DMZ 평화지대 조성의 제약요인과 추진방안

장훈남 ( Jang Hoon-nam ) 한국접경지역통일학회 2021 접경지역통일연구 Vol.5 No.1

Since 1971, successive South Korean governments have proposed to North Korea for a peaceful use of DMZ several times, but they have been rejected each time due to North Korea’s non-response and refusal. Starting with the June 15, 2000 inter-Korean summit, the Panmunjom Declaration on April 27, 2018 laid the basic framework for the creation of DMZ peace zone, and the September 19 military agreement made concrete actions to create DMZ peace zone. However, inter-Korean relations are stuck again due to the breakdown of the second North Korea-U.S. summit and North Korea’s unilateral blow-up of the inter-Korean liaison office in Kaeseong. In order to switch inter-Korean relations back into a mode of reconciliation and create DMZ peace zone, it will be most important to clearly analyze political, military, economic, social, and environmental constraints. Based on this, it is necessary to provide an opportunity to promote a sustainable DMZ peace zone creation project based on mutual political and military trust between the two Koreas, and to provide a driving force for the peace zone establishment project by sharing mutual benefits between the two Koreas using DMZ. In addition, it is necessary to recognize that the project to create DMZ peace zone cannot be achieved only by the efforts of the two Koreas, and to elicit support and cooperation from the international community through globalization strategies. It is necessary to create a foundation for the international community to participate in DMZ peace zone creation project and to actively participate in it so that North Korea can naturally participate and discuss it together. DMZ peace zone creation project is not to be terminated by the current government, but efforts should be made to continue to promote it in the next government.

한반도 DMZ와 키프로스 UN 완충지대 비교 연구

문선혜(Moon, Sun Hye) 통일과 북한법학회(구 북한법연구회) 2021 북한법연구 Vol.26 No.-

한반도 DMZ와 키프로스 UN 완충지대는 국제법상 비무장지대라는 공통점이 있다. 그러나 완전히 중무장화된 한반도 DMZ와 달리 키프로스 UN 완충지대는 비무장화되어 비군사적 목적으로도 이용되며 남북 키프로스 간 소통 창구로써 활용된다. 반면에 한반도 DMZ는 군사분계선을 중심으로 양분되어 남과 북이 대치하는 구조로 되어 있으며 유엔사는 군사적 활동만을 담당하고 있는데, 이러한 차이가 비무장지대의 평화적 이용에 적지 않은 영향을 미친 것으로 보인다. 키프로스 UN 완충지대 사례를 참고하면 한반도 DMZ의 평화적 이용을 위한 정책적 시사점을 도출할 수 있다. 먼저 정전체제를 여전히 유지한다는 전제 하에서의 중⋅단기 과제로는, 남키프로스와 같이 남한 당국이 DMZ 관리 권한을 확보하는 것과 비무장지대를 관리하는 주체의 성격을 키프로스와 같이 바꾸기 위하여 유엔사에게 비군사적 임무를 부여하는 방안을 검토해 볼 수 있다. 한반도 정전체제 종식 이후 장기 과제로는 평화협정을 체결하여 실질적인 평화체제를 구축하는 것과 DMZ에서 유엔사를 비롯한 남한군과 북한군을 전부 철수시킨 다음 중립적 지위의 군사 병력을 배치하는 방안을 검토할 필요가 있다. The Korean DMZ and the UN buffer zone in Cyprus have in common that they are demilitarized zones under international law. However, unlike the fully armed the Korean DMZ, the UN buffer zone in Cyprus is demilitarized and used for non-military purposes, and is used as a communication channel between South and North Cyprus. Unlike the UN buffer zone in Cyprus, the Korean DMZ is divided around the military demarcation line, and the U.N. forces are only in charge of military activities, making it difficult to use the Demilitarized Zone in peace. Referring to the case of the UN buffer zone in Cyprus, policy implications for the peaceful use of the Korean DMZ can be derived. First, as a short-term task under the premise of maintaining the armistice, it is necessary to consider securing the South Korean authorities authority to manage the DMZ and assigning non-military missions to the UN forces. Next, as a long-term task after the end of the armistice, it is necessary to consider signing a peace agreement to establish a substantial peace system, withdrawing North South Korean and South Korean forces including the UN forces, and deploying neutral military forces in the Korean DMZ.

