과학기술시대에 있어 응용윤리의 교육적 활용전망

김용섭(Kim, Yong-sub) 대한철학회 2010 哲學硏究 Vol.113 No.-

과학과 공학(이공학)이 현대 사회의 발전에 미치고 있는 지대한 영향은 물론, 이공학은 모든 생활의 각 분야에 깊이 관련하여 중대한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 따라서 과학연구가와 공학자들이 빈번히 직면하게 되는 문제들은 인간의 행복과 도덕적 윤리적 문제와 직결된다. 그러므로 이들게게는 자신들이 담지하고 있는 사회적인 책임과 의무에 관한 깊은 인식이 그 어느 때 보다도 절실히 요구된다. 이러한 요구는 기술의 이용과 응용이 생활화된 오늘날의 모든 사람들에게도 다같이 해당된다. ‘과학과 공학 윤리’는 과학연구와 공학의 수행 그리고 기술의 이용에 관련된 윤리학적 기본 윤리들을 고찰하고, 이와 관련하여 과학연구가와 공학자들이 연구 및 기업 환경에서 겪게 되는 도덕적 윤리적 문제들이 무엇인지 이를 비판적으로 고찰한다. 이를 위해 여러 가지 사례들이 논의되며, 이의 해결에 필요한 윤리학의 여러 개념적 도구들이 도입된다. 이를 통해 연구가와 공학자들이 그들의 자신들 뿐 아니라, 그들이 현대인 일반에게 미치는 윤리적 문제들을 자율적이고 합리적으로 해결하여, 연구가로서 그리고 공학자로서의 인격의 함양과 장인정신의 구축을 통해 인간적 자부심을 획득하는데 도움이 되는 이론적 실천적 기초를 제공하고자 마련된 것이다. The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the difference in question--moral education--and to explore it to some small extent. In particular, the perspective. I will be discussing it from is that of a professor of philosophy who regularly teaches courses in the theory of ethics, in Applied ethics, and in assorted practical ethical problems, and to diagnose what I cannot but see as a problem of moral education I and interested not only in the nature of the problem but also in what the causes of the problem are, and how to address it effectively. The fundamental problem of applied ethics consists in the conflicts between ethical theories by their applying. This seems to be a final problem for applied ethics to solve. In this situation, we should establish, first of all, the basic ideas, the method of applied ethics and the concept of expert. And the applied ethics would be obliged to cultivate moral character. Therefore, it would be a central behaviour of ethical expert to educate the students in the university who prepare for their profession. I believe, these are even the challenges that the applied ethics, finally philosophy, overcomes in this age. We can find the challenges and problems of professional ethicists in the education of engineering ethics of some universities, for instance, Univ of the Pacific(USA), Delft University of Netherlands.

부동산 시공 윤리에 관한 이론적 접근

김정욱(Kim, Jung Wuk),윤준선(Yoo, Jun Seon),이창석(Lee, Chang Suck) 한국부동산학회 2008 不動産學報 Vol.35 No.-

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purposes of this paper are to introduce the theory of ethical production and quality management, to present and analyze incompetent construction cases and to suggest plans to improve environmental management and production ethics so as to prevent incompetent construction work by raising the ethics of the construction engineers. (2) RESEARCH METHOD Publications related to ethics, environment and quality were reviewed and referred, and the statements on the major construction accidents were analyzed. In addition, real estate construction ethics was investigated through interviews with the experts. (3) RESEARCH RESULTS Plans to resolve incompetent real estate construction and to raise ethics were derived through literature review and expert opinions. 2. RESULTS Causes of major construction accidents were analyzed in the aspect of construction engineering ethics and the solution to incompetent real estate construction was presented. This paper also suggested the concept of standard environmental management and the executional plan to improve the level of production ethics based on the conclusion that raising the ethics of the construction engineers would play a critical role in preventing incompetent construction.

