Renal Potassium Excretion Visualized on 82Rubidium PET/CT

Mads Ryø Jochumsen,Lars Poulsen Tolbod,Michael Borre,Jørgen Frøkiær,Kirsten Bouchelouche,Jens Sörensen 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.2

The positron emission tomography (PET) flow tracer 82Rubidium is a known potassium analogue. During our studies of tumor blood flow in prostate cancer, we found that approximately 10% of the patients had high urinary 82Rubidium activity. In roughly half of these patients, the increased renal rubidium/potassium excretion was either causing hypokalemia or explained by Thiazide treatment. In the other half, there was no obvious explanation or clinical consequence of the renal rubidium/potassium excretion. This is the first time enhanced renal potassium excretion is visualized on 82Rubidium PET/CT.

Effect of Rubidium Incorporation on the Structural, Electrical, and Photovoltaic Properties of Methylammonium Lead Iodide-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

Park, Ik Jae,Seo, Seongrok,Park, Min Ah,Lee, Sangwook,Kim, Dong Hoe,Zhu, Kai,Shin, Hyunjung,Kim, Jin Young American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.48

<P>We report the electrical properties of rubidium-incorporated methylammonium lead iodide ((Rb(x)MA(1-x))PbI3) films and the photovoltaic performance of (Rb(x)MA(1-x))PbI3 film-based p-i-n-type perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The incorporation of a small amount of Rb+ (x = 0.05) increases both the open circuit voltage (V-oc) and the short circuit photocurrent density (J(sc)) of the PSCs, leading to an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, a high fraction of Rb+ incorporation (x = 0.1 and 0.2) decreases the J(sc) and thus the PCE, which is attributed to the phase segregation of the single tetragonal perovskite phase to a MA-rich tetragonal perovskite phase and a RbPbI3 orthorhombic phase at high Rb fractions. Conductive atomic force microscopic and admittance spectroscopic analyses reveal that the single-phase (Rb(0.05)MA(0.95))PbI3 film has a high electrical conductivity because of a reduced deep-level trap density. We also found that Rb substitution enhances the diode characteristics of the PSC, as evidenced by the reduced reverse saturation current (J(0)). The optimized (Rb(x)MA(1-x))PbI3 PSCs exhibited a PCE of 18.8% with negligible hysteresis in the photocurrent-voltage curve. The results from this work enhance the understanding of the effect of Rb incorporation into organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites and enable the exploration of Rb-incorporated mixed perovskites for various applications, such as solar cells, photodetectors, and light-emitting diodes.</P>

Thallium-201 을 이용한 세포막 Na+-K+ ATPase 활성도 측정 ; Rubidium-86 측정법과의 비교

이규보(Kyu Bo Lee),이재태(Jae Tae Lee),손상균(Sang Kyun Sohn),이인규(In Kyu Lee) 대한핵의학회 1998 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.32 No.2

N/A Purpose: Na+-K+ ATPase Activity has beem estimated by the degree of inhibition of cation transport by cardiac glycosides (ouabain) using Rb-86 as a substrate. The biological characterist- Isc of T1-201 is known to be simiIar to those of potassium as a transport substrate in the presence of glucose, insulin or phobol myristate acetate (PMA). The purpose of this study was to measure ouabain sensitive Na+-K+ ATPase activity using T1-201 and compare with that using Rb-86. Materials and Methods: Smooth muscle cells isolated from rat aorta or human placental umbilical artery were cultured, and used to measure cellular Na+-K+ ATPase activity. Na+-K+ ATPase activity was measured as a percentage decrease in cellular uptake of T1-201 or Rb-86 by ouabain under the presence of glucose, insulin or PMA in media. Results: Na+-K+ ATPase ase activity measured with T1-201, as a transport substrate, was not different from those measured with Rb-86 in rat or human smooth muscle cell preparation. Incubation with high concentration glucose resulted in about 30% decrease in enzyme activity. In contrast, insulin or PMA resulted in 50-70% or 28% increases from baseline activity, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggests that T1-201 could replace Rb-86 in measurement of ouabain sensititive Na+-K+ ATPase activity in vitro. High level of glucose concentration decreased cellular Na+-K+ ATPase activity, but insulin or PMA increased it.

Optical Potential Study of Electron Scattering by Rubidium

J. H. Chin,Kuru Ratnavelu,Y. Zhou 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.41

The coupled-channel optical method (CCOM) has been implemented in the study of electron-rubidium scattering. This method includes the continuum effect in the calculation via an ab-initio optical potential. Eight atomic states (5s, 5p, 4d, 6s, 6p, 5d, 7s, 7p) were used together with the continuum optical potential in the 5s-5s, 5s-5p and 5p-5p coupling. The elastic, inelastic and total cross sections for electron-rubidium scattering at low and intermediate energies, ranging from 10eV to 100eV, are reported. The results are compared with available experimental and theoretical data.

Sorption kinetics of carbon dioxide onto rubidium carbonate

황규석,박대원,오광중,김성수,박상욱 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.5

Rubidium carbonate was used as an adsorbent to capture carbon dioxide from gaseous stream of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and moisture in a fixed-bed to obtain the breakthrough data of CO2. Experiments were carried out at flow rates of carbon dioxide and nitrogen (5×10−6-35×10−6 m3/min), moisture (0.5×10−6-3.0×10−6 m3/h), amount of adsorbent (0.5×10−3-1.8×10−3 kg), mole fraction of carbon dioxide (0.03-0.22), and different sorption temperatures (323-353 K) at atmospheric pressure. The deactivation model in the non-catalytic heterogeneous reaction systems was used to analyze the sorption kinetics among carbon dioxide, carbonate, and moisture, employing the experimental breakthrough data that fit the deactivation model better than the adsorption isotherm models in the literature.