DMZ의 공간적 범위에 관한 연구

김창환(Chang Hwan Kim) 한국지역지리학회 2007 한국지역지리학회지 Vol.13 No.4

한국전쟁의 결과 한반도의 허리에 해당하는 DMZ 지역은 반세기 이상 인간의 관심에서 잊혀진 공간이었다. 그러나 최근 국·내외적으로 DMZ에 대한 관심이 고조되면서, 오늘날 DMZ를 대상으로 하는 연구는 점차 활발해 지고 있다. 그러나 정작 연구의 대상인 DMZ의 공간적 범위에 대한 연구는 매우 미약하다. 그마저도 선행연구를 분석한 결과 대부분의 연구에서 군사분계선과 DMZ, 한강하구 중립지역, 그리고 NLL에 대한 기술에 있어서 공간적인 오류를 범하고 있었다. 본 연구에서 조사한 결과, 동해안 고성의 명호리에서 서쪽의 임진강 하구에 이르는 군사분계선의 길이는 약 238km(148마일)이고, 군사분계선을 따라 설정되어 있는 DMZ의 면적은 약 903.8㎢로 측정되었다. 이는 현재 ``155마일 휴전선`` 등과 같이 남북을 양분하는 공간을 지칭하는 용어에 대한 재정립이 필요함을 의미하는 것이다. Korean War resulted in the fact that Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) on the neck of Korean peninsular was totally forgotten by people for more than half a century. But recently, as the concern in this DMZ has been rising inside and outside of Korea, the researches on this subject have been gradually quickening. However, the practical studies about spatial extent of DMZ are very feeble. Even the analysis of the previous studies shows that the most of researches had mistakes in the spatial description of MDL and DMZ, neutral territory of Han River estuary, and NLL. In this study the length of MDL, stretching till the estuary of western Lim-Jin River in Myung-Ho Ri of Goseong region on East Coast, was measured to be about 238km (148miles); the area of corresponding DMZ was proved to be approximately 903.8㎢ (907.3㎢ in the previous studies). Such results show that it is necessary to decide the terms for calling the space dividing North and South Korea, similarly to "155-mile truce line".

DMZ의 축소된 공간 범위에 대한 연구

정규석(Jung, Kyu-Surk),신현탁(Shin, Hyun-Tak),김상준(Kim, Sang-Jun),안종빈(An, Jong-Bin),윤정원(Yoon, Jung-Won),권영한(Kwon, Yeong-Han),허태임(Heo, Tae-Im) 한국지역지리학회 2015 한국지역지리학회지 Vol.21 No.2

정전협정으로 설치된 한반도 비무장지대(DMZ: Demilitarized Zone) 일대는 정치적·군사적 위상과 더불어 역사적·생태적·문화적으로 매우 중요한 지역으로 오늘날 국·내외 관심이 집중되고 있다. 이에 따라 DMZ를 대상으로 한 다양한 연구들이 활발히 진행되고 있는 현실이나, 정작 연구의 대상이 되는 DMZ 공간의 실제 범위에 대한 고민과 논의는 매우 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 서쪽의 임진강 하구에서 동쪽의 고성군 명호리에 이르는 DMZ의 정 확한 범위를 제시하고자 수행되었으며, 연구를 진행한 결과 DMZ의 면적은 약 570㎢로 기존에 알려진 992㎢에서 현재 43% 감소한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 155마일로 대변되는 군사분계선(MDL: Military Demarcation Line) 길이의 경우 현 상황에서의 정확한 실측은 불가능한 것으로 판단되었다. DMZ(Demilitarized Zone) created as part of the Armistice Agreement is important zone in the way that historic and eco-cultural value as well as military and political image of this are remarkable. Furthermore, the concern of DMZ has been rising at home and abroad. Even though various studies on this subject have been constantly spurring according to the significance, the practical researches on spatial range of DMZ are very weak. The Purpose of this research is to show the factual spatial extent of DMZ from the mouth of the Imjingang River in the west to the town of Goseong in the east. This study proved the area of corresponding DMZ is approximately 570㎢ contrary to the previous studies and claims it is difficult to measure the actual length of MDL(Military Demarcation Line) regarded as 155mile in this situation of Korea peninsula.

