한국의진균자원센터 (KCMF)의 역할과 운영체계

김영권 대한의진균학회 2008 대한의진균학회지 Vol.13 No.4

In general, fungi including yeast and filamentous form, locate in soil, water, plant, animal and human. Fungi can be survived almost in every environmental conditions and be useful or harmful for humans. Some human pathogenic fungi may infection immunocompromised peoples and/or susceptible hosts causing hypersensitivity disease, mycotoxicoses, which can be induced by mycotoxins, and mycoses. Mycoses are classified into four classes, such as superficial and/or cutaneous mycoses, subcutaneous mycoses, opportunistic mycoses, and systemic or deep seated mycoses. Recently, due to the increasement of immune system defective patients which are usually caused by HIV infection, transplant and cancer, opportunistic systemic fungal infection has been dramatically elevated. Fast diagnose system and early antifungal treatments are required because the morbidity and mortality of these systemic infections are very high. Although these opportunistic infections caused by mainly Candida, Aspergillus and Cryptococcus spp. are getting higher, no culture collection and/or strain bank for the infectious fungal strains are operated in Korea. These situations allows us to establish a novel Korean collection of medical fungi (KCMF) for their genetic materials. KCMF will be a hub for human pathogenic fungal strains isolated in Korea and will serve to studies of clinical and basic mycological research as well as to maintain various mutants and varieties which could be useful for develop new antifungal agents and drug discovery. The successful Korean Collection of Medical Fungi (KCMF) will contribute to; 1. Create informative world-wide culture collection of clinically isolated fungal strains. 2. Obtain various medical mycological materials as well as antifungal agent resistant strains for studying fungi-related topics including novel antifungal agents. 3. Create world-wide network for the researchers who study medical mycology and provide workshop and various information for the fungal community. The purpose of establish a novel Korean collection of medical fungi(KCMF) is to isolate, classify, and collect human pathogenic fungal strains, isolated from human clinical specimens from superficial and systemic infections. Furthermore, maintaining a culture collection for Korean specific clinical isolates and resistant strains of antifungal agents. In general, fungi including yeast and filamentous form, locate in soil, water, plant, animal and human. Fungi can be survived almost in every environmental conditions and be useful or harmful for humans. Some human pathogenic fungi may infection immunocompromised peoples and/or susceptible hosts causing hypersensitivity disease, mycotoxicoses, which can be induced by mycotoxins, and mycoses. Mycoses are classified into four classes, such as superficial and/or cutaneous mycoses, subcutaneous mycoses, opportunistic mycoses, and systemic or deep seated mycoses. Recently, due to the increasement of immune system defective patients which are usually caused by HIV infection, transplant and cancer, opportunistic systemic fungal infection has been dramatically elevated. Fast diagnose system and early antifungal treatments are required because the morbidity and mortality of these systemic infections are very high. Although these opportunistic infections caused by mainly Candida, Aspergillus and Cryptococcus spp. are getting higher, no culture collection and/or strain bank for the infectious fungal strains are operated in Korea. These situations allows us to establish a novel Korean collection of medical fungi (KCMF) for their genetic materials. KCMF will be a hub for human pathogenic fungal strains isolated in Korea and will serve to studies of clinical and basic mycological research as well as to maintain various mutants and varieties which could be useful for develop new antifungal agents and drug discovery. The successful Korean Collection of Medical Fungi (KCMF) will contribute to; 1. Create informative world-wide culture collection of clinically isolated fungal strains. 2. Obtain various medical mycological materials as well as antifungal agent resistant strains for studying fungi-related topics including novel antifungal agents. 3. Create world-wide network for the researchers who study medical mycology and provide workshop and various information for the fungal community. The purpose of establish a novel Korean collection of medical fungi(KCMF) is to isolate, classify, and collect human pathogenic fungal strains, isolated from human clinical specimens from superficial and systemic infections. Furthermore, maintaining a culture collection for Korean specific clinical isolates and resistant strains of antifungal agents.

