경덕진 폐도자기 활용의 지속가능성 가치 연구

왕닝,김장용 한국도자학회 2023 한국도자학연구 Vol.20 No.2

Modern times is an era in which we minimize the development of natural resources while improving economic benefits, and need sustainability while no longer destroying the natural environment. The ceramic industry in Jingdezhen, China, has a long history, and the output of living ceramics ranks the first in China. Therefore, it is not easy to destroy a large number of waste ceramics produced. In the long run, the negative impact of the waste ceramics problem on the natural environment is also a fact worth knowing. Recently, the outside world is paying more and more attention to the problem of waste ceramics in Jingdezhen, and there have also been some model cases of using waste ceramics. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to obtain the sustainability value of waste ceramics through the case analysis of the waste ceramics in Jingdezhen, and contribute to change the negative perception of waste ceramics. In addition, from the three aspects of sustainability —— environmental, economic, social —— analysis of the characteristics of waste ceramic cases, is the secondary purpose of this study. In order to achieve this purpose, the author analyzed the relevant literature of the utilization of waste ceramics in Jingdezhen, through field visits and interviews, referring to the relevant media reports and web pages, first collected the recycling data of waste ceramics in Jingdezhen. It also analyzes the creative intention and method of each case in the pioneering research of Jingdezhen waste porcelain. Finally, the author summarizes the sustainability of waste ceramics as environmental, economic and social factors. The author will analyze the application of waste porcelain in Jingdezhen from three perspectives in order to lay the foundation for the sustainable development of pottery. First of all, the regeneration technology characteristics of waste ceramics will be obtained from the technical perspective, the design thinking and artistry of waste ceramic works will be analyzed from the artistic perspective, and finally the conclusion that the application of waste ceramics has the cultural value of "inheritance and innovation" will be drawn from the cultural perspective. 현대는 경제적 효과를 높이는 동시에 자연 자원 개발을 최소화하고, 자연환경을 더 이상 훼손하지않으면서도 지속가능성의 필요성이 매우 중요한 시대다. 중국 경덕진(景德鎮)의 도자산업은 그 역사가매우 길고 생활도자기의 생산량은 중국에서 제일 크다. 따라서 생산된 대량의 도자기를 폐기하기는 결코 쉬운 일이 아니며, 장기적으로 볼 때 폐도자기 문제는 자연환경에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것도 주지할 만한 사실이다. 최근 경덕진 폐도자기 문제에 대한 세간의 관심이 높아지면서 폐도자기를 활용한모범적인 사례들이 등장하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 경덕진의 폐도자기를 활용한 사례분석을 통해 폐도자기 활용이 가지는 지속 가능한 가치를 도출해 냄으로 폐도자기를 향한 대중의 부정적 시각의 전환에 기여하는 것이 일차적 목적이다. 또한, 폐도자기의 사례가 지니는 특징을 지속가능성의 세 가지 측면 – 환경성, 경제성, 사회성 –으로 그 가치를 분석하는 것이 본 연구의 이차적 목적이다. 그리고 이러한 목적을 수행하기 위해 필자들은 경덕진의 폐도자기 활용과 관련한 문헌을 분석하고, 현지 방문과 취재, 관련된 언론 보도와 웹페이지를 참조하여 경덕진 폐도자기의 활용 자료를 우선 수집하였다. 그리고 경덕진 폐도자기와 관련한 선행연구에서 각 사례가 가지는 창작 의도와 방법, 그것이 표방하고 있는 이념들을 분석하였다. 결국 폐도자기의 활용이 보여주는 지속가능성을 필자들은 환경성, 경제성, 사회성의 요소로 분류하여 정리하였다. 필자들은 지속 가능한 도예 발전의 초석을 마련하기 위해, 세 가지 시각에서 경덕진 폐도자기의 활용을 분석할 것이다. 우선 기술적 시각에서 폐도자기의 재생 기술의 특징을 도출하고, 예술적 시각에서 폐도자기 작품이 지니는 디자인적 사유와 예술성을 분석하고, 마지막으로 문화적 시각에서 폐도자기 활용이 결국“전승과 혁신”이라는 문화적 가치를 지님을 결론으로 제시할 것이다.

