운동부하가 움직염-호흡 결합에 미치는 영향

남궁영,박은영,박호준 한국전문물리치료학회 1998 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.5 No.3

The nature of entrainment between the locomotor and the respiratory rhythm wasinvestigated while normal human subjects were walked or running on a treadmill. Thepurpose of this study was to analyze the incidence and type of coordination between thelocomotor and the respiratory rhythm during running at different work load. Theexperiments were carried out on 12 untrained volunteers exercising at 3 work loads (2METs, 3 METs, 4 METs in randomized order). The gait cycle was measured byelectromyography CEMG) signal of gastrocnemius firing and the respiratory cycle wasmeasured by a thermometer. We found that the ratio between the locomotor and therespiratory rhythm existed and 2:1 ratio between the locomotor-respiratory coupling wasdominant at 2 METs and 3 METs.

Anti-stress Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Pediococcus pentosaseus, Bifidobacterium longum SPM1205)

장석,이도경,양환진,안향미,백은혜,김미진,이강오,정명준,김진응,하남주 환경독성보건학회 2010 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.25 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 유산균(LAB)의 항스트레스 효과를 알아보기 위함이다. 본 실험에서는 ICR 마우스에게 구속 스트레스를 가하면서 혼합유산균과 홍삼추출물을 경구투여 하였다. 5일간 Normal 그룹을 제외한 saline (control), LAB100, LAB200, RGE200에게 구속 스트레스를 주었다. 구속 스트레스를 가한 후에 ICR 마우스에게 kg당 100 mg (3.0×1011 CFU/g) 또는 200 mg (3.0×1011 CFU/g)의 혼합유산균(Lactobacillus acidophilus, Pediococcus pentosaseus, Bifidobacterium longum SPM1205)을 투여하였으며 대조물질로는 홍삼 추출물(Red ginseng extract) 200 mg (홍삼추출물)/kg (마우스)을 투여하였다. 마지막 실험일에는 locomotor와 elevated plus-maze 실험을 통하여 마우스의 행동변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 혼합유산균을 투여한 그룹에서는 스트레스를 일부 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 특히 Elevated plus-maze 실험에서, 스트레스를 받은 마우스는 open zone에서보다 closed zone에서 더욱 많은 시간을 보냈다. 그렇지만 혼합유산균을 투여한 그룹에서는 open zone에서 더욱 오래 시간을 보냈으며 그 시간은 saline과 RGE200 그룹에 비해서도 길었다. 그것은 또한 아무것도 처리하지 않은 Normal 그룹과도 비슷한 결과이다. 그리고 마우스의 분변에 서 유산균수를 측정하였는데 스트레스를 가하고 혼합유산균은 투여하지 않은 saline 그룹에서는 유산균수가 감소했지만 혼합유산균을 투여한 LAB100, LAB200 그룹에서는 유산균수가 증가하였다.

Anti-stress Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Pediococcus pentosaseus, Bifidobacterium longum SPM1205)

Seok Jang(장석),Do Kyung Lee(이도경),Hwan jin Yang(양환진),Hyang Mi An(안향미),Eun Hye Baek(백은혜),Mi Jin Kim(김미진),Kang Oh Lee(이강오),Myung Jun Chung(정명준),Jin Eung Kim(김진응),Nam Joo Ha(하남주) 환경독성보건학회 2010 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.25 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 유산균(LAB)의 항스트레스 효과를 알아보기 위함이다. 본 실험에서는 ICR 마우스에게 구속 스트레스를 가하면서 혼합유산균과 홍삼추출물을 경구투여 하였다. 5일간 Normal 그룹을 제외한 saline (control), LAB100, LAB200, RGE200에게 구속 스트레스를 주었다. 구속 스트레스를 가한 후에 ICR 마우스에게 ㎏당 100 ㎎ (3.0 × 10¹¹ CFU/g) 또는 200 ㎎ (3.0 × 10¹¹ CPU/g)의 혼합유산균(Lactobacillus acidophilus, Pediococcus pentosaseus, Bifidobacterium longum SPM1205)을 투여하였으며 대조물질로는 홍삼 추출물(Red ginseng extract) 200 ㎎ (홍삼추출물)/㎏ (마우스)을 투여하였다. 마지막 실험일에는 locomotor와 elevated plus-maze 실험을 통하여 마우스의 행동변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 혼합유산균을 투여한 그룹에서는 스트레스를 일부 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 특히 Elevated plus-maze 실험에서, 스트레스를 받은 마우스는 open zone에서보다 closed zone에서 더욱 많은 시간을 보냈다. 그렇지만 혼합유산균을 투여한 그룹에서는 open zone에서 더욱 오래 시간을 보냈으며 그 시간은 saline과 RGE200그룹에 비해서도 길었다. 그것은 또한 아무것도 처리하지 않은 Normal 그룹과도 비슷한 결과이다. 그리고 마우스의 분변에서 유산균수를 측정하였는데 스트레스를 가하고 혼합유산균은 투여하지 않은 saline 그룹에서는 유산균수가 감소했지만 혼합유산균을 투여한 LAB100, LAB200 그룹에서는 유산균수가 증가하였다.

