공간분포모델을 활용한 사료작물 이탈리안 라이그라스 (Lolium multiflorum L.)의 재배적지 변동예측연구

김현애 ( Hyun Ae Kim ),현신우 ( Shinwoo Hyun ),김광수 ( Kwang Soo Kim ) 한국농림기상학회 2014 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Under climate change, it is likely that the suitable area for forage crop cultivation would change in Korea. The potential cultivation areas for italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), which has been considered one of an important forage crop in Korea, were identified using the EcoCrop model. To minimize the uncertainty associated with future projection under climate change, an ensemble approach was attempted using five climate change scenarios as inputs to the EcoCrop model. Our results indicated that most districts had relatively high suitability, e.g., >80, for italian ryegrass in South Korea. Still, suitability of the crop was considerably low in mountainous areas because it was assumed that a given variety of italian ryegrass had limited cold tolerance. It was predicted that suitability of italian ryegrass would increase until 2050s but decrease in 2080s in a relatively large number of regions due to high temperature. In North Korea, suitability of italian ryegrass was considerably low, e.g., 28 on average. Under climate change, however, it was projected that suitability of italian ryegrass would increase until 2080s. For example, suitability of italian ryegrass was more than 80 in 10 districts out of 14 by 2080s. Because cold tolerance of italian ryegrass varieties has been improved, it would be preferable to optimize parameters of the EcoCrop model for those varieties. In addition, it would be possible to grow italian ryegrass as the second crop following rice in Korea in the future. Thus, it merits further study to identify suitable areas for italian ryegrass cultivation after rice using new varieties of italian ryegrass.

Effect of Rice Harvest Time on Growth Characteristics and Forage Productivity of Paddy Field Sown Italian Ryegrass Very Early Maturing Variety Early Maturing Variety ‘Greenfarm’ in Middle Region of Korea

Ki-Yong Kim,Yo-Soon Jang,Tae-Young Hwang 한국국제농업개발학회 2021 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.33 No.4

본 연구는 이탈리안 라이그라스를 벼 입모중 파종 후 벼 수확시기에 따른 이탈리안 라이그라스 극조생종 품종 ‘그린팜’ 의 생육특성 및 생산성을 평가하기 위해 중부지역에 위치한 천안에서 2011–2012, 2012–2013 및 2013–2014까지 3년간 수행하였다. 1. 국내육성 이탈리안 라이그라스 극조생종 ‘그린팜’을 3년 간 9월 하순에 파종 후 10일(처리 1), 20일(처리2) 및 30일(처리 3) 간격으로 3회에 나누어 벼를 수확해서 재배하였을 때, 벼 수확시기가 늦어질수록 월동 전 분얼수, 초장, 월동율 및 건물수량은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 월동 전 분얼수는 처리 1에 비해 처리 2 및 3의 평균이 각각 32% 및 52% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 벼 수확 지연에 따른 월동율의 경우 처리 1에 비해 처리 2 및 3은 두 처리구 모두 평균 8% 감소하였으며, 건물수량은 각각 평균 32% 및 52% 감소하였다. 4. 벼 입모중 이탈리안 라이그라스 파종 재배시험에서 출수기는 매년 다르게 나타났으며, 봄철 이탈리안 라이그라스 수확 시 초장의 차이는 유의성이 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5. 논에서 입모중 파종으로 극종생 이탈리안 라이그라스 품종 그린팜을 재배할 때는 파종 후 가능한 한 빨리 벼를 수확하여 생산성을 높이는 것이 방법임을 시사한다. This study evaluated the growth characteristics and forage productivity of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in response to different rice harvest times after sowing the Italian ryegrass into stands of growing rice. The study was conducted over three consecutive years in Cheonan, located in central Korea. The extremely early maturing variety ‘Greenfarm’, was sown into an experimental paddy field in late September, before the rice harvest. The rice was harvested 10 (treatment 1), 20 (treatment 2), and 30 days (treatment 3) after sowing of the Italian ryegrass. The delay led to reduced number of tillers and plant length before winter, the winter survival rate, and the dry matter yield of the ‘Greenfarm’ plants. The pre-winter tiller number decreased by 32% and 52% in treatments 2 and 3, respectively, compared to treatment 1. The delay also reduced the winter survival rate by 8% (treatments 2 and 3), and the dry matter yield by 6% (treatment 2) and 7% (treatment 3). The Italian ryegrass heading date was different across the three years, but same for all three treatments in each year. There was little difference in the plant length at the time of the Italian ryegrass harvest in spring. These study findings suggest that when cultivating Italian ryegrass ‘Greenfarm’ by sowing it into stands of growing rice in paddy fields, the rice should be harvested as soon as possible after sowing to increase the forage productivity of this variety.