Suggestion of Building the AI Code of ETHICS through Deep Learning and Big Data Based AI

김현수 J-INSTITUTE 2021 Robotics & AI Ethics Vol.6 No.1

Purpose: Current social and technical issues related AI Ethics take many different forms. Therefore, efforts to make ethical guidelines to cope with these issues are actively being developed. However, most kinds of ethical guidelines present general ethical principles and take a deductive method of solving individual problems in ac-cordance. The purpose of this study is to propose creating ethical guidelines through an inductive method of deriving ethical principles based on ethical judgements on each individual AI-related cases. Method: At first, most representative cases of AI ethics-related guidelines would be investigated in domestic and international level, with collecting documents and literature review. After that, examine the commonalities and differences between cases as these basic data through comparative research methods. Accordingly, it would be revealed that each case is constituted by a deductive method. Finally, as an alternative to these methods, presenting the merits of establishing ethical principles related to AI through inductive cases and specific examples. Results: Most of the representative AI Code of Ethics that currently exist have the form of suggesting principles and then solving ethical problems by applying the principles to the actual events accordingly. This type of approach corresponds to the method of ethics which based on moral principles. However, complex and unpre-dictable problems are likely to arise when it comes to AI ethics. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to extract the principles of the AI Code of Ethics by establishing and presenting ethical principles through researching and analyzing various individual events related to AI Ethics using deep learning and Big Data Based AI. Conclusion: The following effects can be achieved by using deep learning techniques and Big Data Based AI that contains Ethical Issues together with sound and desirable Moral Judgement on each case, to derive the principles of the AI code of ethics. First, it is possible to extract and secure Big Data as basic resource of presenting Ethical Directions on various ethical problems arising in connection with the development of AI technology. Second, since the Ethical Principles as AI Code of Ethics are established based on empirical data, the validity of the principles can be secured. On the other hand, the AI Code of Ethics derived through deep learning based on such Big Data is likely to result in multiple tyranny or errors of majority due to certain limitations. So evaluation, verification and correction by Human Ethics Experts are essential to prevent these kinds of fault.

Can AI become an Expert?

김현균 중앙대학교 인문콘텐츠연구소 2024 인공지능인문학연구 Vol.16 No.-

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), understanding its capabilities and limitations has become significant for mitigating unfounded anxiety and unwarranted optimism. As part of this endeavor, this study delves into the following question: Can AI become an expert? More precisely, should society confer the authority of experts on AI even if its decision-making process is highly opaque? Throughout the investigation, I aim to identify certain normative challenges in elevating current AI to a level comparable to that of human experts. First, I will narrow the scope by proposing the definition of an expert. Along the way, three normative components of experts —trust, explainability, and responsibility—will be presented. Subsequently, I will suggest why AI cannot become a trustee, successfully transmit knowledge, or take responsibility. Specifically, the arguments focus on how these factors regulate expert judgments, which are not made in isolation but within complex social connections and spontaneous dialogue. Finally, I will defend the plausibility of the presented criteria in response to a potential objection, the claim that some machine learning-based algorithms, such as AlphaGo, have already been recognized as experts.

An Exploratory Study on the Research Trend of Artificial Intelligence Ethics

Kim Jooui,Son Young-hoa 인하대학교 다문화융합연구소 2021 다문화와 교육 Vol.6 No.2

The aim of this study is to examine the research trends related to artificial intelligence ethics published in the existing academic area. To achieve this aim we set two research questions. First question is “What is the trend of artificial intelligence ethics research?”, And second question is “What are the recent issues of artificial intelligence ethics research?”. And second question is “what are the recent issues of artificial intelligence ethics research?”. This study introduced two analyses methods to solve these problems. One is trend analysis of research topics, research methods, and keyword analysis, including bibliographic information. The other is an analysis of major issues presented in recently published papers. The data analysis period of this study analyzed trends from 2016 to June 2021, targeting 68 papers in journals under the theme of ‘Artificial Intelligence Ethics’ The reason why it was based on 2016 is that artificial intelligence ethics became a hot topic in academia at this time. In addition, for the recent analysis of major issues, 9 papers published from 2020 to June 2021 were analyzed. The results of first research question were as follows: First, academic journal papers on the subject of artificial intelligence ethics are increasing every year, and are gradually expanding to various academic departments starting in fields such as ethics and law. Second, research in the fields of public administration and policy was insufficient, and research on artificial intelligence ethics has not been actively conducted, especially for administrative and policy experts. Third, the most frequent subjects were relation between human and artificial intelligence, and theme about artificial intelligence technologies. The results of second research question were as follows: The main issue is the concept and discussion trend of artificial intelligence ethics. Second is relation between artificial intelligence and human ethics. Third is artificial intelligence expert ethics. And fourth is artificial intelligence ethics education.

