조형적 특성을 연구하고자 하였다. 이 연구를 통해 현대 주얼리 산업의 디자인 발전에 기여하고자 하며, 본 연구 내용은 다음과 같은 과정에서 진행되었다. 첫째, 본 연구의 서론으로 연구 목적, 연구 방법 및 범위에 대한 과정의 내용과 특징을 기술하였다. 쇼메의 2016 자연주의 컬렉션에 나타난 디자인을 분석하고 조형적 특성을 살펴보며, 이를 위해 쇼메에서 발행한 각종 홍보물과 전시자료, 그리고 관련 서적과 논문, 인터넷사이트, 기사 등을 통해 자료를 수집하고 조사하였다. 둘째, 본 연구의 본론으로 오랜 전통을 이어 내려오고 있는 쇼메사의 배경을 살펴봄으로써 쇼메의 자연주의 디자인을 2016 자연주의 컬렉션 중심으로 조형적 특성 및 디자인을 연구하였다. 셋째, 연구결과로 자연의 풍부한 영감을 받아 우아하게 재해석한 쇼메 2016 자연주의 컬렉션을 테마별로 분류하여, 각각의 조형 특성과 디자인 발전 과정을 분석 및 정리하였다. 본 연구를 통해 현대 국내 주얼리 디자인 연구의 필요성과 국내 주얼리 브랜드의 발전 및 가치 향상에 지향점이 되고자 한다. Starting in 1780 in Paris’s Vendôme Square, Chaumet became the center of European royal gem history. From the end of the 18th century to the present, we have developed various designs such as tiaras, high jewelry and watches, and have grown into a jewelery brand with high economic value and cultural value. Launched as a naturalistic design brand with inspiration of nature, Chaumet has introduced various areas of jewelery from its inception and has expressed the elegance and uniqueness of the abundant and vibrant nature by infusing life into plants. In today’s jewelery market, where geometric and artificial modern design is the mainstream, Chaumet is a creative and aesthetic area and has been attracting attention as one of the world’s leading jewelery brands as a jewelery house producing French royal jewels and European royal jewels. Recognized Chaumet is a unique design philosophy, Contemporary Claccsic and creative spirit. In this study, we tried to analyze the naturalistic design of chaumet jewelery and to study the figurative characteristic around the 2016 naturalism collection which is especially well realized by the figurative characteristic of the royal jewelery brand chaumet of France. This study aims to contribute to the design development of the modern jewelery industry, This study was conducted in the following process. First, the introduction of this study described the content and characteristics of the process for the study purpose and range of research purpose. After analyzing Chaumet’s Naturalism collection of 2016 and analyzing the figurative characteristics, To do this, data were collected and examined through publicity materials, exhibition materials, related books and articles, Internet sites, and articles published by Chaumet. Secondly, by studying the background and characteristics of chaumet, which has been continuing its long tradition as a main subject of this study, we have studied chaumet’s naturalistic design with the figurative characteristics and design centered on the 2016 naturalism collection. Third, as a result of the study, the Chaumet 2016 naturalism collection, which was elegantly reinterpreted by the rich inspiration of nature, was categorized by themes, and their formative characteristics and design development process were analyzed and summarized. Through this study, I would like to become a point of study for the necessity of studying modern jewelery design and improvement of domestic jewelery brand.

Lower-body figure analysis of Chinese adult women

( Su Joung Cha ) 복식문화학회 2014 服飾文化硏究 Vol.22 No.6

To determine the parameters to be considered when designing lower-body apparel, we analyzed the lower-body figures of adult women in their early 20s from Shanghai, China, using 3-dimensional whole body scanner. Thirty- nine lower-body-related measurements were used to analyze the figures of 210 Chinese women. Obesity and height of the lower body, length from waist to crotch, shape of abdomen, and leg bone length were analyzed. Factor analysis was performed and the results were classified into three clusters. The first cluster describes the obesity of the lower body, the second denotes small hip measurement, and the third describes slim and long legs. This is the first study to quantify figure analysis of the lower body of Chinese women using 3-dimensional body measurements. The findings of this study will provide concrete information regarding crotch width, crotch length, inseam, outseam, waist slope, etc., for designing trouser patterns for Chinese adult women.

<숙종대왕실긔(肅宗大王實記)>의 서술적 특성과 형상화 방식 연구

이기대 ( Lee¸ Gi-dae ) 한국문학언어학회 2021 어문론총 Vol.90 No.-

<숙종대왕실긔(肅宗大王實記)>는 숙종의 일대기를 소설화한 작품이다. 역사적 자료에 단편적으로 제시되어 있는 일화들을 숙종의 생애적 순서에 맞추어 나열하는 방식으로 서술하고 있다. 숙종대는 장희빈 관련 사건으로 인해 다양한 작품들이 등장하였고, 이들 작품에서는 왕실 여성들의 갈등이 부각되면서, 숙종은 주변적 인물로 형상화되어 왔다. 그렇지만 <숙종대왕실긔>는 숙종대를 배경으로 했던 다른 작품들과 다르게, 숙종의 어린시절, 가족관계, 정치적 행위뿐만 아니라 하늘이 내린 왕으로서의 모습이 다채롭게 서술되어 있다. 그리고 숙종의 모습이 작품을 통해 전체적으로 제시되면서, 숙종에 대한 긍정적 인식이 부각된다. 이러한 점에서 <숙종대왕실긔>는 숙종대를 배경으로 하는 작품들의 다양성을 보여준다는 소설사적 의미를 지닌다. Sukjongdaewangsilgi is a novelization of King Sukjong's life. Anecdotes fragmentarily presented in historical data are listed in a chronological order of his life. Therefore, it is not composed in a meticulous way. It draws comparisons with the works that existed so far, which had been set in the days of King Sukjong. This work is characterized by its narrative centered on King Sukjong. During his time, incidents related to Jang Hui-bin were popular. Various works have been novelized based on these incidents, in which Sukjong appears as a peripheral character. Therefore, it is different from the works set in the days of King Sukjong. This text describes King Sukjong's childhood, family relations, and political actions. It also describes Sukjong as a king from heaven, and hence, the content of the work leads to a positive perception of him.

HISTORICAL FIGURES BELIEFS IN THE SOUTHWESTERN CULTURAL SPACE: CHARACTERISTICS AND VALUES

( Pham Lan Oanh ) 한국외국어대학교 동남아연구소 2020 東南亞硏究 Vol.30 No.3

The Southwest region of Vietnam includes provinces such as Long An, Tien Giang, Ben Tre, Vinh Long, Tra Vinh, Dong Thap, An Giang, Kien Giang, Hau Giang, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, and Can Tho City. Because of its geographical-historical and geographical-politic position, historical figures associated in the Southwest cultural space from the early days when the French arrived and established their colonial invasion in Vietnam. The famous historical figures such as Truong Dinh, Nguyen Tan Kieu, Vo Duy Duong, Nguyen Trung Truc, Tran Van Thanh all sacrificed in the resistance movements to fight against the French colonialists. They became historical figures for people to admire and worship. This article identifies the historical character beliefs, one characteristic of folklore beliefs in the South of Vietnam. Thereby, clarify the transforming process of historical figure beliefs through the time in features and value perspective.

중국 전통 주머니에 나타난 조형적 특성

장현주 ( Hyun Joo Jang ),권수연 ( Su Yeon Kwon ) 한국의류산업학회 2010 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.12 No.6