한국 현대 노년소설의 변화 양상 연구- 노년 담론의 성장과 작가 의식의 성숙을 중심으로 -

이미란 한국언어문학회 2016 한국언어문학 Vol.99 No.-

This paper is to review the aspects of change in modern Korean old age novels, started actively from 1970s, in terms of the progress of old age discourse and the matureness of authors’ consciousness. In 1970s, old age novels mainly described old age images, being rejected and left alone at home due to the collapse of traditional intrinsic familial value with industrialization and nuclear family. And novels raised the elderly problems must be solved by nation and society. In 1980s, old age images were figured as still being peripheral in spite of the elevation of social attention to old age welfare. And later the novels appeared with old age characters trying to live their lives subjectively, or showed the understanding and awareness of old age with the discovery of positive mind in old ugliness body In 1990s, with the currency focused on the individual and daily life, novels appeared, describing old ages trying to find meaningful and real life out of fantasies. After 2000s, many novels come to show the insight of ‘brink’ with the progress of old age discourse and the advent of old age authors. These works asked what the human being is, and what the valuable life is. They presentcourageous choice, emotional independence, understanding and recipience of others, and humors as answers. Korean modern old age novels, from starting as an accuser of alienation of the elderly in 1970s to the present, have grown up to the works with insight into human life through raising elderly problems, understanding and awareness on the old age.

한국 현대 노년소설의 변화 양상 연구* - 노년 담론의 성장과 작가 의식의 성숙을 중심으로

이미란(Lee, Mi-ran) 한국언어문학회 2019 한국언어문학 Vol.109 No.-

This paper is to review the aspects of change in modern Korean old age novels, started actively from 1970s, in terms of the progress of old age discourse and the matureness of authors’ consciousness. In 1970s, old age novels mainly described old age images, being rejected and left alone at home due to the collapse of traditional intrinsic familial value with industrialization and nuclear family. And novels raised the elderly problems must be solved by nation and society. In 1980s, old age images were figured as still being peripheral in spite of the elevation of social attention to old age welfare. And later the novels appeared with old age characters trying to live their lives subjectively, or showed the understanding and awareness of old age with the discovery of positive mind in old ugliness body In 1990s, with the currency focused on the individual and daily life, novels appeared, describing old ages trying to find meaningful and real life out of fantasies. After 2000s, many novels come to show the insight of ‘brink’ with the progress of old age discourse and the advent of old age authors. These works asked what the human being is, and what the valuable life is. They present courageous choice, emotional independence, understanding and recipience of others, and humors as answers. Korean modern old age novels, from starting as an accuser of alienation of the elderly in 1970s to the present, have grown up to the works with insight into human life through raising elderly problems, understanding and awareness on the old age.