중부지역 논에서 이탈리안 라이그라스와 하계 사료작물을 연계한 작부체계 연구

오미래,최보람,이세영,정종성,박형수,이배훈,김기용,Oh, Mirae,Choi, Bo Ram,Lee, Se Young,Jung, Jeong Sung,Park, Hyung Soo,Lee, Bae Hun,Kim, Ki-Yong 한국초지조사료학회 2021 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.41 No.2

본 시험은 중부지역 논에서 동계 사료작물인 이탈리안 라이그라스와 하계 사료작물을 연계하여 연간 생산성 및 사료가치를 비교하기 위하여 수행하였다. 동계 사료작물인 이탈리안 라이그라스는 코윈어리 품종을 사용하였고, 하계 사료작물로 사료용 벼(영우)와 사료용 피(제주)를 이용하였다. 각각의 작물은 표준재배법을 이용하여 재배하였다. 이탈리안 라이그라스의 평균 초장은 90.6 cm, DM 수량은 7,681 kg/ha, CP 함량은 9.2%, TDN 함량은 63.8%였고, 하계 사료작물에 따른 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 하계 사료작물의 초장은 사료용 피가 사료용 벼 보다 높았고, 유의성이 인정되었다. 하계 사료작물의 DM, CP 그리고 TDN 수량은 사료용 벼가 사료용 피 보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 하계 사료작물의 사료가치 또한 사료용 벼가 사료용 피보다 높게 평가되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 중부지역 논에서 사료작물 이모작 재배 시 동계 사료작물인 이탈리안 라이그라스와 연계한 하계 사료작물로써 수량성과 사료가치가 높았던 사료용 벼가 활용성이 높을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 노동력 절감 및 안전성 재배 측면에서 볼 때 사료용 피도 활용 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study was evaluated to compare annual productivity and feed value of Italian ryegrass and summer forage crops at paddy field in middle region of Korea. Italian ryegrass (Kowinearly) was used as winter forage crop, and forage rice (Youngwoo) and barnyard millet (Jeju) were used as summer forage crops. Each crop was cultivated using the standard forage cultivation method. The plant height, dry matter yield, crude protein content, and total digestible nutrient content of Italian ryegrass were 90.6 cm, 7,681 kg/ha, 9.2%, and 63.8%, respectively, and it was no significant difference by summer forage crops (p>0.05). The plant height of summer forage crops was the higher in barnyard millet than in forage rice (p<0.05). The dry matter, crude protein, and total digestible nutrient yields of summer forage crops were the higher in forage rice than in barnyard millet (p<0.05). Also, the feed value of summer forage crops was higher in forage rice than in barnyard millet. In conclusion, the combination of Italian ryegrass-forage rice was the most effective cropping system for annual forage production with high-yield and high-feed value, and it was considered the combination of Italian ryegrass-barnyard millet was good cropping system for annual forage production through reducing labor and cultivating stable at paddy field in middle region of Korea.

이탈리안 라이그라스 재배지에서 제초제 사용에 의한 광대나물 방제

김기용(Ki-Yong Kim),최기준(Gi Jun Choi),이상훈(Sang-Hoon Lee),이기원(Ki-Won Lee),김원호(Won Ho Kim),정민웅(Min Woong Jung),서성(Sung Seo),김맹중(Meing Jooung Kim),지희정 (Hee Chung Ji) 한국초지조사료학회 2011 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.31 No.4