청자 파도자기를 활용한 도자기 소지 개발

이제일,박주석,이용석,이병하,Lee, Jea-Il,Park, Joo-Seok,Lee, Yong-Seok,Lee, Byung-Ha 한국세라믹학회 2009 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.46 No.6

The yield is increasing as the manufacturing technology of ceramics progresses, however, there are many ceramics of poor quality due to variables upon producing ceramics. Some of those waste ceramics are recycled by sanitary ware or tile manufacturers, but most of them are filled in making environmental problem. Therefore, a research begins to recycle waste ceramic ware as alternative to some imported ceramic ware materials and to reduce environmental pollution. This study, succeeding last study which applied waste white ware as ceramic body material, aimed to solve problems of environment and materials by recycling waste ceradon generated in specially formed areas for ceramic in Gyeonggi-do such as Icheon, Yeoju and Gwangju as the ceramic body material. Consequently, the addition of waste ceramic ware into the ceramic body was judged to have limit up to 30% according to plasticity measurement. As we added shredded waste ceramic ware as much as 30% into basic ceramic body and checked its features, the pore rate and absorption rate were good to be average 4% and 3% respectively. In addition, it showed strength more than 720 kgf/$cm^2$ which is higher than existing ceradon body on the market with good sinter state; so it is judged to be available or developed as new ceramic body.

Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics and Estimation of Centerline Temperature of Sr Ceramic Waste Form for Long-term Storage and Disposal

Byeonggwan Lee,Jung-Hoon Choi,Ki Rak Lee,Hyun Woo Kang,Hyeon Jin Eom,Hwan-Seo Park 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.1

To reduce the environmental burden caused by the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and maximize the utilization of the repository facility, waste burden minimization technology is currently being developed at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KEARI). The technology includes a nuclide management process that can maximize disposal efficiency by selectively separating and collecting major nuclides in spent nuclear fuel. In addition, for efficient storage facility utilization, the short-term decay heat generated by spent nuclear fuel must be removed from the waste stream. To minimize the short-term thermal load on the repository facility, it is necessary to separate heat generating nuclides such as Cs-137 and Sr-90 from the spent fuel. In particular, Sr-90 must be separated because it generates high heat during the decay process. KAERI has developed a technology for separating Sr nuclides from Group II nuclides separated through the nuclide management process. In this study, we prepared Sr ceramic waste form, SrTiO3, by using the solid-state reaction method for long-term storage for the decay of separated Sr nuclides and evaluated the physicochemical properties of the waste form. Also, the radiological and thermal characteristics of the Sr waste form were evaluated by predicting the composition of Sr nuclides separated through the nuclide management process, and the estimation of centerline temperature was carried out using the experimental thermal data and steady state conduction equation in a long and solid cylinder type waste form. These results provided fundamental data for long-term storage and management of Sr waste.

Black ceramic pigments for porcelain tile bodies produced with chromite ores and iron oxide waste

Belgin Tanisan,Servet Turan 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.4

In this study, two different natural chromite ores and iron oxide waste from the steel rolling industry were used as less expensive alternative raw materials for the synthesis of black ceramic pigments to be used in porcelain tile bodies. The effects of chromite ore-iron oxide waste ratios and calcination temperature on the pigment properties were investigated. It was found that chromite ore with a higher Cr2O3/FeO ratio can be used to synthesise black ceramic pigments when combined with the iron oxide waste. However, their color intensity was not as strong as commercial black pigments due to the presence of other phases and impurities coming from the chromite ores. When these pigments were used in combination with commercial black pigments,the consumption of the commercial pigments can be reduced, providing cost savings for coloration of porcelain tile bodies.