포커스그룹 인터뷰를 통해 살펴본 조기노령연금 수급 원인과 정책방안

김혜진 한국사회복지정책학회 2023 사회복지정책 Vol.50 No.4

The purpose of this study is to identify the reasons for applying for the early old-age pension and the recipients’ perceptions and attitudes on how to improve the early old-age pension system. To this end, a qualitative research method was used to identify the reasons for applying for the early old-age pension and opinions on how to improve the system among 33 early-age pensioners. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, we found that recipients often apply for the early old-age pension for minimum living expenses because of reasons such as unemployment, business failure, and deteriorating health. However, in addition to living expenses, recipients apply for the early old-age pension to reflect their thoughts on economic advantages and disadvantages, such as believing that it’s economically better to enjoy a comfortable life at a younger age. Recipients also apply for the early old-age pension due to concerns about the depletion of the national pension or disadvantages from other social security systems (health insurance and basic pension). Next, when looking at opinions on improving the early old-age pension, many people indicated they would still apply for the early old-age pension even if the enrollment period and eligibility age were increased. There was an overall positive attitude towards introducing a partial early old-age pension system. Based on the above results, it is necessary to improve the early old-age pension system in the future, such as strengthening the eligibility requirements. However, any improvements to the system, like strengthening the eligibility requirements and introducing a partial early old-age pension should be considered based on the development of the employment system for the elderly. 본 연구의 목적은 조기노령연금 신청 이유와 조기노령연금 관련 제도 개선 방안에 대한 수급자의 인식 및 태도를 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위해 질적 연구 방법을 사용하여 조기노령연금 수급자 33명을 대상으로 조기노령연금 신청 이유와 제도 개선에 대한 의견을 파악하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조기노령연금 신청 이유를 파악한 결과 실직이나 사업 실패, 건강 악화 등의 사유로 최소한의 생계비를 마련하기 위해 조기노령연금을 수령하는 경우가 많았다. 그러나 조금이라도 젊을 때 여유 있게 생활하는 것이 경제적으로 유리하다고 판단하는 등 경제적 유불리에 대한 개인의 생각이 반영되어 조기노령연금을 신청하는 경우도 있었다. 또한 국민연금 고갈에 대한 우려나 타 사회복지제도(건강보험과 기초연금)의 불이익에 대한 우려로 조기노령연금을 신청하는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 조기노령연금 개선에 대한 의견을살펴보면 먼저 현행 가입 기간 요건과 수급 연령이 상향되더라도 조기노령연금을 신청하겠다는 의견이 많았다. 특히 현재 생활이 어려운 수급자나 연금액이 많지 않은 수급자의 경우 수급 요건이 강화되더라도 조기노령연금을 신청하겠다는 의견이 두드러졌다. 한편 부분 조기노령연금제도의 도입과 관련하여 전반적으로 긍정적인 태도를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 조기노령연금의 수급요건 강화, 부분 조기노령연금 도입 등과 같은 제도 개선을 고려해야 할 것이나, 이러한 제도 개선은 고령자 고용제도의 발달을 전제로 도입 여부를 검토할 필요가 있다.

특집 : 서양 역사 속의 노년 ; 서유럽 중세의 노년에 관한 담론 -추상적 노년에서 현실의 노년으로-

성백용 ( Baik Yong Sung ) 한국서양사학회 2012 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.114

Due to scant sources and interpretative difficulties, it is quite difficult to answer the question of the relationship between old age in representations and old age in real life. Bearing this insoluble question in mind, this article discusses various discourses about old age in medieval Western Europe. Discussed are theoretical discourse on the life-cycle, moral discourse on old age and a literary description illustrated in two works of the late Middle Ages. These three viewpoints, of course, do not cover all expressions of old age in the Middle Ages, nor do they indicate a sequential process of development. First, the theories on cursus aetatis varying from triadic to the seven-age scheme, follow the ancient traditions largely in a mechanical fashion; and these beliefs, though long lasting, do not reflect contemporary reality at all. Second, the moral discourses mostly established a hagiographic model of old age embodying Christian virtues, which tended to substitute the Augustinian notion of old age for a stoic notion depicted by Cicero. Consequently the images of old age, as shown in Dante`s Il Convivio, appear in abstract and idealized forms regardless of physical age, based on pessimistic awareness of old age in real life. Finally, unlike this type, two literary works written after the Black Death, that is Decameron and The Canterbury Tales precisely portray old age as it is. They are not a heroic epic of old age going beyond the physical age, but a lyric of the old in which some are wise and benign, while others foolish and caught in lust; most of them sometimes grumble about situations of the aged, while they show a strong desire for life at times. Therefore, it is likely to see discourses and representations of old age run into its earthly realities in the late Middle Ages, while schematic and abstract discourses persisted. For this reason, it is possible and meaningful to try to catch some changes of circumstances surrounding old age and the aged in literary works of the late Middle Ages.