협응이동훈련을 위한 PNF 패턴의 결합

임재헌,이문규,김태윤,고효은,Lim, Jae-Heon,Lee, Moon-Kyu,Kim, Tae-Yoon,Ko, Hyo-Eun 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2013 PNF and Movement Vol.11 No.1

Purpose : To identify importance of coordinative locomotor training, we reviewed the coordinative locomotor training using sprinter & skater with respect to motor control theory. Methods : We reviewed literatures related with sprinter & skater and coordination.. Results : The coordinative locomotor training is useful tool to improve interlimb coordination. A problem of interlimb coordination ability is to minimize the degree of freedoms during walking and to solve with context-condition variability and how to make a interlimb coordinative structures. A way of solving method is coordinative locomotor training using sprinter & skater in PNF. The coordinative locomotor training set to fit the gait steps can be applied with gait tasks and can be extended by applying the irradiation of the PNF. Conclusion : The coordinative locomotor training using sprinter & skater in PNF is a useful way method to improve interlimb coordination during walking.

Reliability and validity of free software for the analysis of locomotor activity in mice

( Yoo Rha Hong ),( Eunsoo Moon ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2018 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.35 No.1

Background: Kinovea software that tracking semi-automatically the motion in video screen has been used to study motion-related tasks in several studies. However, the validation of this software in open field test to assess locomotor activity have not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of this software in analyzing locomotor activities. Methods: Thirty male Institute Cancer Research mice were subjected in this study. The results examined by this software and the classical method were compared. Test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The validity of this software was analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: This software showed good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.997, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.975- 0.994, p<0.001). This software also showed good inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.987, 95% CI=0.973-0.994, p<0.001). Furthermore, in three analyses for the validity of this software, there were significant correlations between two methods (Pearson's correlation coefficient=0.928-0.972, p<0.001). In addition, this software showed good reliability and validity in the analysis locomotor activity according to time interval. Conclusion: This study showed that this software in analyzing drug-induced locomotor activity has good reliability and validity. This software can be effectively used in animal study using the analysis of locomotor activity.

협응이동훈련이 경도인지장애노인의 낙상물리요인에 미치는 영향

박미희 ( Mihee Park ),이동우 ( Dong-woo Lee ),정모범 ( Mo-beom Jeong ) 대한물리의학회 2020 대한물리의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of coordinative locomotor training on the physical factors for falls in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. METHODS: This study examined thirty subjects diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment by the radiologic findings, history, and physical examination. The subjects were assigned to a control group (n = 15) or experimental group (n = 15, coordinative locomotor training). The experimental group underwent coordinative locomotor training for four weeks, with training sessions two times per week. The control group was given a fall-prevention education for 60 minutes without coordinative locomotor training. To evaluate the physical factors for falls, the lower extremity strength and the Korean version of the Fullerton advanced balance scale and biorescue were measured for balance. These tests were conducted before and after training. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the two groups after the four weeks of coordinative locomotor training for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment the experimental group had a greater degree of improvement in the physical factors for falls. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that coordinative locomotor training may have a functional effect on fallprevention and the mobility of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. In addition, it is expected to provide systematic and effective data that can be used as a fall prevention program for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in each institution.