전문가 설문에 의한 초·중등학교의 정보윤리 학습요소 및 교수법 연구

최현종(Hyunjong Choe) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2012 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.17 No.12

본 논문에서는 정보윤리 교육을 위한 학습요소 및 교수법을 전문가 설문 방법으로 연구하여 제안하였다. 최근 인터넷이 생활의 새로운 장이 되었지만 올바른 인터넷 활용을 위한 정보윤리 교육은 초,중등학교에서 제대로 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 정보 교육이 실제 초,중등학교에 이루어지 위해 가장 우선해야 될 것은 바로 교육을 위한 학습요소의 선정이다. 이에 본 연구는 전문가 설문을 통해 초,중등학교에서 교육해야 할 학습요소를 추출해 보았고, 이를 학교급별로 다시 분류하여 제시하였다. 그리고, 연구된 정보윤리 학습요소가 실제 학교에서 효율적으로 가르쳐지기 위해 각 학습요소에 적합한 교수법을 현장 교사를 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 정보윤리 학습요소와 교수법만으로 실제 학교 현장에서 정보윤리를 가르칠 수는 없다. 하지만, 정보윤리 관련 교육과정을 개정하고, 실제 정보윤리 교과서를 제작하는 데에 좋은 참고 자료가 될 것이다. The objectives of this study are to study and propose the learning elements and it's teaching methods for Information Ethics by expert survey. In recent days, Internet is the new field of our living, but teaching the students in elementary and secondary schools the subject of Information Ethics which purpose is to have positive attitude of utilizing Internet is not properly executed. The first step to teach Information Ethics in schools is to choose the learning elements in Information Ethics. Therefore, this paper is to choose the learning elements and re-arrange them with point of view to elementary and secondary schools. And more, in order to teach the students the learning elements of Information Ethics effectively, we propose the proper teaching methods to the learning elements by teacher's survey. The learning elements and teaching methods in Information Ethics is not the perfect guide to teach students in school, but the output of this study will be the good guide to revise the Information Ethics-related curriculums and product the textbooks about Information Ethics.