노년 소설 연구-박완서의 노년 소설을 중심으로-

김보민 인문사회 21 2022 인문사회 21 Vol.13 No.6

Study on Old Age Novel-Focused on Old Age Novel by Park Wan Seo-Bomin Kim Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze perceptions on patriarch by old age men and women focused on old age novel by Park Wan Seo. Comprehensive analysis method was applied to include both diversity and complexity shown by old age or families. In the novel, old age women strengthened patriarchy as internalizing its concept. and old age men was shown as not an assailant or a ruler but both a victim and a governed person to families, therefore, it was rather old age women than old age men who solidify patriarchy. This study is significant in the point that it verified old aged people who has lived in the traditional patriarchal society still internalize the concept of patriarchy. This study has limitation because it discussed with a part of novels by Park Wan Seo, therefore in further study it is suggested to analyze old age’s life in diverse classes intensively. Key Words: Old Age Women Advocating Patriarchy, Old Age Man Who Lost Patriarchy, Family, Old Age, Perception 노년 소설 연구-박완서의 노년 소설을 중심으로-김 보 민* 연구 목적: 이 연구는 박완서의 노년 소설을 중심으로, 여성 노인과 남성 노인의 가부장 인식을 분석하는 데 목적을 두었다. 연구 방법: 노년이나 가족이 보여주는 다양성과 복잡성을 함께 아우르기 위해 종합적인 분석방법을 적용하였다. 연구 내용: 여성 노인의 경우 가부장제의 관념을 내면화함으로써 가부장제를 공고히 하고 있었고, 남성 노인의 경우 가족들에게 있어 가해자도 지배자도 아닌 피해자이자 피지배자로 나타나고 있었다. 따라서 가부장제를 공고히 하는 것은 남성 노인이 아니라 오히려 여성 노인으로 나타났다. 결론 및 제언: 전통적인 가부장 사회에서 살아온 노인들은 여전히 가부장 인식을 내면화하고 있음을 확인했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 이 연구는 박완서의 작품 일부만을 중심으로 논의했다는 한계가 있다. 따라서 향후 연구는 박완서 소설에 나타난 다양한 계층의 노년의 모습이 집중적으로 분석이 이루어지기를 제언한다. 핵심어: 가부장제를 옹호하는 여성 노인, 가부장제를 상실한 남성 노인, 가족, 노년, 인식 □ 접수일: 2022년 12월 7일, 수정일: 2022년 12월 20일, 게재확정일: 2022년 12월 20일* 가야대학교 교양학부 교수(Professor, Kaya Univ., Email: bomin3322@hanmail.net)