스포츠심리학 : 이동운동 발달의 위계적 구조모형 분석

유진(JinYoo),박대근(DaeKeunPark) 한국체육학회 2005 한국체육학회지 Vol.44 No.6

이동운동의 위계적 구조모형은 협응력, 균형성, 힘의 통합적 운동능력이 달리기, 말뛰기, 스키핑의 발달에 전반적인 영향을 미치는 기초적 역할을 하며, 달리기는 말뛰기와 스키핑의 발달을 동시에 결정하는 이동운동의 중추적 요소라는 사실을 제시해 준다. 나아가, 말뛰기는 미약하나마 스키핑의 발달을 예측하는 인접 요소로 간주된다. 그러나 이러한 위계적 구조모형의 적합성은 연령에 따라 차이가 있을 가능성이 높다. 어린 아동과 나이가 든 아동들을 분리하여 시행된 SEM 분석 결과는 수정된 모형이 어린 아동들(만3~5세)에 더욱 적합하다는 사실을 보여주고 있다. 이동운동 발달의 정체기에 있는 아동들 보다 이동운동 기능이 급속히 향상되는 어린 아동들에게 수정된 구조모형은 더욱 적합하게 반영된다는 것이다. 따라서 성숙의 수준에 도달한 만6~7세의 아동들에게 적합한 운동발달의 위계적 모형이 미래 연구에 다시 구축될 필요가 있다. 운동발달 및 체육교육 연구자들의 가장 중요한 관심은 아동들에게 기본운동 기능을 발달시킬 수 있는 충분한 기회와 교과과정을 제공하는데 있다(김선진, 2003; 박대근, 2000; Burton & Miller, 1998; O'Cornner, 2000). 이러한 관심의 기저에는 기본 운동기능이 다양한 스포츠 기능의 발달에 중요한 역할을 한다는 위계적 운동발달의 원리가 자리를 잡고 있다. 본 연구는 위계적 운동발달 모형을 실증적으로 검증하기 위하여 시도 되었다. 그러나 아동들의 연속적이고 위계적인 운동발달의 구조는 그리 단순해 보이지 않는다. 아동들의 운동발달은 연령에 따라 다양하고 특수한 수많은 운동요소들의 호혜적이고 위계적인 연관관계 속에서 이루지고 있다는 것이다. 차후 연구에서는 다른 이동운동과제를 대상으로 모형의 타당성을 검증하거나 본 연구에서 제시한 수정된 모형의 검증에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 나아가 미래 연구는 초보운동과 기본운동 그리고 전문운동의 단계에서 발생하는 이동, 조작, 안정성 운동을 모두 포함하는 통합적 모형을 구축하고, 질과 양적 분석을 혼합하여 운동발달의 전반적 경향을 이해하는 방향으로 전개될 필요성이 있다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the developmental patterns and hierarchical structure model of children's locomotor skills. On the basis of motor development literature, it was hypothesized that mature development of skip would be dependent upon advanced locomotor skills in running, jumping, hopping, and galloping. Furthermore, bilateral coordination, strength, and dynamic balance would be related to the development of children's locomotor skills. A total of 393 male and female children age-ranged three to seven-year-old were selected from the nursery schools, kindergartens, and elementary schools in metropolitan areas. The Test of Gross Motor Development-I and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency were used to measure the selected physical abilities and locomotor skills for children. The result of a MANOVA and the follow-up univariate test indicated that most locomotor skills significantly developed from age three to five, except for skipping skills. The structural equation modeling revealed inadequate fit of the initial hierarchical model to the data. The modified model was reestablished by generating a latent variable and removing two locomotor skills(jump and hop). The skipping skill was significantly explained by three physical abilities, and running was significant predictors of both galloping and skipping skills. Galloping tended to contribute to determine the skipping skill. The modified hierarchical model provided a better fit to the sample data for age 3-5 children than for age 6-7 children. These results were discussed within theoretical frameworks, and future studies were suggested.

지속적인 건강걷기운동 프로그램이 청각장애 아동의 이동운동기능에 미치는 영향

이현수(Hyun Su Lee),박수경(Soo Gyoung Park),오광진(Kwang Jin Oh) 한국사회체육학회 2010 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.42

