명월초 가루를 첨가한 우육 소시지의 최적화 연구

박영일,정희선,주나미,Park, Young Il,Jeong, Hee Sun,Joo, Nami 한국식품조리과학회 2015 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구에서는 명월초 우육 소시지를 개발하여 품질특성 및 관능적 특성의 최적화를 통하여 생리활성을 갖는 식품 소재를 이용한 기능성 우육 소시지로서의 식품 개발 가능성을 타진해보고자 하였다. 1. 명월초 우육 소시지의 제조를 위하여 명월초 분말과 올리브유(B)의 양을 독립변수로 설정하였으며 Design-Expert version 8 프로그램(Stat-Ease, Inc.)을 이용하여 실험을 설계하고 결과를 분석한 후 명월초 우육 소시지의 최적 배합 비율을 도출하였다. 2. 명월초 우육 소시지의 이화학적 실험결과 염도(p<0.01)와 수분함량(p<0.001)의 항목에서 유의적 차이를 보였다. 명월초 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 pH와 수분함량은 감소하였으나 염도는 큰 변화가 없었다. 올리브유의 첨가량이 증가할수록 pH는 감소하였고, 수분함량은 큰 변화가 없었고, 염도는 크게 감소하다가 조금 증가하였다. 3. 명월초 우육 소시지의 기계적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 가열감량, 색도(명도, 적색도, 황색도)와 조직감(경도, 부착성, 탄력성, 씹힘성, 검성, 응집성)을 측정하였다. 가열감량(p<0.01), 색도 중 a값(p<0.01), b값(p<0.05)의 유의성이 인정되었고, 조직감에서는 씹힘성(p<0.001)과 응집성(p<0.01) 항목에서 유의성이 인정되었다. 명월초 우육 소시지의 부착성, 씹힘성, 검성, 응집성은 올리브유의 첨가량이 증가할수록 크게 감소하였고, 씹힘성과 검성은 명월초 분말에 비해 올리브유의 첨가량이 큰 영향을 받았다. 4. 명월초 우육 소시지의 관능적 최적점을 도출하기 위하여 색, 풍미, 맛, 부드러움, 조직감, 전반적인 기호도의 관능검사 분석 결과 색(p<0.05), 풍미(p<0.05), 부드러움(p<0.05), 조직감(p<0.01), 전반적인 기호도(p<0.01) 항목에서 유의적인 결과를 나타내어 모델의 적합성이 인정되었고 맛에 대한 기호도는 유의적이지 않았다. 모든 항목에서 명월초 분말과 올리브유의 첨가량이 증가할수록 점차 증가하다가 일정 시점 이후로 감소하였다. 5. 명월초 우육 소시지의 최적화는 독립변수인 명월초 분말(A)과 올리브유(B)의 범위 내에서 관능검사 항목 중 유의적으로 나온 결과만을 최대로 설정하여 모델화에 의해 결정된 반응식을 이용하여 만족하는 수치점을 예측한 결과, 명월초 분말 2.1 g, 올리브유 7.06 g으로 명월초 우육 소시지의 최적 배합 비율로 산출되었다. The aims of this study were to determine the optimal mixing condition for two different amounts of Gynura procumbens powder and olive oil for the preparation of beef sausage. The experiments were designed according to the central composite design of response surface methodology, which showed 10 experimental points including two replicates of Gynura procumbens powder and olive oil. The physicochemical and mechanical characteristics as well as the sensory properties were measured, and these values were applied to the mathematical optimization models. The results of the physiochemical and mechanical analysis of each sample, including chewiness, cohesiveness, color a, color b, moisture content, salinity and heating loss showed significant differences. The sensory measurements were significantly different in color, flavor, tenderness, texture and overall quality. The optimum formulation, which was calculated using the numerical and graphical method, was determined to be 2.1 g Gynura procumbens powder and 7.06 g of olive oil.

Influence of freeze-dried acid whey addition on biogenic amines formation in a beef and deer dry fermented sausages without added nitrite

Kononiuk, Anna D.,Karwowska, Malgorzata Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.2

Objective: Aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of freeze-dried acid whey addition and the use a game meat (fallow deer) on a microbial content and the biogenic amines formation in dry fermented sausages. Methods: The experiment involved dry fermented sausages made in two variants from beef and from fallow deer. Each variant was divided into five groups: control (with a curing mixture), reference (with a sea salt), sample with a liquid acid whey and two samples with the addition of reconstituted freeze-dried acid whey in different concentrations. Changes in lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Enterobacteriaceae content and biogenic amines content were determined. Results: The microbial content changes suggest that addition of acid whey slightly affected LAB content in comparison with the control and reference sample, but the addition of freezedried acid whey resulted in a reduction of Enterobacteriaceae content in the sausages from fallow deer or a similar level in the beef sausages compared with the control and reference sample. Both changes in LAB and Enterobacteriaceae content were more evident in case of sausages made from fallow deer. Addition of acid whey (liquid and a higher amount of freezedried) and use of fallow deer meat to produce the sausages resulted in a significant reduction of total biogenic amines content. Conclusion: The addition of acid whey (liquid and higher amount of freeze-dried) resulted in a significant reduction of total biogenic amines content in dry fermented sausages made from fallow deer meat.