한국 고문서학의 전개과정

양진석 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2009 규장각 Vol.34 No.-

The Korean age-old documents we have today are mostly originated from governmental offices, and the ones from periods before the 17th century are mostly missing, due to wars and other reasons. Many of the documents from periods after the wars are also missing, and the ones that remain are in most cases the ones generated by central offices. The age-old documents that are now newly discovered or found are mostly reported from individuals or houses or governmental bodies, who or which had managed to keep them in their custody for a long time. The old documents that were kept by individuals are in some cases produced by either the king, the royal family or the governmental offices, but are mostly private documents which were produced by other individuals. They usually cover a variety of topics such as religion, or even the plans of establishing secret alliances. Studies of Korean age-old documents began in the 1960s, and in the 1970s the effort to compile all those original materials of such age-old documents into manuals and books first emerged. In the 1980s the contents which had been written in the so-called grass-style writing were interpreted and rewritten(reprinted) in standard writing style, and then they were published in the form of material books. The Seoul National university library(Kyujanggak), the Academy of Korean studies(Jangseo-gak), Yeongnam university played the leading role in such publication projects, and following such initiatives other universities as well and the National Museum of Korea, the National Library of Korea, other self-governing local bodies, traditional Seoweon and Hyanggyo schools, and private houses and individuals, all continued such efforts of compiling and publishing age-old document books. Attempts of using such age-old documents in academic studies are continuing in the area of historical studies, studies of the Korean language, studies of socio-economic history, and the study of legal codes, etc. Yet in order to efficiently and effectively utilize such material, several conditions should be in place: the ability to examine and interpret contents written in either grass-style writing or Haengseo standard style, the ability to examine and interpret contents written in cursive letters, and also the ability to examine and interpret sentences written in Chinese letters yet composed in a 'Korean' style(using Idu) or Chinese sentences using Chinese letters which were fashioned specifically by the Koreans, should be secured beforehand. Many scholars devoted a considerable amount of their time and efforts into establishing a categorization system for the age-old documents. And the most important task that had to be done before all else was establishing the 'definition' of age-old documents. Such definition had to reflect all the characteristics of the age-old documents, and also take all the basic components of such documents into consideration. Currently the age-old documents from the past are categorized by who generated such document, and are assorted into categories such as the kings' documents, the royal family's documents, governmental offices' documents, private individuals' documents, religious bodies' documents, Seoweon schools' documents, Dogwan office's documents, Allied organizations' documents, and Bong-shin'bul documents. The diplomatic documents are categorized, by the counterpart countries of Korea such as China and Japan, yet studies that directly dealt with such diplomatic documents are yet to be announced. Also, aside of this categorization, in some cases a wider definition of the age-old documents is also employed. In the 2000s, the categorization system was once again discussed, yet instead of trying to make some hasty modifications to the current system, we should try to heighten the level and quality of age-old document studies in general and then try to renovate the categorization system based upon such results. It is not an easy job to ascertain the exact figure ...

고령화시대의 선진적 노년문화 조성을 위한 소설독서교육 방안

장미영(Jang Mi-Young) 국어문학회 2006 국어문학 Vol.41 No.-

This paper looks into the possibility which novels can be newly read by the aged and at the same time gropes for the way to establish the advanced old age culture. Reader oriented assessment of novels will reconstruct the expectation to the works and it will cause writers' new creative works. Furthermore, such a try can go beyond the practice that novels are assessed in a 'novel researcher oriented' way and considers the general public's view and estimation. This study, apart from tile major view to assess novels with the artistic criteria, tries to find the practical value or efficient value leading to the useful utilization of novel in our society. To face 21st Century of information and knowledge, the society concentrates on reading education for the Youth. But this should also apply to the Aged. If the aged turn away from this demand of the times, they will become desperate. Similarly if the society doesn't require the needs of the times, it will drive the aged to disappoint Our society regards the people more than 60 years old as the aged. Traditionally the age of 60 has been called as"Hwan Gap"and regarded as another era in people's lives. The life after 60 is considered as a period of finishing life and preparing for death. But if one has to wait for death for another 10 to 40 years, it would be a curse or punishment as one loses lively dreams. Our society has respected the aged and treated them well. Specially in the agricultural society, the aged acted as wise deliverers of history and culture. The word of 'Eareun'(the Superior) includes the old people's role in the society and their value. Prior to the industrial society, an old person was 'the old story teller.' He/she was a deliverer of history and culture, a story teller making a dream and a guide of the child's life. To the grown-up, the old person was a senior of their lives and an object of respect. The old person was a commander managing various works and at the same time a social leader. In a traditional society, the old were respected just because of their age. Today, particularly 1980s and after which is characterized as industrialization and urbanization, the respect from the society has been diminished. The word of 'Old person' becomes equal to the meaning of loss of social efficiency. Old person means nowadays the loss of income, profession, health, memory, wisdom, family, friends and sense. Reading activity is the way to be human in the old age. Novel reading can be an alternative to narrow the distance between generations and generations as an old person can look into the life and culture of the younger generation. At the same time, the figure of an old person reading a book can be a model to the next generation. It is necessary to eliminate the obstacles to reading in order to make it an old age culture. One alternative method is to activate the public welfare work reading for the visually handicapped or unlettered old people. And also books in large characters for elderly people should be published. Reading strategy considering the old people's physical weakness should be established. If a reading can be settled as the old age culture, it will lead to the positive old people's discussion opposing negative image or discrimination. Specially novel reading will become a way to create the new old age culture keeping the old people's human dignity and maintaining the existence value because novels are easier and more understandable compare to the other kinds of books.