기업의 사회적 책임활동이 제품 및 기업평가에 미치는 영향

이한준(Han Joon Lee),박종철(Jong Chul Park) 한국마케팅학회 2009 마케팅연구 Vol.24 No.1

많은 기업들에게 기업의 사회적 책임활동은 지속가능경영을 위한 필수항목이다. 이와 관련해 본 연구는 Carroll(1979)의 정의를 바탕으로 기업의 사회적 책임활동이 제품 및 기업평가에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것에 대한 심리적 메커니즘을 찾고자하였다. 이러한 심리적 기제와 관련해 본 연구에서는 기업의 사회적 책임활동이 해당 기업에 대한 신뢰를 유발시키기 때문에 제품 및 기업평가에 긍정적인 영향을 미침을 제안하고자한다. 그리고 이에 한 걸음 더 나아가 신뢰의 차원을 `전문성 신뢰`와 `호의성 신뢰`로 구분하여 기업의 사회적 책임차원이 각각 두 신뢰에 어떠한 차별적 영향을 미치는지를 고찰하였다. 구체적인 결과를 살펴보면, 기업의 경제적 책임활동 노력은 전문성에 기초한 신뢰와 호의성에 기초한 신뢰를 매개로 제품 및 기업평가에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다시 말해서 기업의 경제적 책임활동 노력이 높으면 소비자들은 해당 기업에 대하여 전문성에 기초한 신뢰와 호의성에 기초한 신뢰를 형성하여 해당 기업 및 그 기업의 제품에 긍정적인 평가를 내린다는 것이다. 그러나 기업의 법률적 책임활동과 윤리적 책임활동, 그리고 자선적 책임활동 노력은 모두 호의성에 기초한 신뢰형성에만 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기업의 법률적 책임활동과 윤리적 책임활동, 그리고 자선적 책임활동이 해당 기업에 대한 전문성 신뢰가 아닌 호의성 신뢰를 매개로 해당 기업 및 제품에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다는 사실을 제시해준다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 기업들에게 우리 사회가 인지하는 사회적 책임활동 차원에 대한 각 부분을 이해시킴으로서 자신들의 수익자원을 효율적으로 배분하거나, 또한 기업의 신뢰형성에 결정적이고, 실무적인 도움을 제공해줄 것이다. According to the great economist Milton Friedman, corporate has only one responsibility that is economic responsibility making a profit while observing the law. Market economy would result in improved efficiency and increased economic results. However, corporate efficiency-oriented activities may exert detrimental impact on well-beings of society through environmental pollution, depletion of natural resources and exploitation of labor in under developed countries. Business entities exist within a market society. Their activities influence the society and at the same time are influenced by the society. Corporate is not separated from society. Since the globalization process starting 1990s, society witnessed the movement of environmental and social sustainability. Consumers and investors have been asking corporate to conduct socially responsible actions such as producing environmentally-friendly products, embodying product with socially responsible attributes, fair labor conditions in developing countries etc. Business integrates social demands into its management. It is not new that today`s business organizations are expected to exhibit ethical and moral management and to carry out social responsibility as a good corporate citizen. Since South Korea emerged as a newly industrialized country during the 1980s, Korean corporations have become active in carrying out their social responsibility as a good corporate citizen to society. In spite of the short history of corporate social responsibility, Korean companies have actively participated in corporate philanthropy. Corporations` significant donations to various social causes, no-lay-off policies, corporate volunteerism and green marketing are evidences of their commitment to corporate citizenship. Corporate social responsibility is now an essential management practice whereby corporation can strengthen its sustainable value creation processes by enhancing the trust assets underlying the relationships between the business and the stakeholders. A critical but elusive issue in corporate social responsibility research has been the impacts of a company`s social initiatives on the consumers` evaluation of product and corporation. Researchers in the area of management have studied the relationship between corporate social performance and business performances. These researchers explored a direct relationship either between CSR and its financial successes. However, the results of these studies were inconclusive and inconsistent. In the area of Marketing, studies have been conducted to estimate the effects of CSR on consumers` product evaluation and corporate evaluation. The results of these studies were not conclusive either. Different from the past studies, in this study we postulates that the consumers` trust play an essential mediating role in the relationship between the four dimensions (economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic) of corporate social responsibility activities (Carroll,1979) and the product/corporate evaluation. Trust is conceptualized into two different forms: expertise-based trust and benevolence-based trust. A model integrating four dimensions of CSR, two forms of trust, and the product/corporate evaluation is tested using data of 384 young consumers. The results of data analysis show that the corporate economic responsibility positively influences on the expert-based trust and benevolence-based trust. However, the corporate legal, the corporate ethical, and the corporate philanthropic responsibility have a significant impact not on the expert-based trust but only on the benevolence-based trust. Finally, our results indicate that the expert-based trust and the benevolence-based trust both have a significant influence on the product evaluation and on the corporate evaluation. Thus, this study demonstrates that trust indeed plays a mediating role between CSR and the product/corporate evaluation. The results of this study will help corporations to understand the rela

한국 사회복지사의 윤리성과 전문성에 대한 인식이 직무만족과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향

김행렬,김용민 한국동북아학회 2011 한국동북아논총 Vol.16 No.1

This study aims to analyse what effect ethics and expertism of Korean social workers have on their job satisfaction and organizational commitment and present political suggestions needed for effective and efficient social welfare services of social welfare experts. For the purpose, the study interviewed social workers from 420 social welfare centers in Korea using a questionnaire and set a research model and hypotheses using variables from previous studies based on bibliographical and previous studies. The results of the study are summarized as follows: the subjective perception of social workers on ethics had positive effect on their job satisfaction and organizational commitment while subjective perception on all the factors involving expertism did not have significantly positive effect on their job satisfaction. Meanwhile, all the factors except organizational ability did not have no significant effect on organizational commitment. Finally, as social workers provide dedicated services to society, ethics had more effect on their job satisfaction and organizational commitment than expertism and organizational ability, and their ability to adjust to the organization helps them to be immersed in their organization more easily. 본 연구는 한국의 사회복지 실천현장 중 이용시설로 대표되는 사회복지관에서 활동하고 있는 한국 사회복지사들의 윤리성과 전문성이 그들의 직무만족과 조직몰입에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는가를 분석하여 사회복지 전문가로서 효율적∙효과적 사회복지행정 서비스 수행에 필요한 정책적 시사점을 제시하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구의 목적을 위해 한국의 420개 사회복지관 사회복지사들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 문헌연구와 선행연구검토를 통해 변수를 도출하고 연구의 모형과 가설을 설정하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 사회복지사들의 윤리성에 대한 자가인식은 직무만족과 조직몰입에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 반면 전문성을 구성하는 요인 중 모든 요인들에 대한 자가인식은 직무만족에 유의미한 긍정적 영향을 미치지 않았으며 한편, 조직능력을 제외한 모든 요인들이 조직몰입에도 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결국 사회복지사는 헌신을 기반으로 한 서비스직으로서 그들의 전문성보다는 윤리성이 직무만족과 조직몰입에 보다 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었으며 조직능력, 즉 조직에 대한 적응능력은 조직몰입을 보다 수월하게 해주는 것으로 나타났다.