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of continued walking exercise program on locomotor skills of children with hearing impairment. The subject were 22 children (experimental group: 11, control group: 11) with hearing impairment. To find out any changes of their locomotor skills, the walking exercise program was executed to the exercise group 5 times a week, for forty minutes per or a day over eighteen weeks. Before appling this program, was measured the locomotor skills for each group. After nine weeks and eighteen weeks their abilities were remeasured using the sam method as before. The locomotor skills were tested using the TGMD-Ⅱ which is developed by Ulrich(2000) and were evaluated by recording video throughout Inter-rater agreement. The collected data was analyzed using repeated measured 2-way ANOVA which had been on SPSS-WIN 12.0 program. Result of the study were described as follows: First, 18 weeks walking exercise program could improve locomotor skills in children with hearing impairment. Second, it showed significant difference in run, gallop, horizontal jump, slide (from 9 week, p<.001), hop, leap (from 18 week, p<.001) of locomotor skills. This result showed that continued walking exercise is positive effect for improving locomotor skills of children with hearing impairment. It`s required that we should develop and educate continued walking exercise program.

자연과학편 : 신체활동 프로그램이 중등도 정신지체아동의 신체이동기능에 미치는 영향

김도호(DoHoKim),황영성(YoungSeongHwang),박재성(JaeSungPark),이현수(HyunSuLee) 한국체육학회 2007 한국체육학회지 Vol.46 No.4

본 연구는 신체활동 프로그램이 중등도 정신지체아동의 신체이동기능에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 알아보기 위하여 실험군 12명, 통제군 12명 총 24명을 대상으로 수행 하였다. 신체활동 프로그램은 20주간 주3회씩, 회당 40분간 총 60회를 실시하였다. 실험 측정은 TGMD-2를 이용하여 사전, 중간(10주), 사후(20주)에 걸쳐 달리기, 겔롭, 홉, 립, 제자리멀리뛰기, 슬라이드에 대한 기록을 측정하였으며 자료 분석은 SPSS 14.0 프로그램을 이용하여 repeated measured 2-way ANOVA로 분석하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 20주간의 신체활동 프로그램은 중등도 정신지체 아동의 신체이동능력 향상에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 측정시기별 집단 간 비교결과 달리기는 20주(p<.001), 겔롭(p<.001), 홉(p<.01), 립(p<.01), 제자리멀리뛰기(p<.05), 슬라이드(p<.01)는 10주부터 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physical activity program on locomotor skills of children with moderate mental retardation. The subject were 24 children with moderate mental retardation. The 24 children were divided into two groups. One group of 12 were in an experimental group and the remaining 12 in a control group. To find out any changes of their locomotor skills, the physical activity program was executed to the exercise group three times a week, for forty minutes a day over twenty weeks. Before appling this program, was measured the locomotor skills for each group. After ten weeks and twenty weeks their abilities were remeasured using the same method as before. The locomotor skills were tested using the TGMD-2. The collected date was analyzed using repeated measured 2-way ANOVA which had been on SPSS-WIN 14.0 program. Results of the study were described as follows: First, 20 weeks physical activity program could improve locomotor skills in children with moderate mental retardation. Second, it showed significant difference in run(20 week, p<.001), gallop(from 10 week, p<.001), hop(from 10 week, p<.01), leap(from 10 week, p<.01), horizontal jump(from 10 week, p<.05), slide(from 10 week, p<.01) of locomotor skills.

ANALYSIS OF TEACHER NEEDS TO OVERCOME BARRIERS LOCOMOTOR BASE MOTION FOR CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION IN INCLUSIVE SCHOOL

( Nur Laily Irmawati ),( Abdul Salim ),( Dwi Aries Himawanto ) 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2018 Asia-Pacific Journal of Intellectual Disabilities Vol.5 No.1

The problem in this research is what teachers need to overcome basic locomotor barriers for children with mental retardation in inclusive schools. This study aims to find out what teachers need to overcome the barriers of locomotor movement in children with mental retardation in inclusive schools. The study was conducted on four sports teachers in three inclusive schools in Surakarta, Indonesia. Data collection techniques were interviews of four sports teachers in inclusive schools, observations made during sports lessons and documentation. Data analysis techniques used descriptive qualitative using Miles and Huberman model analysis. Based on the results of the research can be seen that children with mental retardation in inclusive schools that have barriers in doing locomotor motion walking, waking and jumping, sports teachers in inclusion schools using media and games in every learning but the media and games can only be used by students common and can not be used to overcome basic locomotor motion barriers in children with mental retardation. it can be concluded that sports teachers in inclusive schools state that they need media and games that can be used to overcome basic locomotor barriers to the children with mental retardation in inclusion schools.