Vitreous and crystalline phosphate high level waste matrices: Present status and future challenges

Ashish Bohre,Kalpana Avasthi,Vladimir I. Pet’kov 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.50 No.-

Vitrification is currently the most effective process for immobilization of nuclear waste. However,ubiquitous borosilicate glass is not suitable for immobilization of nuclear waste from advanced reactorssuch as Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR) because solubility of many compounds/elements existing in the spentfuel in borosilicate glasses is quite poor. In order to possess a viable immobilization strategy for wastesarising from advanced reactors, alternatives to borosilicate glasses such as phosphate glasses, glassceramicsand crystalline waste forms are being investigated. This review aims to provide an overview ofnuclear waste immobilization employing phosphate-based glasses, glass-ceramics and crystallineceramic hosts, focusing on structure and properties that make these new matrices suitable for thechallenging task of waste immobilization.

Calcium-borosilicate glass-ceramics wasteforms to immobilize rare-earth oxide wastes from pyro-processing

Kim, Miae,Heo, Jong Elsevier 2015 Journal of Nuclear Materials Vol.467 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Glass-ceramics containing calcium neodymium(cerium) oxide silicate [Ca<SUB>2</SUB>Nd<SUB>8-x</SUB>Ce<SUB>x</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>] crystals were fabricated for the immobilization of radioactive wastes that contain large portions of rare-earth ions. Controlled crystallization of alkali borosilicate glasses by heating at T ≥ 750 °C for 3 h formed hexagonal Ca–silicate crystals. Maximum lanthanide oxide waste loading was >26.8 wt.%. Ce and Nd ions were highly partitioned inside Ca–silicate crystals compared to the glass matrix; the rare-earth wastes are efficiently immobilized inside the crystalline phases. The concentrations of Ce and Nd ions released in a material characterization center-type 1 test were below the detection limit (0.1 ppb) of inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Normalized release values performed by a product consistency test were 2.64·10<SUP>−6</SUP> g m<SUP>−2</SUP> for Ce ion and 2.19·10<SUP>−6</SUP> g m<SUP>−2</SUP> for Nd ion. Results suggest that glass-ceramics containing calcium neodymium(cerium) silicate crystals are good candidate wasteforms for immobilization of lanthanide wastes generated by pyro-processing.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Glass-ceramic wasteforms containing Ca<SUB>2</SUB>Nd<SUB>8-x</SUB>Ce<SUB>x</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> crystals were synthesized to immobilize lanthanide wastes. </LI> <LI> Maximum lanthanide oxide waste loading was >26.8 wt.%. </LI> <LI> Ce and Nd ions were highly partitioned inside Ca–Nd–silicate crystals compared to glass matrix. </LI> <LI> Amounts of Ce and Nd ions released in the material characterization center-type 1 were below the detection limit (0.1 ppb). </LI> <LI> Normalized release values performed by a PCT were 2.64•10<SUP>−6</SUP> g m<SUP>−2</SUP> for Ce ions and 2.19•10<SUP>−6</SUP> g m<SUP>−2</SUP> for Nd ions. </LI> </UL> </P>

Acidic treatment of sodium sulfide by-product sediment to recover sodium oxide and preparation porous ceramics for building applications

Changrong Liu,Hongbin Tan,Aiguo Zheng,Xiangmei Kang,Ao Jiang,Rui Fang,Haorong Ren,Wanwei Fang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.3

The manufacture of sodium sulfide through a carbon reduction process, using sodium sulfate as raw material, generatessodium sulfide by-product sediment, which has potential health and environmental impacts. Herein, a novel strategy isproposed to recover sodium oxide from the sediment by using acidic treatment and the influence of solution pH on sodiumoxide content is systematically studied. The results reveal that the sodium oxide content decreases with decreasing pH valueof the solution. At pH = 4, the as-treated sediment results in Na2O content of 3.10 wt. %, which recovery rate is about 90%. Furthermore, the influences of sintering temperature and time on compressive strength and bulk density are studied. Ingeneral, the compressive strength and bulk density increase with increasing sintering temperature and time. After sinteringat 1,300 oC for 120 min, the compressive strength and bulk density of the sintered porous ceramic are 26.66 MPa and 1.31 g/cm3, respectively. The porous ceramic, sintered at 1,300 oC, mainly consists of hauyne, gehlenite and hematite phases. Insummary, the few flaws in cell-walls result in high compressive strength of the as-prepared porous ceramics.