This experiment was carried out to find effective weed control method of henbit deadnettle (Lamium amplexicaule L.) on cultivating field of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) using herbicide in Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan from 2008 to 2009. When Onehof was treated two times of spray, weed control ratio was most high as 90%, but this method can not be used because of much damage to Italian ryegrass. When MCPP was treated two times of spray, weed control ratio was high as 82%, and damage to Italian ryegrass was very insignificant. Especially, when the spray of MCPP was treated two times, dry matter yield of Italian ryegrass was 11, 427 kg/ha, but that of non treatment was 1, 668 kg/ha. That is to say, forage harvest was impossible in non treatment field. According to these results, to control henbit deadnettle on cultivating field of Italian ryegrass using herbicide, you need to treat with two times of spray of MCPP in mid-March. If you do, you can get regular harvest as much as 11, 427 kg/ha. 본 논문은 국내육성 IRG 신품종 "코윈어리" 재배지에서 광대나물의 방제법을 구명하기 위해 농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 초지사료과에서 2008년부터 2009년까지 2년간 연구한 결과이다. 잡초 억제율은 원호프 2회 처리구에서 90%로 가장 높았으나, IRG 피해도 커서 사용할 수 없으며, 그 다음으로 MCPP 2회 처리구에서는 잡초 억제율이 82%로 방제효과가 높고 IRG 피해도 적으며 잡초방제 효과가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 광대나물 방제를 위해 MCPP를 10일 간격으로 2회 살포한 경우, 건물생산량은 ha당 11, 427 kg으로서 무처리구의 1, 668 kg에 비해 698% 증가하였다. 다시 말해서 MCPP를 처리하지 않으면 조사료 수확이 불가능하였다. 이상의 결과에서 이탈리안 라이그라스 재배포장에서 월년생 잡초 광대나물을 방제하려면 3월 중순에 MCPP를 10일 간격으로 2회 살포하면 되며, 조사료 생산량도 ha당 11, 427 kg으로서 정상적인 수량을 얻을 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

돈분액비와 인산시용이 이탈리안 라이그라스의 건물수량 및 질소와 인 흡수에 미치는 영향

김문철,최대진,송상택 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.6

본 시험은 1998년 9월부터 1999년 7월까지 제주대학교 동물사육장 내에 있는 시험 사료작물포장에서 인산비료(0, 150㎏/ha, 300 ㎏/ha)와 돈분액비(0, 70톤/ha, 140톤/ha)의 시용 수준을 달리하여 월동 이탈리안 라이그라스의 생산성 및 목초의 질소와 인산흡수량을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 이탈리안 라이그라스의 건물수량은 인산 시용수준 0, 150 및 300㎏/ha에서 각각 9,933, 10,282 및 10,839㎏/ha였으나 처리간 유의적 차이를 얻지 못하였다. 그러나 돈분액비의 시비수준 0, 70 및 140톤/ha에서 각각 7,766, 11,321 및 11,966㎏/ha의 건물수량을 얻어 통계적으로 유의적 증가를 보였다(P<0.05). 잡초율은 파종 후 시간이 경과함에 따라서 감소하였고 마지막 수확시기인 5월 29일에 인산이나 돈분액비 사용량 증가로 감소하는 추세였다. 인산 시용수준 증가로 목초의 전체 평균 인산 흡수량은 증가되었으며 돈분액비 시용수준 증가로 목초의 질소 및 인산 흡수량이 유의적 증가를 보였다.(P<0.05). 결론적으로 본 시험에서 월동 이탈리안 라이그라스에 대한 인산 시용효과는 분명치 않았으나 돈분액비 70톤/ha이상 시용 때 목초생산 및 양분흡수 효과를 높였다. A trial was carried out to investigate the effect of swine liquid manure(SLM; 0, 70, and 140 ton/ha) and phosphorus fertilizer(0, 150, and 300 ㎏/ha) on herbage production, and N and P uptake during the period from September, 1998 to July, 1999. Dry matter yield of Italian ryegrass increased significantly with the increase of swine liquid application level of 0, 70, and 140 ton/ha, showing 7,766, 11,321 and 11,966 ㎏/ha, respectively(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference among 3 levels of phosphorus fertilizer, 0, 150 and 300㎏/ha, with dry matter yield of 9,933, 10,282 and 10,839 ㎏/ha. Weed percentages tended to decrease with the increase of phosphorus fertilizer and swine liquid manure application level on the last harvest dated on 29 May. The increase of phosphorus fertilizer application resulted in increases of mean P uptake of Italian ryegrass harvested at 3 different dates, while the increase of pig manure application showed a significant increase in N and P uptakes of Italian ryegrass. In this experiment, we did not find the effect of phosphorus fertilizer application, but 70 ton /ha or more application of swine liquid manure on Italian ryegrass gave good responses on the pasture production and nutrient uptake.