A clinical and etiological analysis of subcutaneous mycoses

( Sang Youl Yun ),( Moo Kyu Suh ),( Gyoung Yim Ha ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2

Background: There have been many studies about sporotrichosis in Korean dermatological literature. However, a few studies have reported on subcutaneous mycoses except sporotrichosis. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and etiological analysis of subcutaneous mycoses. Methods: In the 20-year-period 1996-2015, we reviewed seventeen patients with subcutaneous mycoses were evaluated in regard to the age, gender, occupation, trauma history and associated diseases. Results: Age distribution was most prevalent in sixties(35.2%). The male to female ratio was 1:1.8. Most patients were agricultural workers(52.8%), although preceding trauma was noted in seven patients(41.2%). The most common skin lesion was erythematous plaque (58.7%), followed by abscess, ulcer, papule and nodule. The most frequently involved area was upper extremities(58.8%), followed by face, lower extremities. Hyalohyphomycosis was the most common infection in 6 cases (35.2%), followed by sporotrichosis 5 cases(29.4%), chromoblastomycosis 4 cases(23.5%), phaeohyphomycosis 2 cases(11.8%). Sporothrix species was most common etiological agent(29.4%), followed by Fonsecaea species(23.5%), Scedosporium species(17.6%), Exophiala species(11.8%), Fusarium species, Paecilomyces species, and Cephalotheca species Conclusion: Because of the increase in subcutaneous mycoses except sporotrichosis, we suggest the need of a careful mycological examination in patients with subcutaneous mycoses.

Epidemiological Characterization of Imported Systemic Mycoses Occurred in Korea

Seung-Hak Cho,유영빈,Je-Seop Park,Keun-Dol Yook,김영권 질병관리본부 2018 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.9 No.5

Objectives Imported systemic mycoses is a severe fungal infection that can cause diseases in healthy people. However, there is a serious lack of epidemiological data about imported systemic mycoses. Therefore, an epidemiological characterization of imported systemic mycoses in Korea was performed. Methods We collected health insurance data between 2008 and 2012 from the Health Insurance Corporation and analyzed the data to determine the prevalence and treatment management of imported systemic mycoses. Results The prevalence of imported systemic mycoses between 2008 and 2012 increased slowly by 0.49/100,000 to 0.53/100,000 persons. The prevalence of coccidioidomycosis increased from 0.28/100,000 in 2008 to 0.36/100,000 persons in 2012. A mean of 229.6 cases occurred each year. Children and the elderly showed higher prevalence than adults in the 20- to 59-year-old age group. The rate of infection according to region ranged from 0.18/100,000 persons in Ulsan, to 0.59/100,000 persons in Gyeonggi. The prevalence in females was higher than that in males. Inpatient treatment was 3.3% (38 cases), with 96.7% treated as outpatients. Hospitalizations cost 272.7 million won and outpatient treatments cost 111.7 million won. The treatment cost for coccidioidomycosis from 2008 to 2012 was 330.9 million won, with personal charges of 79.2 million won and insurance charges of 251.7 million won. Most of the expenses for the coccidioidomycosis treatment were for inpatient treatment. Conclusion The results in this study may be a useful resource for determining the changes in the trend of imported systemic mycoses.

Epidemiological Characterization of Opportunistic Mycoses between the Years 2006 and 2010 in Korea

( Je Seop Park ),( Seung Hak Cho ),( Seung Ki Youn ),( Young Seok Bak ),( Young Bin Yu ),( Young Kwon Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1