Effects of changes in temperature on treatment performance and energy recovery at mainstream anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor for food waste recycling wastewater treatment

Cho, Kyungjin,Jeong, Yeongmi,Seo, Kyu Won,Lee, Seockheon,Smith, Adam L.,Shin, Seung Gu,Cho, Si-Kyung,Park, Chanhyuk Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.256 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor (AnCMBR) has been attracted as an alternative technology to co-manage various organic substrates. This AnCMBR study investigated process performance and microbial community structure at decreasing temperatures to evaluate the potential of AnCMBR treatment for co-managing domestic wastewater (DWW) and food waste-recycling wastewater (FRW). As a result, the water flux (≥6.9 LMH) and organic removal efficiency (≥98.0%) were maintained above 25 °C. The trend of methane production in the AnCMBR was similar except for at 15 °C. At 15 °C, the archaeal community structure did not shifted, whereas the bacterial community structure was changed. Various major archaeal species were identified as the mesophilic methanogens which unable to grow at 15 °C. Our results suggest that the AnCMBR can be applied to co-manage DWW and FRW above 20 °C. Future improvements including psychrophilic methanogen inoculation and process optimization would make co-manage DWW and FRW at lower temperature climates.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Low-temperature anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor was evaluated. </LI> <LI> AnCMBR for treating a dilute FRW and domestic wastewater mixture. </LI> <LI> AnCMBR was successfully applied at ambient temperature for co-managing DWW and FRW. </LI> <LI> Microbial community structure was shifted by the temperature changes. </LI> <LI> Methanogenic activity was inhibited at 15 °C in AnCMBR treatment. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Evaluating Leaching Property of Gadolinium-Iron-Garnet Ceramic Waste Form

Jinyoung Lee,Jong-Il Yun 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.1

Garnet is one of the promising ceramic waste forms for immobilizing radioactive wastes. It has an A3 [VIII]B2 [VI]T3 [IV]O12 structure, so it can accommodate various cations of different sizes and coordination. Silicon usually occupies the centers of the tetrahedron structural site (T[IV]O4) in natural garnet. However, substitution of the T-site with iron, which has a relatively large ionic radius, causes the expansion of a unit cell volume of garnet and allows the incorporation of large cations such as actinides at other sites. Relatively few leaching data have been reported for ferrite garnet waste forms to date. In this study, we synthesized gadolinium-iron-garnet and evaluated the leaching property using cerium as a surrogate for actinide elements. The test specimens were made by cold pressing and sintering process. Three different standard leaching tests were performed as follows. The PCT-A (ASTM C1285) was performed for 7 days at 90°C to the crushed sample (0.149 to 0.074 mm). The ANSI/ANS-16.1 standard leach test was performed at ambient conditions for 5 days with constant replacement of leachate. Finally, the MCC-1 (ASTM C1220) test was performed for 28 days at 90°C with different types of leachants such as ultrapure water, brine, and silicate water. The last two leaching tests were conducted on monolithic specimens. After the end of the test, leachate was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (Agilent, ICP-MS 7700S).

Preparation of environmentally friendly low‐cost mullite porous Ceramics and the effect of Waste Glass Powder on structure and mechanical Properties

Wei Lian,Yan Liu,Wenjie Wang,Yangtao Dong,Sheng Wang,Zhenying Liu,Yin Liu 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.2

Environmentally friendly low-cost porous ceramics are prepared with 98.2 wt% mining waste as the raw materials at 1180 °C. The glass powder forms liquid phase at high temperatures, promoting the densification of the materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the formation of mullite is affected by sintering temperature and content of liquid phase. The enhancement in densification is verified by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis results. According to the evolution of pore structure, the effect of the glass powder on the structure is confirmed. The number ratio of pores of < 8 μm to those of 8 ~ 20 μm is varied from 7:2 to 2:7. The minimum apparent porosity is 31.22 %, while the maximum density and linear shrinkage are 1.75 g/cm 3 and 8.48 %, respectively. The flexural strength (three-point bending method) was increased from 7.47 MPa to 28.36 MPa, indicating that the addition of glass powder could increase mechanical properties of the porous ceramics. Therefore, solid wastes can be used as the resource to develop porous mullite ceramics.