남부지역 논의 사료작물-벼 이모작 작부체계에 적합한 벼 품종의 선발

오서영,오성환,서종호,최지수,Oh, Seo Young,Oh, Seong Hwan,Seo, Jong Ho,Choi, Jisu 한국환경과학회 2022 한국환경과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

To identify rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars suitable for Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)-rice double cropping systems, we investigated the yield and grain quality of four different midseason maturing rice cultivars ('Daebo', 'Haepum', 'Haiami', and 'Samdeog') and four midseason-to-late maturing rice cultivars ('Hyunpoom', 'Saeilmi', 'Saenuri', and 'Samkwang') in single rice cropping and Italian ryegrass-rice double cropping systems in paddy fields of Miryang, South Korea. We found that organic matter and available P₂O₅ content slightly decreased, whereas Na content increased, in the soil where Italian ryegrass was cultivated during winter compared to that in the soil that remained fallow during winter. The pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, and contents of K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Na⁺ decreased, whereas the available P₂O₅ content slightly increased, in the soil where rice was harvested in both single and double cropping systems. However, compared to the optimum soil conditions for rice cultivation, available P₂O₅ and K⁺ content were high and Mg²⁺ content was low in both single and double cropping systems. At the heading stage, the culm length and leaf color slightly increased in most of the rice cultivars, whereas the panicle length and number slightly decreased, in the double cropped system. After harvesting, spikelet number and milled rice yield did not show a significant difference between single and double cropping systems. However, the ripened grain rate and weight per thousand grains increased slightly in the 'Saeilmi' and 'Samkwang' cultivars but remained either stable or slightly low in other cultivars in the double cropping system. The milled rice yield was high (> 500 kg/10a) in 'Daebo' and 'Haepum' among midseason maturing rice cultivars, and in 'Saeilmi' and 'Saenuri' among midseason-to-late maturing rice cultivars, in both single and double cropping systems. The head rice rate was high in midseason maturing rice cultivars in the double cropping systems, reaching > 70% in 'Haepum' and 'Haiami' cultivars, whereas it decreased in most midseason-to-late maturing rice cultivars (excluding 'Samkwang' cultivar), in double cropping systems. Particularly, it exceeded > 70% in the 'Saenuri' cultivar in both single and double cropping systems. The protein content in milled rice increased, whereas the amylose content either remained stable or slightly increased, in double cropping systems. The Toyo taste value decreased in all midseason-to-late maturing rice cultivars and slightly increased in the 'Daebo' and 'Haiami' cultivars among midseason maturing rice cultivars in double cropping systems. However, Toyo taste values in the 'Haepum', 'Haiami', and 'Saenuri' cultivars exceeding > 80% in both single and double cropping systems. Therefore, we recommend 'Haepum', 'Haiami', and 'Saenuri' cultivars as candidates for Italian ryegrass-rice double cropping systems due to high yield, head rice rate, and Toyo taste value.

국내육성 및 외국도입 이탈리안 라이그라스 품종의 생육특성 및 사초 생산성 평가

고기환,김종관,김종덕,Ko, Ki Hwan,Kim, Jong Kwan,Kim, Jong Duk 한국초지조사료학회 2015 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.35 No.4