중년층의 노후준비 수준에 관한 연구

김양이(Kim Yang Ie),이채우(Chae Woo Lee) 연세대학교 사회복지연구소 2008 한국사회복지조사연구 Vol.19 No.-

In this rapidly changing aging society, the recognition toward one s preparation for old age of the middle-aged is increasing. Systematically preparing physical, emotional, and financial arrangements for the approach of senescence is a very important task of the middle-aged. Therefore, this study aims to understand the level of preparation for old age among middle-aged people and to clarify factors that influence it in order to investigate desirable plans. Data were collected by self-reporting from structured questionnaires done among 480 middle-aged Iksan city citizens between 40~60 years old. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 12.0. The following are analysis results. First, the most influencive factor of preparation for old age of the middle-aged was whether the person had established a plan for his/her senescence. Those who already had a senescence plan were doing well in preparing physically, emotionally, and financially. Second, other factors that affected preparation for old age were monthly income, academic background, benefits from pension system, and the intension to enter an institute. These were all related to economic power, and is interpreted that practically a certain financial leeway was required to prepare well. Third, whether a person had a religion influenced the emotional preparations for old age. This is considered to be from the emotional stability or faith toward afterlife supporting people to accept senescence more steadily. Fourth, gender, life partner, age were also influencing factors. Women tended to be more successful in financial and emotional preparations. Those with a life partner were generally better than those that were single. Preparations improved as age increased. This result indicates that women are more prudent and ready than men. Results of people with a life partner being better also is considered to be caused from the women s readiness. As for age, the recognition of being an old aged person gets higher as age draws closer to senescence. Based on these results, the following measures for preparing old age of the middle-aged were proposed. First, preparing for old age should be started in full-scale since the middle age. The family should make plans together and measures that can be practiced by the whole family are required. Second, development of programs in social welfare and a systematic replenishment of information and knowledge should be presented to middle-aged people. That is, various educational programs such as methods for creating income, financial management, health control, disease prevention, measures for using spare time created from loss of social, familial roles can be developed in gender, age, region, and preference by social welfare institutes or social groups. This would help carry on their own lives independently and actively manage them in the old age. Third, preparation for old life should be studied and developed at a level that predicts and reflects the principle of universality and assortment of service users thoroughly from a future-oriented viewpoint. The post-industrial society 2~30 years from now on is expected to be a super-aged society. An attitude and effort of active preparation by individuals, family, society, and the government are demanded so that the elderly people who would become the mainstream of that era are compensated for their young, middle age lives sufficiently, and that they can lead on their lives being able to accomplish self-coordination. 급변하고 있는 고령화시대에 중년층들이 자신의 노후생활 준비에 대한 인식이 높아짐에 따라 닥쳐올 노년기를 준비하기 위해서 신체적, 정서적, 경제적 준비를 체계적으로 해 나가는 것이 매우 중요한 중년기의 과업이다. 따라서 본 연구는 노년기를 준비해야 하는 중년층을 대상으로 노후준비정도를 파악하고 노후준비에 영향을 미치는 변인들을 규명함으로써 노후준비에 대한 바람직한 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 도농 및 소도시 지역에 거주하고 있는 40세에서 60세 사이의 중년층 480명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지에 의한 자가 보고방식으로 자료를 수집하여 SPSS WIN 12.0을 사용하여 분석한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 중년층의 노후준비에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변수는 노후계획수립의 유무로서 노후계획수립이 된 사람은 신체적, 정서적, 경제적 노후준비를 잘 하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 월수입, 학력, 연금혜택 유무, 시설입소의사 등도 노후준비에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 설명하고 있다. 이는 모두 경제력과 관련된 변수로서 현실적으로 경제적 여유가 있어야만 노후준비를 잘 할 수 있기 때문으로 해석된다. 셋째, 종교의 유무가 정서적 노후준비에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났으며 이는 정서적 안정감이나 사후세계에 대한 믿음이 노년기를 보다 안정적으로 맞이하도록 지지할 것이라는 신념 때문으로 사료된다. 넷째, 성별과 배우자 유무, 연령 등도 노후준비에 영향을 미치는 변수로 나타났는데 여성이 경제적, 정서적 노후준비를 잘 하고 배우자가 있는 자가 총체적으로 노후준비를 잘 하며 연령이 증가할수록 노후 준비를 잘하는 것으로 설명하고 있다. 이 같은 결과는 여성이 남성보다 세심하고 준비성이 강하며 배우자가 있는 경우에도 여성의 준비성 때문으로 보며 연령은 노년기에 가까워져야 노인이라는 인식능력이 높아지기 때문으로 해석된다. 이상과 같은 결과를 토대로 중년층의 노후준비에 대한 방안을 다음과 같이 제언하였다. 첫째, 노후준비는 중년기부터 본격적으로 준비해야 하며 가족이 함께 계획을 수립하고 실행할 수 있는 가족차원의 대책수립이 필요하다. 둘째, 중년기를 대상으로 노후준비를 위한 사회복지적 차원의 프로그램 개발과 필요한 각종 정보 및 지식의 체계적인 보급이 필요하다. 즉 노후준비를 위한 소득창출방법 및 재정관리, 건강관리 및 질병예방, 사회적·가족적 역할상실로 인한 여가활용방안 등과 같은 다양한 교육 프로그램을 성별, 연령별, 지역별, 선호도별로 사회복지기관이나 사회단체에서 개발하여 제공함으로써 노년기에 자신의 삶을 주체적으로 영위하고 적극적으로 대처해 나갈 수 있도록 준비시켜야 할 것이다. 셋째, 노년기 생활에 대한 준비는 미래지향적인 관점에서 서비스 이용자들의 보편성과 선별성의 원칙을 충분히 예측하여 반영하는 수준에서 연구·개발되고 마련되어야 할 것이다. 앞으로 2~30년 후의 후기산업사회는 초고령사회가 예상된다. 그 시대에 사회의 주류를 이룰 노인들의 삶이 청·장·중년기의 삶을 충분히 보상받고 자아통합을 이룰 수 있는 삶을 영위할 수 있도록 개인적, 가족적, 사회적, 국가적 차원에서 적극적으로 준비하는 태도와 노력이 요구되는 시점이다.