DMZ박물관의 전시특성과 다크뮤지엄으로서전시개선방안 연구

김정웅 건국대학교 글로컬문화전략연구소 2022 문화콘텐츠연구 Vol.- No.25

The de-militarized zone (DMZ) Museum, located in Goseong, Gangwon-do,is one of Korea’s representative museums. Despite being located in acivilian-controlled zone, it was popular enough to receive 2 million visitorsin August 2021. The reason for the interest in the DMZ Museum is that thenearby DMZ is relatively unique among conflict zones, with very fewexisting in the world. The DMZ Museum, which uses the DMZ as its topic,talks about the founding philosophy to transform it “From a symbol of warand division to a land of peace and life!” In other words, we approach theDMZ as a place that hopes to shed its negative past and transform to a placeof potential positive future value. The DMZ Museum organizes exhibitionsaccording to its founding philosophy. The DMZ Museum exhibits are dividedinto two main categories. At the beginning of the exhibition, the origin andformation of the DMZ is conveyed. During the middle section, the natureand resources possessed by the DMZ are introduced and emphasized as aplace with high potential. Through this division, ultimately, it proposes aplan for the DMZ to move toward a place of peace and life. The characteristics of the DMZ Museum exhibition are as follows. First,it clearly reveals the cause of the DMZ by directing realistic representations based on chronological exhibitions. Second, it pursues future-oriented valuesto promote peace and life as part of the DMZ landmark. Third, ultimately, itseeks to underline the direction the Republic of Korea should take for thedevelopment and unification of inter-Korean relations. In order to effectivelyutilize these characteristics, the DMZ Museum chooses a method that informsthe history of the past tragedies using dark lighting from the beginning tothe middle of the exhibition, and shows a bright future of peace and lifeusing bright lighting from the middle of the exhibition onwards. TheseDMZ museum exhibitions are faithfully planning exhibitions according tothe founding philosophy and purpose. In particular, it shows the potential ofdark museums to deliver meaningful topics to future generations in that itnot only delivers historical facts, but also pays attention to the potentialvalue of the DMZ and seeks ways to utilize it. However, the exhibition usesgraphic panels and texts that are repeated in the latter half of the exhibition. These should be the key to delivering the message of the theme, however, itnot only lowers the visitor’s ‘exhibition attention’, but also weakens thedelivery of the theme. Therefore, in this study, the exhibition improvement plan to emphasizethe theme in the DMZ museum exhibition is proposed as follows. First, it isproposed that exhibits that focus on ‘personal memory’ as well as publicmemories of tragic events surrounding the DMZ should be actively used. Second, if the first half of the exhibition effectively conveys the cause andhistory of the DMZ through realistic reproduction-oriented production, thesecond half, which talks about the potential of the DMZ and the hope for abright future, should metaphorically convey the theme through CulturalRepresenations. Third, the end of the exhibition, which is directly connected to the ultimate goal of the exhibition, should be recomposed as an exhibition that canimprint the idea of the DMZ as a land of peace and life.

DMZ 관련 문화콘텐츠 현황과 전망

한명희 ( Han Myeong-hee ) 국제어문학회 2011 국제어문 Vol.52 No.-

This thesis shows the way DMZ-Demilitarized Zone-the way to be a cultural contents considering it as a cultural resources. DMZ is a place with a cultural value as it is recently handled significantly in the aspect of security, peace, ecology, etc... Actually, there are some movements in some places for DMZ to be resource culturally. At this point, I suggest the prospect of DMZ with checking the current situation of DMZ-related cultural contents. In related to this, I analyzed Park Sangyeon`s novel “DMZ” for the text contents and “JSA”&“DMZ”&“Dream comes true.” for movie contents. In addition, for performance contents, I analyzed “My love, DMZ” which was written and directed by O Teasok. Especially, I took a note of “DMZ Museum” out of experience contents such as Security&tourism Facility, Festival, Tourism Products, Exhibition, etc... For a new DMZ-related contents, I suggested digital-used contents. To name a few, there are Serious game, mobile game, experiential facility of virtual reality, etc. As a experiential contents, I suggested to reconstruct Daesung-Dong Village which is an unique one in DMZ as well as to develop the border-area as a tourist attractions. And I judged to need DMZ-related animation and character. I think that there will be a good-quality cultural contents if DMZ-related informations are to be read freely and made a easily access by ordinary peoples. In addition, I think DMZ has Korean original cultural form and is a precious resource with the possibility to be a global contents.