본 시험은 2013년부터 2014년까지 전국 3개 지역 (전남 구례, 경북 상주 및 충남 천안)에서 이탈리안 라이그라스 품종의 생육특성과 사초생산성을 평가하였다. 시험설계는 품종을 처리로 하여 7개 품종을 3반복의 난괴법 배치로 하였다. 품종은 '코윈어리', '플로리다 80', '연봉1호', '연봉2호', '연봉3호', '계명1호', 및 '계명2호' 공시하였다. 이탈리안 라이그라스의 파종의 경우 전남 구례는 2013년 10월 4일, 경북 상주는 10월 8일, 충남 천안은 10월 3일 파종하였다. 한편 수확시기는 품종의 평균 출수기로 전남 구례와 경북 상주는 2014년 4월 26일에 수확하였으며, 충남 천안은 4월 24일에 수확하였다. 공시한 7품종은 내병성, 내충성 및 내한성은 품종간에 차이가 없었으나 내도복성은 공시품 종 모두 약하였다. 전국 3개 지역에서 '연봉1호', '연봉2호' 및 '계명1호'의 출수기가 다른 품종보다 빨랐다. 출수기가 빠른 조생종 이탈리안 라이그라스는 건물률이 높고 초장도 다른 품종보다 높았다. 또한 조생종은 생초수량과 건물수량도 다른 품종보다 많았다. 본 시험결과를 볼 때 숙기가 빠른 품종은 다른 품종에 비하여 초장이 높고, 건물률, 생초수량 및 건물수량이 많은 것으로 평가되었다. 따라서 숙기가 빠르고 사초 생산성이 우수한 조생종 이탈리안 라이그라스가 2모작체계에 유리할 것으로 판단된다. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and forage production of Italian ryegrass cultivars at three locations (Gurae, Sungju and Cheonan) from 2013 to 2014. The experiment employed a randomized complete block design with three replications. The seven cultivars used in this experiment were 'Korwinearly', 'Florida80', 'YounbongI', 'YounbongII', 'YounbongIII', 'KeimyungI' and 'KeimyungII' varieties. Italian ryegrass varieties were seeded on October 4 at Gurae, October 8 at Seongju and October 3 at Cheonan in 2013. The Italian ryegrass varieties were harvested on April 26 at Gurae and Seongju, and on April 24 at Cheonan in 2014. Although the seven cultivars had resistance to foliar diseases and insects and high winter survival, they has little lodging resistance. The heading dates for 'Younbong I', 'Younbong II' and 'Keimyung I' were earlier than for other varieties at the three locations. Dry matter (DM) content and plant height in the early maturing cultivars were higher than in other cultivars at the three locations. The fresh and DM yields of the early maturing cultivars were also higher than others at the three locations. The results of this experiment indicate that the heading date for early maturing cultivars is earlier, and the plant height is higher than for other cultivars. Early maturing cultivars had higher DM content as well as fresh and DM yields of Italian ryegrass. Therefore, early maturing cultivars should be recommended as high-yield forage in double-cropping systems because of their superior production of forage and early heading date.

Fermentation Quality of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Silages Treated with Encapsulated-glucose, Glucose, Sorbic Acid and Pre-fermented Juices

Shao, Tao,Zhanga, L.,Shimojo, M.,Masuda, Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.11

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of adding encapsulated-glucose, glucose, sorbic acid or prefermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) on the fermentation quality and residual mono- and disaccharide composition of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) silages. The additive treatments were as follows: (1) control (no addition), (2) encapsulated-glucose addition at 0.5% for glucose, (3) glucose addition at 1%, (4) sorbic acid addition at 0.1%, (5) FJLB addition at a theoretical application rate of $2.67{\times}10^5$ CFU (colony forming unit) $g^{-1}$, on a fresh weight basis of Italian ryegrass. Although control and encapsulated-glucose treatments had higher contents of butyric acid (33.45, 21.50 g $kg^{-1}$ DM) and ammonia-N/Total nitrogen (114.91, 87.01 g $kg^{-1}$) as compared with the other treated silages, the fermentation in all silages was clearly dominated by lactic acid. This was well indicated by the low pH (4.38-3.59), and high lactic acid/acetic acid (4.39-22.97) and lactic acid content (46.85-121.76 g $kg^{-1}$ DM). Encapsulated-0.5% glucose and glucose addition increased lactic acid/acetic acid, and significantly (p<0.05) decreased ammonia-N/total nitrogen, and the contents of butyric acid and total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as compared with the control. However, there were higher butyric acid and lower residual mono-and di-saccharides on the two treatments as compared with sorbic acid and FJLB addition, and their utilization efficiency of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) was lower than that of both sorbic acid and FJLB additions. Sorbic acid addition showed the lowest content of ethanol and ammonia-N/total nitrogen, and the highest content of residual fructose and total mono-and disaccharides as well as the higher lactic acid/acetic acid value. Sorbic acid addition decreased the loss of mono-and disaccharides, and inhibited the activity of clostridial and other undesirable bacteria, and greatly increased the utilization efficiency of fermentable substrates by epiphytic LAB. FJLB addition had the lowest pH value and the highest lactic acid content among all additive treatments, with the most intensive lactic acid fermentation occurring in FJLB treated silage. This resulted in the faster accumulation of lactic acid and faster pH reduction. Sorbic acid and FJLB addition depressed clostridia or other undesirable bacterial fermentation which decreased the WSC loss and saved the fermentable substrate for lactic acid fermentation.