노년의 역사

안병직(Byung-Jik Ahn) 한국서양사연구회 2012 서양사연구 Vol.0 No.47

This essay reviews the historical literature of old age in the last three decades from the late 1970s, when historians began to explore history of old age and aging in Europe and America. It focuses on two main research tendencies, i.e. social and cultural historical approach. Social history of old age explores such diverse aspects of the social and family life of the elderly as property ownership and the transmission of household authority, work, disease, poor relief, pensions etc., using a wide range of qualitative and quantitative methods. Cultural history of old age deals with the cultural attitudes and representations of old age and the elderly, whether drawn from classical texts, literature, paintings, films, and expressions of everyday opinion such as popular tales, proverbs, letters, diaries and autobiographies, or at any other source, believing that images of old age shape individual imaginings of the life course, and also individual and collective experience. One of the important results of the historical investigation of old age is the successful challenge against the influential social science and popular assumptions that interpret history of old age, up to the present, as a narrative of relentless decline. Historians have shown that contemporary beliefs in some former ‘golden age’ of old age – in which older people were venerated in their community and cared for by their family – are largely untrue. While historians of old age refute the simple belief in the dramatic decline in status of the elderly through modernization, they highlight the diversity in the lives and experiences of the elderly according to gender, class, region etc. Thus history of old age helps us think in less stereotyped way about the most stereotyped of age groups.