한반도 통일과 DMZ의 효율적 관리를 위한 법제도화

이효원 한국통일전략학회 2012 통일전략 Vol.12 No.1

In the korean peninsula, the DMZ stands for the korean war, a state of armistice and hope of peace and reunification. Therefore, the DMZ should be a pathway to overcome division of peninsula and to realize an ideology and a true value of the unified korea. For efficient administration of the DMZ, coordination and systematization of related legal system is needed to solve jurisdiction quarrel over the DMZ. Till now, The Military Armistice Agreement(MAA), The Military Installation & Military Facilities Protection Act and some sort of Inter-Korean Basic Agreement could be named as the DMZ related legal system, but these system`s legal effect or validity are still in a grey area. The article 3 of Republic of Korea`s constitution clearly claims that the DMZ is a part of Republic of Korea`s legal territory. Nevertheless, we have to admit “a specific relationship of South-North Korea” and the upper side of the military demarcation line(MDL) is under Democratic People`s Republic of Korea`s regime. However, the DMZ, as a special area which came out from the MAA, the Military Armistice Commission(MAC), a international organization, has effective jurisdiction. As a ROK domestic law, The Military Installation & Military Facilities Protection Act is basically aimed to regulate military-related issues and Inter-Korean Basic Agreements are only partially related with the DMZ. Therefore, under the way to reunification, we have to make legal structure and a series of special law for peaceful use and preservation of the DMZ. In this process, certain constitutional problems which came out from “a specific relationship of South-North Korea” should be handled and a specific Inter-Korean Agreement for the DMZ should be signed. For positive validity and effectiveness of Inter-Korean Agreement for the DMZ, it must be signed after its related-legal procedure and its contents should be systematic and prescribed specifically. 한반도에서 DMZ는 전쟁과 분단의 현실이자 평화와 통일의 희망이다. 따라서 DMZ는 남북교류협력을 통해 분단을 극복하고 통일한국의 이념과 가치를 실현하는 연결통로가 되어야 한다. 이를 위해서는 정치군사적 측면, 생태환경적 측면과 사회경제적 측면을 종합적으로 고려하여 DMZ를 효율적으로 관리할 필요가 있다. DMZ의 효율적 관리는 남한법, 북한법, 국제법이 중층적으로 적용되는 법률체계의 모순과 충돌을 해결하고 관련 법제도를 정합적으로 체계화시키는 것이 필요하다. 현재까지 DMZ에 관한 법제도는 군사정전협정, 군사기지 및 군사시설 보호법, 그리고 일부 남북합의서가 마련되어 있으나, 그 법적 성격, 요건과 효력 등이 확립되어 있지 않은 상태이다. DMZ는 대한민국의 헌법 제3조에 의하여 대한민국의 규범적 영토주권이 미치는 지역이지만, 남북한특수관계론에 따라서 군사분계선 이북지역은 북한의 영토주권이 미치는 것을 인정할 수 있다. 그러나 DMZ에 대하여는 군사정전협정이 그 개념과 범위를 직접적으로 규율하고 있어 국제기구인 군사정전위원회가 현실적인 관할권을 가진다. 또한, 국내법으로서 DMZ를 직접 규율하는 군사기지 및 군사시설보호법은 군사적 목적을 위한 규제를 주된 내용으로 하고 있으며, 개별적인 남북합의서도 부분적으로 DMZ와 관련되어 있다. 따라서 DMZ에 대하여는 통일과정의 단계에 있어서 기본법률을 비롯한 개별법률을 제정하여 평화적 이용과 보존을 위한 법적 근거를 마련하여야 한다. 이때 남북한특수관계에서 비롯되는 헌법적 쟁점을 해결하여야 하고, 현실적으로는 DMZ에 대한 통일적인 남북합의서를 체결함으로써 남북교류협력을 구체적으로 실천할 수 있을 것이다. DMZ에 대한 남북합의서는 법적 구속력을 부여할 수 있도록 관련 법령에서 규정하는 절차에 따라 체결되어야 하고, 실체법적 내용도 체계적이고 구체적으로 제시하여야 할 것이다.