혐기소화처리액을 배지로 이용한 클로렐라 배양액 시용이 이탈리안 라이그라스의 초기생육에 미치는 영향

서운갑,이진웅,류종원,Seo, Un Kab,Lee, Jin Woong,Ryoo, Jong Won 한국초지조사료학회 2016 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.36 No.4

본 연구는 가축분뇨 혐기소화처리액과 클로렐라 배양액 시용이 이탈리안 라이그라스의 발아와 초기생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 처리는 혐기소화처리액과 이를 배지로 활용하여 배양한 클로렐라 배양액의 희석 농도를 각각 25% (v/v), 50% (v/v), 75% (v/v), 100% (v/v)로 처리하였다. 초기생육의 평가를 위한 조사항목으로 발아율, 초장, 엽수, 엽폭, 엽록소함량 (SPAD) 측정, 지상부, 지하부 생체중과 건물중, T/R율, 뿌리길이 등을 조사하였다. 발아율은 클로렐라 배양액 25% 처리구에서 무처리구(지하수) 보다 높은 발아율을 나타내었다. 지상부 생육 특성(초장, 엽장, 엽수 및 엽폭)은 모든 처리구 중에서 클로렐라 배양액 50% 처리구가 가장 높았다. 엽록소 측정값(SPAD)은 무처리구의 30.7에 비해 클로렐라 배양액 50%처리구는 58.7로 가장 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 지상부 생체중은 클로렐라 배양액 처리구가 혐기소화액 보다 높았으며 50% 처리구에서 29.2 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 지하부 생체중은 클로렐라 배양액 처리구에서 21~27 g로 혐기소화처리액에 비하여 높았다. T/R율은 혐기소화처리액 처리구에서 0.98~1.04 (평균 0.97)로 클로렐라배양액 처리구의 0.94~1.06 (평균 1.02) 유의한 차이를 나타나지 않았다. 클로렐라 배양액 처리구가 혐기소화처리액 처리구보다 길었다. 이상의 결과에서 이탈리안 라이그라스의 지상부 및 뿌리 생육에 클로렐라 배양액의 초기 생육촉진 효과를 나타내었으며, 클로렐라 배양액의 적정 시용농도는 50%로 보여진다. Anaerobic digestion is a collection of naturally occurring processes that convert organic matter and liquid residue, so-called digestate. The use of digestate biofertilizers is one of the important components of integrated nutrient management, as they are renewable sources of plant nutrients for sustainable agriculture. Seeds of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) were germinated in different concentration of Chlorella in order to investigate it's the effect of Chlorella on growth parameters, seed germination and early growth. The experiment using plug tray was conducted at the green house placed in the Sangji University. The experiment consisted of nine treatments including different concentrations of Chlorella sp. culture solution and non-treated control. The germination percentage at the treatment with 25% Chlorella sp. culture solution was greater than that of control. The 50% concentration of Chlorella sp. culture solution was found to promote a better seedling growth in terms of shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight compared to the anaerobic digestate. Results showed that the best concentration of Chlorella culture solution was achieved by the 50% concentration of Chlorella culture solution treatment. As a conclusion, the application of Chlorella culture solution was found to be able to promote the germination and shoots growth of Italian ryegrass.

이탈리안 라이그래스의 형질전환에 미치는 몇 가지 요인의 영향

이상훈,우현숙,이병현 한국동물자원과학회 2004 한국축산학회지 Vol.46 No.2

A system for the production of transgenic plants has been developed for Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of embryogenic callus. Mature seed-derived calli were infected and co-cultured with Agrobacterium EHA101 carrying standard binary vector pIG121Hm encoding the hygromycin phosphotransferase(HPT), neomycin phosphotransferase Ⅱ (NPTⅡ) and intron-containing β-glucuronidase(intron-GUS) genes in the T-DNA region. The effects of several factors on transformation and the expression of the GUS gene were investigated. Inclusion of 200㎛ acetosyringone(AS) in inoculation and co-cultivation media lead to a significant increase in stable transformation efficiency. Increasing Agrobacterium cell density up to 1.0 in OD_(600) during infection increased transformation efficiency of embryogenic calli. The highest transformation efficiency was obtained when embryogenic calli were incoulated with Agrobacterium in the presence of 0.1% Tween20 and 200㎛ AS. Hygromycin resistant calli were developed into complete plants via somatic embryogenesis. GUS histochemical assay and PCR analysis of transgenic plants demonstrated that transgenes were integrated into the genome of Italian ryegrass.