后山 鄭胤永의 연작 八老詩 일고찰

박종훈 온지학회 2020 溫知論叢 Vol.0 No.65

The Song Dynasty's Liu kezhuang has written 10 works on the theme of old age. The work is called ten poems about old age. Under these influences, works on the theme of age were continuously built in Joseon. The rough content is lamentation about old age and skill due to old age. In terms of formality, it followed the basic form of the Liu kezhuang. However, the format and the object were altered by each writer. This was an effort to overcome the negative view of Liu kezhuang. First of all, I have grasped the flow of Joseon. Of course, I think there will be much more works than this. In order to gain access to the rough content, this paper first focused on Jung Yun-young's ‘Eight poems about old age’. Jeong Yun-yeong has composed eight works each for people and trees. In the work aimed at people, the main content is lamentation about old age and praise for old age. Also, through the constant contrast of age and skill, the focus was on skill. In the end, he overcame his old age with his skills and captured the leisurely life of his old age. Eight works on trees are also focused on robustness rather than old age. Praise was given to each subject by actively utilizing various examinations related to each subject. He also expressed his willingness not only to praise the object but to actively accept it in his life. He aimed to bring things together and to design his own life in old age. This paper has considerable limitations in the starting point of full-fledged discussion on Ten poems about old age. I will overcome these limitations one by one through continuous interest. 宋나라 劉克莊은 노년을 주제로 10수의 연작시를 지은 바 있다. 이를 보통 ‘十老詩’라고 한다. 이러한 영향 하에 조선에서도 지속적으로 노년을 주제로 한 연작의 작품이 지어졌다. 그 대략적인 내용은 노년에 대한 탄식과 세월의 흔적으로 인한 노련함과 노건함이다. 형식적인 측면에서는 유극장의 칠언율시라는 기본적인 형식을 그대로 이어받으면서, 형식이나 대상에 대해서는 각 작가의 나름대로의 변주가 일어났다. 결국 내용이나 형식의 변주는 유극장의 작품에 대한 부정적인 시각을 극복하려는 노력의 일환인 셈이다. 노년을 주제로 한 작품군에 접근하기 위해서 우선 조선에서의 흐름을 대략 살펴보았다. 물론 이 보다 훨씬 많은 작품이 있을 것이다. 또한 그 대략적인 내용에 접근하기 위해, 본고에서는 우선 鄭胤永의 八老詩에 초점을 맞추었다. 그는 인물과 나무만을 대상으로 각각 8수의 연작시를 지은 바 있다. 모두 차운한 작품이기에 原韻의 작품도 있을 것이다. 인물을 대상으로 한 작품에서는 노쇠함에 대한 탄식과 노련함에 대한 칭송이 주를 이루었다. 또한 노쇠함과 노련함의 지속적인 대비를 통해, 노련함에 무게감을 두기도 했다. 결국 노련함으로 노쇠함을 이겨냈고 自樂하는 여유로운 노년의 삶이 담겨졌다. 나무만을 대상으로 한 8수의 연작시 역시 늙음보다는 老健함에 초점이 맞춰졌다. 각 대상과 관련된 다양한 고사를 적극 활용하여, 대상에 대한 칭송이 이루어졌다. 대상에 대한 칭송에만 머물지 않고 이를 자신의 삶에 적극 수용하려는 의지도 드러냈다. 물아일체를 지향한 것으로, 이를 통해 노년의 자신의 삶을 설계한 셈이다. 본고는 십로시에 대한 본격적인 논의의 출발점에 있어, 적지 않은 한계를 안고 있다. 지속적인 관심을 통해 이러한 한계를 하나씩 극복해 나가고자 한다.