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α-Phenyl-N-iso-propylnitrone 유도체에 대한 Potassium Cyanide의 친핵성 첨가반응 메카니즘과 반응 속도론적 연구
이광일,곽천근,장병만 경기대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.37 No.-
The rate constant of the nucleophilic addition of potassium cyanide to α-phenyl-N-iso-propylnitrone derivatives were determined at various pH and a rate equation which can be applied over wide pH range is obtained. Final product of the addition reaction was α-cyano-p-phenylbenzyliden-N-iso-propyl amine. Base on the rate equation, general base effect, substituent effect and final product, plausible mechanism of addition reaction have been proposed. Below pH 3.0, the reaction was initiated by the addition of netural hydrogen cyanide, and in the range of pH 3.0-10.0, proceeded by the competitive addition of hydrogen cyanide and cyanide anion. Above the pH 10.0, the reaction proceeded through the addition of cyanide anion.
Ilesanmi Omotayo Babatunde,Ikpesu Thomas 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2021 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.21 No.2
Potassium cyanide (KCN) is a salt that release cyanide upon degradation in living system. Cyanide is a chemical that induced its toxicity and lethal effect through the inhibition of cytochrome C oxidase activity. Trèvo, a phytochemical rich product is majorly used for its antiaging and disease prevention among individuals. We evaluated the potential of trèvo to reverse the biochemical toxicity of cyanide in the brain of male wistar rats. The biochemical changes assessed are- cytochrome C oxidase (CCO), neurochemicals (acetylcholine esterase (ACHE), dopamine and serotonin), and p53, antioxidants (catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonedialdehyde (MDA). KCN significantly inhibited the activity of CCO, CAT and SOD, increased the level of p53, AChE and MDA as well as decreased the level of dopamine and serotonin. Early administration of trèvo caused a reversal of all these biochemical at varying degree. Histological results showed that KCN had no observ-able effect on the morphology of the brain. Further work can be done on the effect of trèvo on long-term exposure to KCN.
국내 유통 소금 중의 포타슘시아니이드와 페로시아나이드염의 분석에 관한 연구
허숙진,소유섭,최장덕,이화정,최선희,성준현,임무혁,김광수,최용훈,오해성,최정희,최정실,허옥순,이진하,신동우,신현수,문병우 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-
본 연구는 국내 유통 소금중의 안전성을 규명하기 위하여 천일염 54건, 재제염 보건, 가공염 33건 등 총 143건에 대하여 숲행하였다. HPLC, ICP, Mercury Analyzer 등을 이용하여 KCN, 페로시아나이드 염, 납 등 6개 성분의 항량을 측정하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. [rdn-max(mean) ; m곱3 ; f(CN : ND-ND(ND), 페로시아나이드염 : ND-ND(ND), Pb . ND-1.30 (0.331), Cd :ND-0.23(0.070), Hg ND-0.35(0,035), As :ND-1.52fo.062). 또한, 신속하고도 효율적이 면서 기존의 환경부 시안분석법의 단점을 보완할 수 있는 KCN과 페로시아나이드염의 분석 조건을 계시하였으며, 천일염, 재제염, 가공염 뿐만아니라 소금이 첨가된 식품까지도 적용하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to confirm the safety in a total of 143 samples of salts. The contents of potassium cyanide(KCN), potassium ferrocyanide(K_(4)Fe(CN)_(6)), lead(Pb), cadmium(Cd), mercury(Hg), and arsenic(As) were determined using a high performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC), inductively coupled plasma spectrometer(ICP), and mercury analyzer. The values of cyanide complexes and metal elements in salts were as follow [min-max(mean);mg/kg] ; KCN : ND-ND(ND), Ferrocyanide salt : ND-ND(ND), Pb : ND-1.30(0.331), Cd: ND-0.23(0.070), Hg : ND-0.35(0.035), As : ND-1.52(0.062). In this study, we established efficient
Modulation of Muscarinic K+ Channel by Protein Kinase C in Ischemic Rat Atrial Myocytes
Kang, Dawon,Lee, Hong Sik,Hong, Seong Geun,Han, Jaehee 대한심장학회 2005 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.35 No.11
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have shown that many kinds of K+ channels, including the muscarinic K+ channel (KACh), are activated in the ischemic heart. It is known that these channels can be modulated by phosphorylation. However, little is known about the function of the KACh in ischemic hearts. In this study, we examined whether the KACh channel is mediated by protein kinase C (PKC) activation in rat atrial myocytes under ischemic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single atrial cells of adult rat heart were prepared by collagenase digestion. Channel activity of KACh was recorded by cell-attached configuration from single atrial cells under ischemic conditions, using a patch clamp technique. To simulate ischemia, adenosine or potassium cyanide (KCN) was applied to atrial myocytes, and Western blot was performed to specify PKC isoforms. RESULTS: Adenosine and KCN markedly increased KACh channel activity. The responses to adenosine and KCN were increased 3-fold at mean open time from that observed with control. Channel activity of KACh was blocked by pretreatment with PKC antagonists such as sphingosine, Go 6976, and rottlerin. PKC alpha and PKC betaI isoform levels were increased in the membrane fraction of ischemic heart, indicating that ischemic stress might trigger translocation of cytosolic PKC to the cell membrane. CONCLUSION: These results show that KACh channels are modulated by PKC activation under ischemic conditions induced by adenosine or KCN. Therefore, the channels can protect the heart from ischemic stress by increasing channel activity.
Shim, Hong Jae,Ghorpade, Uma V.,Surywanshi, Mahesh P.,Gang, Myengil,Kim, Jin Hyeok Elsevier 2019 THIN SOLID FILMS - Vol.670 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSn(S,Se)<SUB>4</SUB> (CZTSSe) thin film solar cells (TFSCs) have emerged as the most promising low-cost alternatives to well-established CuInGaS<SUB>2</SUB> and CuInS<SUB>2</SUB>-based TFSCs technologies. The surface composition of the absorber layer and the interface quality between the absorber and buffer layers play a key role in the performance of CZTSSe TFSCs. In this study, we investigated the influence of different etchants namely potassium cyanide (KCN), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ammonia on different properties such as structural, morphological, and compositional as well as the solar cell performance of CZTSSe TFSCs. The results revealed no significant changes in the film structural properties before and after etching with any of the tested etchants. However, the slight changes in the composition and microstructure were observed after etching treatment. The microstructure was improved after KCN treatment with larger grain size compared to absorber layer without etching, whereas the slightly distorted microstructure with several surface pinholes was observed after HCl and ammonia treatment. Surprisingly, HCl and ammonia treatments degraded the open circuit voltage and fill factor values and thereby decreasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the CZTSSe TFSCs. On the other hand, KCN treatment slightly improved the PCE of CZTSSe TFSCs. The decreased PCE after HCl and ammonia treatments could be mainly attributed to the deteriorated absorber quality as well as poor formation of poor juction between the absorber layer and the CdS buffer layer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Comparative study of different etchants has been conducted on CZTSSe solar cells. </LI> <LI> KCN etching improved the performance of CZTSSe solar cells. </LI> <LI> HCl and NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH degraded the performance of CZTSSe solar cells. </LI> </UL> </P>