In order to perform an epidemiological characterization of opportunistic mycosis infections, we collected health insurance data between the years 2006 and 2010 from the Health Insurance Corporation and analyzed the data to determine the prevalence of opportunistic mycoses and treatment management of opportunistic mycoses. The prevalence within the study increased consecutively by 0.02% to 0.12% every year. The annual prevalence of opportunistic mycoses increased from 2.437% in 2006 to 2.709% in 2010. The average annual prevalence was 2.605%. Candidiasis occurred the most frequently, followed by aspergillosis, zygomycosis, and cryptococcosis. The regions with the highest incidences were the capital areas, Gyeonggi and Seoul. By sex, the prevalence in females (4.851%) was 14 times higher than that in males (0.352%). Interestingly, the adults from the 20- to 49-year-old age group showed higher prevalence than children and the elderly. The average duration of hospitalized treatment was 17.31 days and of outpatient treatment was 2.21 days; 3,577 hundred million won was used in total for medical expenses. This study provides useful data to study trends of opportunistic mycoses.

표재성 및 심재성 진균증의 진단에 있어서 Fungi - FluorR solution 염색의 유용성에 관한 연구

권경술,임채성,장호선,정태안,오창근 ( Kyung Sool Kwon,Chae Sung Yim,Ho Sun Jang,Tae Ahn Chung,Chang Keun Oh ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.5

Background: Mycoses of deep tissues requir e prompt recognition and early institution of treatment. Sometimes, it is quite difficult to find fungal elements in tissue section with special stains and to culture on Sabouraud media. Previously it has been shown that Fungi-Fluor solution (calcofluor white) bind t fungi present in frozen and paraffin tissue sections. Fungi present in such specimens stained with Fungi-Fluor solution have a distinct green-blue fluorescence when examined by fluorescent microscopy. Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of the Fungi-Fluor solution for detecting fungal element in the tissue. Methods : Fungi-Fluor staining was done with a paraffin-embedded tissue section of several superficial and cutaneous deep mycoses. Then we viewed this through a fluorescent microscope with excitation of 250-400 nm and compared these staining results to PAS staining. Results: The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. In the several superficial mycoses such as tinea corporis & tinea capitis, Fungi-Fluor staining method revealed more fungal elements with high sensitivity compared to PAS stain. 2. In the several cutaneous deep mycoses such as sporotrichosis, Fungi-Fluor staining method revealed more fungal elements than PAS stain, and revealed some fungal elements which were not detected by PAS stain. Conclusion : The Fungi- fluor staining solution is a rapid, inexpensive, highly sensitive method to detect fungal element in the tissue. (Korean J Dermatol 1997;35(5): 870-876)

Epidemiological Characterization of Skin Fungal Infections Between the Years 2006 and 2010 in Korea

김상하,조성학,윤승기,박제섭,최종태,백영석,유영빈,김영권 질병관리본부 2015 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.6 No.6

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to build and provide a basic database of skin fungal infections for the effective management of skin fungal infections in the future. Methods: We collected health insurance data between the years 2006 and 2010 from the Health Insurance Corporation (Seoul, Korea) and analyzed the data to determine the prevalence and treatment management of skin fungal infections. Results: Skin fungal infections were divided into two groups: namely dermatophytosis and other superficial mycoses. Dermatophytosis showed a higher prevalence (16,035,399 cases) than the other superficial mycoses (794,847 cases) within the study period. The prevalence rate decreased consecutively by 0.01% to 0.19% every year. The prevalence according to region showed that Jeolla-do had a high prevalence distribution. The prevalences in men and women were similar (7.01% vs. 6.26%). It is interesting to note that adults from the 50-79-year age group showed a higher prevalence than children and young adults. The average convalescence time (days) of dermatophytosis was longer than that of other superficial mycoses. The total medical expenses were also much higher in dermatophytosis than in the other superficial mycoses. Conclusion: This study provides useful data for study trends of skin fungal infections.

Degenerative joint disease with systemic mycoses in a oriental white stork

Lee, Sook-Jin,Han, Je-Ik,Chang, Dong-Woo,Na, Ki-Jeong The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.1

Rehabilitation Research was presented to Veterinary Medical Center of Chungbuk National Universitywith anorexia and lameness for 5 days. Bilateral intertarsal joint swellings were observed in physicalexamination. The radiographic findings indicated degenerative changes of joint cartilage and suroundingbones. In cytologic examination of synovial fluids, mononuclear leukocytic inflammation was identified.on Sabroud dextrose agar. From all of examinations, this patient was diagnosed as a degenerative jointdisease with systemic mycoses.