DMZ 평화 창출을 위한 신기능주의적 접근

박형준 조선대학교 사회과학연구원 부설 동북아연구소 2018 동북아연구 Vol.33 No.2

South Korea and North Korea signed the Armistice Agreement for the Korean War's truce and set up a demilitarized zone (DMZ) to prevent conflicts and surprises in 1953. However, under the division structure, the DMZ was heavily armed unlike its original purpose, and 876 cases of major violations of armistice agreements (military conflicts) caused serious human and material damage. Both sides' military clashes in the DMZ have worsened mutual distrust and conflict, hampering inter-Korean reconciliation and cooperation. Therefore, it is urgent to find a neo-functionalist approach to transform the DMZ into a peaceful space, so that the South and the North Korea can build sustainable peace. Nevertheless, most of the previous researches on the DMZ have not identified the crucial conditions of the peaceful use of the DMZ, and have not proposed a solution for building sustainable peace. It has been focused on how to use the DMZ peacefully without discussing some fundamentals of problem solving. At the same time, there has been a tendency to focus on economic benefits, the mitigation of military tensions, the conservation of ecological resources and ecotourism by utilizing the DMZ's geopolitical advantages and resources. The purpose of this study is to propose a neo-functionalist approach as a method for peaceful use of DMZ considering the problems raised above. This is because political and military problems reproduced and strengthened mutual hostility between the two Koreas and acted as an obstacle to the establishment of a peace regime on the Korean peninsula. Especially recent demolition and GP explosion in the DMZ can be a meaningful example supporting the neo-functionalist approach.

DMZ의 평화적 이용을 위한 국제법적 쟁점 및 과제

박병도 ( Byungdo Park ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2015 一鑑法學 Vol.0 No.32

그 동안 역대 정부들뿐만 아니라 국내의 민간단체들이 DMZ와 관련한 여러 가지 계획들을 발표하였지만 그것이 실현된 것은 거의 없다. 그 이유 중의 하나는 정전협정상 우리나라가 DMZ에 대한 관할권을 일방적으로 행사할 수 없기 때문이다. DMZ의 평화적 이용을 위해서는, DMZ가 우리 영토이기 때문에 국내법적에 문제를 검토하여야 하고, 또한 DMZ는 국제조약인 정전협정에 근거하여 설치되었기 때문에 국제법적 문제도 아울러 검토하여야한다. 즉 DMZ의 규범체계를 국내법과 국제법 차원으로 나누어 살펴보아야 하나, 이 논문은 국제법적 측면에서 검토하고자 한다. DMZ의 평화적 이용을 위하여 국제법적 검토가 필요한 이유는 첫째, DMZ란 국제조약이나 협약에 의해 군사시설의 배치 및 무장이 금지된 지역이나 지대를 의미하며, 한반도 DMZ에는 정전협정이라는 조약, 즉 국제법이 적용되며, DMZ는 정전협정에 의해 설치된 군사정전위원회의 관할권 아래에 있기 때문이다. 둘째, 1977년에 채택된 제네바협약 제Ⅰ추가의정서에 DMZ 관련 규정이 있는데, 남북한은 각각 1982년과 1988년에 이 의정서를 비준·가입하여 당사국이 되어, 남북한은 정전협정의 DMZ 관련 규정과 더불어 제Ⅰ추가의정서의 DMZ 관련 규정을 준수하여야 할 의무가 있기 때문이다. 현 단계에서 DMZ의 평화적 이용을 위해서는 DMZ를 탄생시키고 그곳에 대한 접근 및 이용을 금지한 정전협정에서 규정하고 있는 규범을 따라야 한다. DMZ는 일차적으로 정전협정이라는 국제법의 규율을 받기 때문이다. 정전협정은 국제법상의 조약으로서 DMZ를 규율하는 가장 중요한 규범체계이다. DMZ의 평화적 이용의 출발점은 정전협정 준수이다. 또한 DMZ는 정전협정에 의해 설치된 군사정전위원회의 관할권 아래에 있기 때문에 현 단계에서 DMZ 관련 논의는 정전협정체제의 준수라는 틀에서 접근하여야 한다. 그런데 정전협상에 따르면 우리 영토임에도 DMZ에 대한 관할권이 우리에게 없기 때문에 DMZ의 출입과 통과를 포함하여 DMZ의 평화적 이용을 위한 사업에도 군사정전위원회의 허가 및 북한의 동의를 받아야 한다. 따라서 우리의 주권적 의지대로 DMZ의 평화적 이용을 위해서는 DMZ 관할권을 반환받아야 한다. DMZ에 세계생태·평화공원을 조성하기 위해서, 정전협정체제가 해체되고 우리나라가 DMZ에 대해서 완전하게 주권행사를 할 수 있을 때까지 잠정적으로 DMZ의 보전 및 이용을 위한 국제협약을 체결하는 방법을 생각해 볼 수 있다. 지금과 같이 불안정한 정전협정체제로 DMZ가 무장화되어 본래 기능을 하지 못하는 상황에서 다자간 국제협약은 DMZ의 비무장화를 확보할 수 있는 안정적인 방안이 될 수 있다. 또한 DMZ의 보전 및 이용을 위한국제협약을 체결하여 DMZ의 생태적 가치와 평화의 상징적 가치와 브랜드를 국제사회에 널리 확인시켜 나갈 수 있는 기제로 활용할 수 있다. 다만 통일 이후 DMZ의 법적 지위 변경을 고려하여, 통일 이후에는 우리나라의 주권이 완전하고 실질적으로 행사될 수 있는 장치를 담아야 할 것이다. Although previous and current governments and private organizations have been pushing the various plans relating to the DMZ(Demilitarized Zone), most of them have seldom materialized due to the constraint of jurisdiction. We should review this jurisdictional problem based on international law as well as municipal law in order to use the DMZ peacefully. Taking into consideration that DMZ have been governed by Armistice Agreement and its Military Armistice Commission, international law plays an important roles to the Korean Peninsula and international law arena respectively. Also, South and North Korea are under Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions which impose on certain obligations to the DMZ. Therefore, both South and North Korea should comply with a variety of DMZ regulations to form a peaceful use of DMZ. According to the interpretation under Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, relevant rules of Armistice Agreement are still valid and of great importance. However, a variety of DMZ projects in terms of peaceful use should be permitted by Military Armistice Commission and obtain a certain consent of North Korea due to the lack of jurisdiction. Considering this jurisdictional problem, we should establish a long-term policy to restore South Korea to just rights on the DMZ. Not only that, tentatively, conclusion of multilateral agreement can function as an alternative approach to exercise our sovereignty and promote demilitarization of DMZ. It is a timely and appropriate chance for South Korea to build its worldwide brand-value and ultimately settle down the permanent peace in the Korea Peninsula.