조선시대 순대의 종류 및 조리방법에 대한 문헌적 고찰

오순덕 ( Soon Duk Oh ) 한국식생활문화학회 2012 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

This article examines the types and cooking methods of Soondae (Korean Traditional Sausage) as recorded in 12 books of the Joseon dynasty (1392-1909). The ingredients used in Soondae during the Joseon dynasty were dog meat, beef, pork, lamb, and fish. There were no recorded mentions of Soondae in the early Joseon dynasty, but by the middle period there were three different dishes recorded. By the late era of the Joseon dynasty that number had increased to twelve. During the middle era of the Joseon dynasty, one kind of Soondae was prepared using dog meat, one using beef, and one using pork. By the late Joseon dynasty, there were six types of Soondae prepared using beef. They also had three kinds of Soondae prepared using lamb and two using fish, one using pork by that time. The frequency of the Soondae ingredients during the Joseon dynasty in order were beef (46.7%), lamb (20%), pork (13.3%), fish (13.3%), and dog meat (6.7%). Further study will be conducted on recipes and ingredients recorded in these old books to develop a standardized recipe in order to make Soondae appealing to a global palate.

The Effects of Grape Seed Flour on the Quality of Turkish Dry Fermented Sausage (Sucuk) during Ripening and Refrigerated Storage

Kurt, Sukru Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.3

In this study, the effects of grape seed flour on the physical-chemical properties, microbiological and sensory properties of Turkish dry fermented sausage, sucuk, was investigated. After the sausages produced with beef, beef fat, sheep tail fat and spices, they were ripened for 14 d. Then they were vacuum-packaged and stored for 80 d at 4℃. The effects of grape seed flour (GSF; 0%, 0.75%, 1.5%, 3%) on the physical-chemical properties (pH, moisture, fat, protein, free fatty acids, thiobarbituric acids, diameter reduction, ripening yield, instrumental colour), microbiological properties (total aerobic mesophilic and lactic acid bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, mould and yeast) and sensory properties of the sausages were investigated. Grape seed flour decreased moisture, TBA, diameter reduction, instrumental colour (a, b) values and sensory analysis scores during the ripening period; it also decreased TBA, instrumental colour (L, a, b) values, total aerobic mesophilic and lactic acid bacteria counts during the storage period. It was concluded that grape seed flour has a potential application as an additive in dry fermented sausages.

The Effects of Grape Seed Flour on the Quality of Turkish Dry Fermented Sausage (Sucuk) during Ripening and Refrigerated Storage

Sukru Kurt 한국축산식품학회 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.3

In this study, the effects of grape seed flour on the physical-chemical properties, microbiological and sensory properties of Turkish dry fermented sausage, sucuk, was investigated. After the sausages produced with beef, beef fat, sheep tail fat and spices, they were ripened for 14 d. Then they were vacuum-packaged and stored for 80 d at 4ºC. The effects of grape seed flour (GSF; 0%, 0.75%, 1.5%, 3%) on the physical-chemical properties (pH, moisture, fat, protein, free fatty acids, thiobarbituric acids, diameter reduction, ripening yield, instrumental colour), microbiological properties (total aerobic mesophilic and lactic acid bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, mould and yeast) and sensory properties of the sausages were investigated. Grape seed flour decreased moisture, TBA, diameter reduction, instrumental colour (a, b) values and sensory analysis scores during the ripening period; it also decreased TBA, instrumental colour (L, a, b) values, total aerobic mesophilic and lactic acid bacteria counts during the storage period. It was concluded that grape seed flour has a potential application as an additive in dry fermented sausages.

Effects of irradiation source and dose level on quality characteristics of processed meat products

Ham, Y.K.,Kim, H.W.,Hwang, K.E.,Song, D.H.,Kim, Y.J.,Choi, Y.S.,Song, B.S.,Park, J.H.,Kim, C.J. Pergamon 2017 Radiation physics and chemistry Vol.130 No.-

<P>The effect of irradiation source (gamma-ray, electron-beam, and X-ray) and dose levels on the physicochemical, organoleptic and microbial properties of cooked beef patties and pork sausages was studied, during 10 days of storage at 30 +/- 1 degrees C. The processed meat, products were irradiated at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 kGy by three different irradiation sources. The pH of cooked beef patties and pork sausages was unaffected by irradiation sources or their doses. The redness of beef patties linearly decreased with increasing dose level (P < 0.05), obviously by e-beam irradiation compared to gamma-ray and X-ray (P < 0.05). The redness of pork sausages was increased by gamma-ray irradiation, whereas it decreased by e-beam irradiation depending on absorbed dose level. No significant changes in overall acceptability were observed for pork sausages regardless of irradiation source (P> 0.05), while gamma-ray irradiated beef patties showed significantly decreased overall acceptability in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Lipid oxidation of samples was accelerated by irradiation depending on irradiation sources and dose levels during storage at 30 degrees C. E-beam reduced total aerobic bacteria of beef patties more effectively, while gamma-ray considerably decreased microbes in pork sausages as irradiation dose increased. The results of this study indicate that quality attributes of meat products, in particular color, lipid oxidation, and microbial properties are significantly influenced by the irradiation sources. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.</P>