피부 심재성 진균증의 임상조직병리학적 감별진단

고재경 대한의진균학회 1997 대한의진균학회지 Vol.2 No.2

The awareness of classification and differential diagnosis of deep mycoses, particularly systemic infections due to pathogenic fungal infections, is essential for the early detection and appropriate therapy. These systemic pathogenic fungal infections such as histoplasmosis, African histoplasmosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, are usually endemic in limited areas of continents of America, and Africa. A newly recognized penicilliosis due to Penicillium marneffei, a dimorphic fungus, used to be endemic in Southeast Asia, is now world-wide new threat because the increased numbers of cases have been reported in Australia, France, Italy, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and the United States. Because of the increased international vistiors to the endemic areas and significant enlargement of the populations existing in immunocompromized state, thus susceptible to systemic mycoses, we, the primary care physicians should be on the alert for the clinicopathologic aspects of the systemic mycoses to make a diagnosis early enough to institute effective therapy.

[P277] Superficial mycoses caused by Cladophialophora boppii

( Myeong Hyeon Yang ),( Ji Yun Jang ),( Joon Hee Kim ),( Hyun Hwangbo ),( Min Soo Jang ),( Kee Suck Suh ),( Young Kwon Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.1

Cladophialophora boppii is black yeast-like fungus that is not commonly encountered in human infections. However, in recent years, dematiaceous molds have been described as significant human pathogens, causing an extended range of diseases, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. There have been few reports of subcutaneous and deep-seated infections of C. boppii, but its superficial infection has not yet been reported. A 59-year-old woman presented with asymptomatic blackish pigmented macules on the both toe webs that had developed 2 years ago. KOH microscopy showed branched chains of elongated oval conida extending from hyphae. Macroscopic view of colony isolated from skin lesions after culture on Sabouraud agar for 2 weeks showed olivaceous to blackish colony with velvety texture. The histologic findings showed hyphae and spores on the cornified layer of the epidermis with Periodic acid Schiff staining. Also, increased melanin in epidermis and dermis was stained positively with the Fontana-Masson staining. The sequence of ITS-1 regions amplified by PCR was found to be identical to that of C. boppii and the diagnosis of superficial mycoses caused by C. boppii was made. The patient was treated with terbinafine 250 mg/day for 4 weeks and the skin lesion was partially improved. Herein, we report the first case of a superficial mycoses caused by the black yeast-like fungus, C. boppii in an woman without evidence of immunodeficiency.

Medical Mycology in the Orient:Where Are We Going?

Glenn.S.Bulmer 대한의진균학회 2000 대한의진균학회지 Vol.5 No.4

Medical mycology has gone through five distinct eras: 1) Fungi causing dermatophytones, 2) Discovery of rare and fatal systemic mycoses, 3) Realization that fungi cause common and subclinical diseases, 4) AIDS and the era of the compromised host, 5) Broad-spectrum antifungals with few side effects. I think that most would agree that the developed countries are in stages 4 & 5. But which one of these eras are we in now in the Orient? From my 35 years experience of working and living here I believe we still live in all of these eras. In developing countries we have a few very advanced medical centers that are on the cutting edge of technology. But, what about the rural and poorer sections of our countries? The places where modern medicine is not available at a price our citizens can afford. Are we by passing these areas in our excitement to join the biotechnology race in the world? I know that in many places this is true. National pride can cover national shame. For the remaining time I will discuss some of the diseases that we should be looking at from a different perspective. What is needed in these areas of our countries? How can we approach these problems so that all our citizens gain from our advanced technology? How can we use the modem high technology advances in medicine to the best advantage of all our people? It is very difficult to know where we are going until we know from where we came. [Kor J Med Mycol 5(4): 153-159]