남북한 환경법제와 DMZ 보전 및 이용방안

김광수 ( Kwangsoo Kim ) 한국환경법학회 2018 환경법연구 Vol.40 No.2

The Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) maintains a unique natural environment due to the restricted access of the public since the signing of the Armistice Agreement and preservation of the natural state, and the ecosystem is well preserved. It is an area of great value for conservation and ecosystem services in itself. In addition, it is a symbolic place where North and South Korea are facing each other. Therefore, there is a possibility to establish the basis of nature conservation and peace maintenance through this region. Based on the previous research, we propose a plan to maintain the present eco system of the demilitarized zone. For the common conservation and utilization of the DMZ, an understanding of North Korea's environmental laws should be preceded. The legal system of North Korea is not well known to us. This is due to the fact that mutual exchanges are limited. So the absolute number of laws is small and its contents are not well publicized here. In the socialist political system denoted by North Korea, the law is regarded as a tool for realizing national policies. In other words, while the law contains strong political and policy orientations, the notion that the law is a means to resolve social conflicts or to coordinate various interests is scarce. Nevertheless, environmental laws have been improved and are continuing to develop in North Korea. In this article, I introduced the North Korean environmental law system. The Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) is a symbol of the military confrontation between the two Koreas. South Korea's efforts to preserve and peacefully use the environment of the demilitarized zone have continued, but have not achieved any clear results. This is because, inter alia, there is a lack of joint efforts between the two Koreas to preserve the area and develop it into a peace zone. Considering the relics, scenery and ecological value of the DMZ, we believe that the conditions under which joint efforts for conservation can begin are sufficient. In particular, the recent dialogue between North and South Korea, such as the Panmunjom Declaration, is raising the expectation that the preservation and use of the DMZ, which has been intermittently promoted, can be carried out at all times. This area is a transportation channel that must be restored for interchange between North and South Korea and is very valuable as a report of ecological resources. And above all, the normalization of the region will be an opportunity for efficient and rational utilization of South Korea's whole land. The wounds and pain of division are being maximized in the demilitarized zone. The common preservation and utilization of this area will be an opportunity to overcome the division and symbolically show exchanges and cooperation between the two Koreas.