PBL 기반 현장전문가 연계 교직윤리교육에 참여한 예비유아교사의 변화와 참여의 의미

문가영(Moon, Ga-Young),조형숙(Cho, Hyeong-Suk) 한국영유아교원교육학회 2021 유아교육학논집 Vol.25 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 PBL 기반 현장전문가 연계 교직윤리교육에 참여한 예비유아교사의 변화와 참여의 의미를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 4년제 대학 유아교육과 4학년 학생 29명을 연구참여자로 선정하여 2018년 9월부터 12월까지 총 13주간 교직윤리교육을 적용하였다. 교직윤리교육에 참여한 예비유아교사의 변화와 의미를 탐색하고자 토의 녹음 자료, 발표자료, 면담자료, 성찰일지를 수집하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 본 교육에 참여한 예비유아교사의 변화는 ‘윤리적 가치 고려하기’, ‘두려움의 대상 학부모를 동반자로 생각하기’, ‘감시와 평가의 수직적인 관계가 아닌 공동체의 시선으로 기관 바라보기’, ‘교사가 지역사회에 미치는 영향력과 책임감 인식하기’로 나타났다. 또한, 본 교육에 참여한 의미는 ‘교직윤리를 의사결정의 준거로 인식’, ‘윤리적 딜레마 해결을 위한 실천방안 탐구의 기회’, ‘윤리적 딜레마 해결에 대한 자신감 향상’, ‘교사로서 관계맺음에 대한 중요성 인식’, ‘교직윤리라는 신념을 지키기 위해 용기를 내겠다는 마음가짐’으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 교직윤리교육에 참여한 예비유아교사의 변화와 참여의 의미를 살핌으로써 교직윤리교육의 방향성을 제시하였다는 점에서 그 의미가 있다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes and meaning of preservice early childhood teachers who participated in filed experts’ connection teaching ethics education based on PBL. For this purpose, 29 fourth grade students from the early childhood education department of a university were selected as research participants, and were taught a specific ethics curriculum. Ethics education was conducted for 13 weeks, from September to December 2018. In order to explore the changes and meanings of preservice teachers who participated in the teaching ethics education, we collected and analyzed recorded discussion, presentation, and interview data, in addition to reflection journal. As a result of the study, the changes of preservice teachers who participated in this education included “considering ethical values,” “considering feared parents as partners,” “looking at the institution from the perspective of the community rather that the vertical relationship between monitoring and evaluation,” “recognizing teachers’ influence and responsibilities in the community.” The meaning of participation in this education encompasses “recognizing teaching ethics as criterion for decision-making,” “opportunity to explore practical ways to solve ethical dilemmas,” “increasing confidence in solving ethical dilemmas,” “recognizing the importance of relationships as a teacher,” “a mindset to be courageous to uphold the belief of teaching ethics.” This study is meaningful in that it suggests the direction of teaching ethics education by examining the changes and meanings of preservice teachers who participated in teaching ethics education.