Valuable rubidium extraction from potassium reduced seawater brine

Naidu, Gayathri,Jeong, Sanghyun,Choi, Youngkwon,Song, Min Hyung,Oyunchuluun, Undram,Vigneswaran, Saravanamuthu Elsevier 2018 Journal of cleaner production Vol.174 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Extraction of rubidium (Rb) which is an economically valuable metal from seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine is beneficial. However, potassium (K) in SWRO brine hinders Rb extraction. Natural clinoptilolite zeolite in powder form was able to selectively remove K from SWRO brine (Langmuir maximum sorption, Qmax (cal.) = 57.47 ± 0.09 mg/g). An integrated submerged membrane sorption reactor (SMSR) containing zeolite powder achieved 65% K removal from SWRO brine. Periodic replacement of zeolite in SMSR, coupled with membrane backwashing was effective in maintaining a high K removal efficiency and a stable transmembrane pressure. Less than 5% Rb losses occurred along with K sorption, establishing the high K selectivity by zeolite in SWRO brine. Utilization of K loaded zeolite as a slow release fertilizer would be beneficial for agriculture. In SWRO brine with reduced K contents, the Rb sorption efficiency of polymer encapsulated potassium copper hexacyanoferrate (KCuFC(PAN)) sorbent, increased significantly from 18% to 83%.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

도플러 확장된 루비듐 증기셀에 대한 투과 스펙트럼

서민정,노흥렬 한국물리학회 2010 새물리 Vol.60 No.8

The transmittance spectrum of a weak laser beam for a Doppler-broadened rubidium atomic vapor cell was calculated analytically. The obtained analytic results for the D2 and the D1 transitions of 87Rb and 85Rb atoms were found to be composed of the sum of Gaussian functions. These results could be used in easily estimating the absolute value of the transmittance of a weak laser beam. In addition, the temperature of the cell can be determined by a comparison with experimental results. 도플러 확장된 루비듐 원자 증기셀에 대한 약한 세기를 갖는 레이저광의투과 스펙트럼을 해석적으로 계산하였다. 질량수가 87 및 85인 루비듐동위원소의 D2와 D1 전이선에 대한 결과를 각각 구하였으며 간단한가우시안 함수의 합으로 표현됨을 알 수 있었다. 본 결과로부터 루비듐원자 증기셀 대한 투과 스펙트럼을 용이하게 예측할 수 있으며 실험결과와의 비교를 통해서 원자셀의 온도를 측정할 수 있다.

Calculation of the Absorption Coefficient for a Doppler-Broadened Multilevel Atom

Seo Ro Shin,노흥렬,노흥식 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.1

A theoretical study was carried out on the linear absorption of a Doppler-broadened rubidium vapor cell. The absorption coefficient of б+or π) polarized beam for the D2 transition line of rubidium atoms was calculated as a function of the laser frequency at various laser intensities. We found that the absorption coefficient for the transition from a lower hyperfine state [5S1/2, Fg = 1(or 2)] of 87Rb (or 85Rb) atoms decreased with increasing laser intensity whereas that for the transition from the upper hyperfine state [5S1/2, Fg = 2 (or 3)] increased until the intensity reached ~20% of the saturation intensity and decreased gradually (decreased) for б+π) polarized laser beam. An accurate calculation of the transmission was performed, and the results were compared with the approximated results.

Syntheses and Thermal Behaviors of Rb(FOX-7)·H2O and Cs(FOX-7)·H2O

Jinan Luo,Kangzhen Xu,Min Wang,Jirong Song,Xiaolei Ren,Yongshun Chen,Fengqi Zhao 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.10

Two new energetic organic alkali metal salts, 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene rubidium salt [Rb(FOX-7)·H2O] and 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene cesium salt [Cs(FOX-7)·H2O], were synthesized by reacting of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) and rubidium chloride or cesium chloride in alkali methanol aqueous solution, respectively. The thermal behaviors of Rb(FOX-7)·H2O and Cs(FOX-7)·H2O were studied with DSC and TG methods. The critical temperatures of thermal explosion of the two compounds are 216.22 and 223.73 oC, respectively. Specific heat capacities of the two compounds were determined with a micro-DSC method, and the molar heat capacities are 217.46 and 199.47 J mol‒1K‒1 at 298.15 K, respectively. The adiabatic times-to-explosion were also calculated to be a certain value of 5.81 - 6.36s for Rb(FOX-7)·H2O, and 9.92 - 10.54 s for Cs(FOX-7)·H2O. After FOX-7 becoming alkali metal salts, thermal decomposition temperatures of the compounds heighten with the rise of element period, but thermal decomposition processes become intense.

Production of Hyperpolarized 129Xe Using Spin Exchange Optical Pumping

Vladimir Vladimirovich KAVTANYUK,Wooyoung KIM,Yu ANDO,Sergey Chebotaryov,Yonggeun SEON,Joshua Artem TAN 한국물리학회 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.73 No.10

We present a constructed setup for polarizing 129Xe noble gas. Hyperpolarized 129Xe has been obtained via spin exchange with an optically pumped rubidium vapor. Optical pumping is based on polarizing the valence electron of rubidium by the resonant absorption of a circularly polarized laser light. The magnetic field of 30 G was used for obtaining 129Xe polarization. The apparatus for detecting polarization is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. The highest 129Xe polarization of 54% has been obtained using 60 W circularly polarized laser light with wavelength of 794.7 nm. The measured longitudinal relaxation time of the hyperpolarized 129Xe was 72.3 minutes.