법조윤리협의회의 운용현황과 발전방안

김영철(Kim, Young-Cheol) 韓國土地公法學會 2011 土地公法硏究 Vol.54 No.-

법조윤리를 확립하고 건전한 법조풍토를 조성하기 위하여 2007년 7월 27일 출범한 법조윤리협의회가 활동을 시작한 지 4년을 갓 넘겼다. 이쯤에서 그 동안의 활동현황을 평가하고 그 발전방안을 생각해보는 것은 의미있는 일이라 생각한다. 법조윤리협의회의 주요기능은 퇴임 후 2년 내의 공직퇴임변호사와 사건을 평균적 변호사보다 특히 많이 수임(受任)한 변호사(특정변호사)로부터 수임사건 현황을 제출받아 그 수임이나 처리과정에 법조윤리에 관한 법령위반이 있는지 여부를 분석하여 수사의뢰, 징계 개시신청 등을 하는 것이다. 자료입수가 가능한 초기 1년 6월간의 운용현황을 보면, 동 기간 법조윤리협의회 위원장이 징계개시신청하거나 수사의뢰한 사건은 모두 21건에 불과하여 당초 국민이 기대한 바에 훨씬 못 미친다. 그 원인은 법조윤리협의회의 직무태만이나 직무수행에 대한 의지부족에 있기보다는 인적 · 물적 구조의 취약성, 제도의 미비, 업무에 대한 노하우(know how)의 부족 등에서 찾을 수밖에 없다. 특히 심각한 문제는 법조윤리 협의회의 구성원 중 상시적으로 사무실에 출근하여 업무를 수행하는 상근직원은 단순한 행정사무와 사건 분석의 보조역할을 하는 사무직 5명에 불과하고, 법조윤리협의회 위원장을 비롯한 협의회위원, 간사, 전문위원 등 조직의 두뇌와 몸통에 해당하는 중요인력은 전원 비상근이라는 사실이다. 법조윤리협의회가 법이 정한 기능을 충실히 수행하고 국민의 신뢰를 받는 기관으로 성장, 발전하기 위해서는 ⅰ) 최소한 5-6명의 변호사를 상근전문위원으로 임용하여 핵심 조사 · 기획업무에 투입하고, ⅱ) 수임경위 등 문제성이 엿보이는 사건의 실상파악을 실효성 있게 하기 위하여 변호사법 등 관련 법령에 법조윤리협의회 직원에게 ‘조사권’을 부여하는 명문규정을 두어 조사대상변호사와의 불필요한 마찰을 제거하고, ⅲ) 사건수임 및 처리과정에서 불만을 제기하는 사건의뢰인 신고센터를 조직 내에 설치하여 적극적인 신고자의 협조아래 비위행위를 적발하는 시스템을 갖추고, ⅳ) 각종 사무처리 절차를 정형화 하여 업무처리의 효율화를 최대화하며, ⅴ) 법조윤리협의회회 위원장으로부터 징계개시신청을 받은 대한변호사협회의 장이나, 수사의뢰를 받은 관할 검찰청의 검사장 등 관계기관은 협의회위원장의 조치에 최대한 협조하여 징계절차나 수사과정에서 협의회의 의사가 충실히 실현될 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다. Four years have already passed since the Legal Ethics and Professional Conduct Council was established on July 27th of 2007 to foster legal ethics and a climate of justice. I believe that sufficient time has now passed to begin evaluating the progress the organization has made and to consider proposals to further the organization’s development. The primary function of the Legal Ethics and Professional Conduct Council is to conduct investigations and determine whether disciplinary actions are required based on whether violations of ethical legal practices have taken place in cases tried by public prosecutors and judges within two years of their retirement and in the cases of attorneys who have had an unusually high caseload. Looking at the level of management during the first year and a half, the organization was able to obtain materials, but failed to live up to the expectations of the people, overseeing only twenty-one cases where investigations and disciplinary actions were recommended by the chairperson of the Legal Ethics and Professional Conduct Council. This lack of action was found to be caused by a lack of human and material resources, an underdeveloped system and a lack of know-how rather than gross dereliction of duty or a lack of willpower from members of the organization. Perhaps the most serious problem stems from the lack of manpower. There are currently only five full-time employees performing tasks such as administrative affairs and assistance in case analysis among the Legal Ethics and Professional Conduct Council staff. Furthermore, vital positions, equivalent to the brain and nervous system of the organization, are currently filled by part-time employees. These positions include council members, administrative assistants, and expert advisors, including the chairperson of the Legal Ethics and Professional Conduct Council. To fulfill its duty to the justice system and to develop into an organization trusted by the people, the Legal Ethics and Professional Conduct Council must: ⅰ) hire at least five to six attorneys to serve full-time as expert advisors during investigations and project planning, ⅱ) endow Legal Ethics and Professional Conduct Council staff members with the power to conduct investigations and understand the details of cases through the Attorneys-at-Law Act and eliminate the problems caused by the unnecessary bureaucracy of research attorneys ⅲ) establish an in-house call center to receive reports of corrupt actions and better facilitate assistance to those making the reports, ⅳ) maximize work efficiency through the standardization of various office procedures, ⅴ) should either the chairman of the Korea Bar Association or the director of the District Prosecutor’s Office either a formal inquiry or a recommendation for disciplinary actions from the Legal Ethics and Professional Conduct Council, those bodies must cooperate with the council chairman and recognize the recommendations of the council completely.